Displaying publications 61 - 80 of 5628 in total

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  1. Abidin Z, Kuhan N
    Med J Malaysia, 1984 Sep;39(3):192-6.
    PMID: 6443580
    Seven infants with birth weights less than lS00g received total parenteral nutrition for seven to 16 days through the peripheral route, commencing within the first 24 hours of life. Excessive weight loss was prevented and the infants showed significant weight gain. The time required to regain the initial birth weight showed an improvement over that expected in conventionally managed infants. Metabolic and septic complications were minimal and easily manageable. The results demonstrate that the technique, when properly used, warrants consideration in feeding low birth weight infants incapable of tolerating enteral feeding.
  2. Abu Bakar N, Lee CL
    Med J Malaysia, 2013;68(1):73-5.
    PMID: 23466774
    Osteo-odontokeratoprosthesis (OOKP) surgery is a technique used to replace damaged cornea in blind patients for whom cadaveric transplantation is not feasible. OOKP surgery is a complex procedure requiring lifetime follow-up. The preservation of the osteo-odontolamina is the vital feature in maintaining the stability of the OOKP. Early detection of lamina resorption enables early prophylactic measures to be taken and prevent resorption-related complications. This case illustrates the radiological findings of the first OOKP surgery in Malaysia and the role of multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) in postoperative management of OOKP surgery.
  3. Abu Bakar S
    Med J Malaysia, 2009 Sep;64(3):185-6.
    PMID: 20527264 MyJurnal
    Koh and others have reported (in this issue of the MJM) the high prevalence of Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) on doctors’ neckties. As they have pointed out, this is nothing new, and like other studies with similar findings. They also point out that patient’s confidence and satisfaction are not affected by doctor’s not wearing neckties. They also referred to the British Department of Health decision to ban the use of neckties, long sleeve shirts and jewellery, and the Scottish government’s intention to ban the wearing of white coats, including neckties, to stop the spread of infections. They support the call by The Malaysian Medical Association to avoid the use of neckties.
  4. Abu Bakar S, Shafee N, Chee HY
    Med J Malaysia, 1999 Sep;54(3):402-3.
    PMID: 11045072
  5. Abu Bakar S, Wong PF
    Med J Malaysia, 2002 Jun;57(2):242-3.
    PMID: 24326663
  6. Abu Bakar SH, Hussein Z, Hee SL, Fazan F
    Med J Malaysia, 2004 May;59 Suppl B:81-2.
    PMID: 15468829
    Hydroxyapatite, (HA; Ca1O(PO4)6(OH)2) has been successfully applied in medical and dental applications for several years due to its excellent biocompatibility. The usage of HA in Malaysia, however, is limited due to the lack of availability. Therefore the aim of this work is to produce HA materials from both pure chemicals and from Malaysian natural limestone precursors, and to compare their bulk properties. However, parts of Malaysian natural limestone deposits actually consist of a combination of Ca(OH)2 and CaCO3. In order to utilise the limestone to produce HA material, the combination of these commercially pure chemicals as HA precursors should still work. In order to test this hypothesis, two HAs were produced by wet synthesis technique utilising (a) combination of Ca(OH)2 + CaCO3 from pure commercial chemicals [WCC] and (b) a local natural limestone [WL] precursors. The HAs produced; WCC and WL, were compacted into discs and sintered at 1250 degrees C. The characterisations and evaluations conducted were XRD, SEM-EDX, FTIR and shrinkage factor. The results indicate that WL gives slightly better bulk properties compared to WCC.
  7. Abu Hanifah Y
    Med J Malaysia, 1990 Dec;45(4):293-7.
    PMID: 2152049
    The occurrence of post-operative wound infection was studied respectively over an eight month period in the University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur. One hundred and seventy four (3.4%) surgical wounds out of 5129 operations became infected. The clean wound infection rate was 2.9%, rising to 5.4% and 12.2% for clean-contaminated and contaminated surgical wounds respectively. Of the wound infections, 80.8% occurred within the first two weeks post-operatively. Bacteriological studies revealed that the commonest bacterial isolates were Staphylococcus aureus (36.1%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (15.4%) and Klebsiella species (10.1%).
  8. Abu-Zidan FM, Premadasa IG
    Med J Malaysia, 2001 Dec;56(4):441-5.
    PMID: 12014763
    Purpose: This study aimed at evaluating the educational value of the morbidity mortality meeting and benefits obtained from it so as to implement changes that can improve it.
    Methods: Surgeons (n=13) at a university hospital responded anonymously to a questionnaire which was structured to monitor the educational activity of the morbidity mortality meeting. They indicated their perceptions on a five-point scale (very poor, poor, fair, good and very good). Depending on the results of the first questionnaire, these changes were made: 1) Standardisation of the notice of the meeting 2) Organization of the meeting 3) Review of the literature on the specific problems encountered. The participants were not aware of the results of the first questionnaire. Nine weeks later, the same questionnaire was repeated (n=12). Mann Whitney test was used to compare the ratings of the two questionnaires.
    Results: The attributes which showed significant improvement between the first and second questionnaires were a) organization (p=0.004; (median (range) 3 (2-5) compared with 5 (3-5)) b) knowledge is up-to-date (p<0.005; (median (range) 3 (2-4) compared with 4 (3-5)), c) discussion related to the problem (0.01; (median (range) 3 (1-4) compared with 4 (3-5)) and d) notice of the meeting (p< 0.026; (median (range) 3 (2-4) compared with 4 (2-5)),
    Conclusions: This study showed that specific actions can improve the educational quality of the morbidity mortality meeting.
  9. AbuBakar S, Shafee N, Chee HY
    Med J Malaysia, 1998 Sep;53(3):293-5.
    PMID: 10968171
    Infectious agent(s) causing the fatal Sarawak acute childhood viral infection (SACVI) has not been identified. In the present study, results indicating that inocula prepared from the fatal cases of SACVI induced apoptosis in Vero cell cultures are presented. These findings suggest the possible involvement of apoptotic cellular responses in SACVI.
  10. Achanna KS, Zaleha AM, Sachchithanantham, Farouk AM
    Med J Malaysia, 2006 Aug;61(3):312-9.
    PMID: 17240582 MyJurnal
    Pregnancy-related deaths in four published perioperative mortality review reports were analysed. The aim is to look at the quality of surgical and anaesthetic services along with the perioperative care provided. The audit identified shortfalls in the logistic and support services and recommended remedial strategies. The review was conducted by a committee consisting of practising anaesthetists, surgeons and obstetricians who analysed the questionnaires collectively. A consensus was reached to categorise the death. There were 280 pregnancy-related deaths. Post-partum haemorrhage accounted for 31.8%, followed by hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (20.0% obstetric embolism (16.1%), sepsis (10.7%) and associated medical conditions (21.4%). In brief, there were comings in preoperative, intra-operative and post-operative care in some of the cases. Increased consultant input, clinical audit, improvements in monitoring and expansion of critical care facilities were the integral issues recommended.
  11. Achanna KS, Goh CS
    Med J Malaysia, 2003 Mar;58(1):128-30.
    PMID: 14556339
    A case of spontaneous rupture of uterine artery in the second trimester of pregnancy is described. Haemorrhage from rupture of uterine artery during pregnancy was discovered at laparotomy. This was an unusual but serious complication of pregnancy. This condition is extremely rare and one must consider it in cases of incomprehensible abdominal pain with or without haemodynamic collapse. A review of the literature revealed only four similar cases so far. This pregnancy continued till 37 weeks pregnancy and had a spontaneous vaginal delivery. Immediate institution of effective resuscitative measures and early surgical intervention were essential to both foetal and maternal survival.
  12. Achanna S, Monga D
    Med J Malaysia, 1995 Mar;50(1):37-41.
    PMID: 7752974
    The obstetric performance of 59 elderly primigravidae delivering at the University Hospital, Kelantan, between January 1, 1987 and December 12, 1988 is compared with that of 60 young primigravidae delivering during the same time period. The total number of deliveries during this period was 16,284, and the predominant ethnic group was Malays. Apart from an increased incidence of preeclampsia (23.7% vs. 13.3%), breech presentation (6.78% vs. 3.33%) and Caesarean sections (74.6% vs. 10%) among the study group, there were no other statistically significant obstetric complications. Majority of Caesarean sections were done as emergency procedures, the principal indications being poor progress of labour and foetal distress. The neonatal outcome (in terms of birthweight, gestational age and breastfeeding at discharge) was similar in the two groups. For most women in both groups this was the first marriage, though a higher proportion in the study group had an interval of more than two years between marriage and childbirth.
  13. Achanna S, Nanda J, Paramjothi P
    Med J Malaysia, 2021 05;76(3):390-394.
    PMID: 34031339
    INTRODUCTION: The debate surrounding the management of term breech presentation (BP) has resulted in the presence of a multitude of guidelines, reviews, and directives. The vaginal delivery of a breech baby requires sound obstetric skills since approximately 3-4% of babies at term are breech presentations. BP is the commonest of all malpresentations. However, expertise required to deliver breech babies vaginally has virtually disappeared. There is no convincing evidence that Caesarean Section (CS) is better than assisted vaginal delivery when conducted in appropriate settings, with experienced obstetricians and strict prevailing protocols. Unfortunately, planned vaginal breech delivery (VBD) is becoming an uncommon event. This has led to fewer opportunities for obstetric residents to master the skills of vaginal birth of breech presentations.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: The BP has always been a challenge for obstetricians, due to special skills required to deliver the breech safely. In addition, the immediate perinatal outcome, in terms of APGAR scores and acid-base status of the breech babies is of great concern. Thus, in 2000, in order to provide more evidence-based data, the Term Breech Trial (TBT) was published which compared the outcome of VBD with planned CS. In their 2003 Clinical Guideline, the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) recommended external cephalic version (ECV) for breech presentation at 36 weeks of gestation a ns elective CS if the procedure is declined or failed. The first edition, Green-top Guidelines by the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (RCOG) regarding the breech delivery was first published in 1999 and revised in 2001, 2006 (Nos. 20a and 20b) and March 2017. In 2020, the Guideline Committee meeting decided on a further revision and deferred the decision for further 3 years (2023). The aim of this Guideline is to aid decision making regarding the route of delivery and choice of various techniques used during delivery. In March 2005, the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (RANZCOG) issued a formal statement concerning breech delivery at term. Through their Committee on Obstetric Practice, the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) issued a Committee Opinion paper on "Mode of term singleton breech delivery" in 2006.

    RESULTS: Almost immediately, the medical community all over the world embraced the conclusions of the trial highlighting the superiority of outcomes in planned CS compared to VBD in terms of maternal, neonatal mortality and morbidity. Clinicians, in consultation with their patients, must make the final decisions regarding mode of breech delivery in the light of the updated clinical guidelines and committee opinions for a rational choice for the mode of delivery.

    CONCLUSION: There is a place for planned VBD, the prerequisites are: strict case selection, operator skills and vigilant intrapartum monitoring. Provision of basic skills training by utilizing birthing pelvic models and mannikins, hands-on practice of External Cephalic Version (ECV) in clinical settings, may result in larger reduction in the risk of CS.

  14. Adam BA, Ganesapillai T
    Med J Malaysia, 1995 May;50 Suppl A:S37-8.
    PMID: 10968012
  15. Adam BA
    Med J Malaysia, 1980 Jun;34(4):370-4.
    PMID: 7219266
    Two hundred and three patients with psoriasis, who attended the skin clinic were studied to identify the pattern of sporiasis. The incidence was 4%. It was more common in Indians than in the other ethnic groups and this was found to be statistically significant. Males were affected twice as common, 12.5% gave a positive family history, the lower limbs and the scalp were the commonest site, and pruritus was frequent. The pattern appears similar to those in the west.
    Study site: Skin clinic, University Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  16. Adam BA
    Med J Malaysia, 1982 Jun;37(2):110-3.
    PMID: 6215559
    Patients attending a referral Skin Clinic were studied to identify the spectrum of drug eruptions and the offending drugs. There were 51 patients with an incidence of five per thousand and equal sex incidence. Though the pattern of eruption was broadly similar to other reports, unusual reactions were observed. In addition to the skin manifestation, fever and lymphadenopathy were present in most patients. Raised erythrocyte sedimentation rate and eosinopoenia were commonly observed. Clinical acumen and the list of drugs ingested are still the best clues to the diagnosis ofdrug eruption.
    Study site: Skin clinic, University Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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