Displaying publications 61 - 80 of 780 in total

Abstract:
Sort:
  1. Fulltext Characteristics of visually impaired children in Low Vision Clinic in UKM. [Ciri kanak-kanak berpenglihatan terhad di Klinik Penglihatan Terhad UKM]
    Omar R, Knight VF, Mohammed Z, Tholasee GM
    Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia, 2007;5(1):37-45.
    MyJurnal
    While the prevalence of visually impaired children constitutes a small portion of the visually impaired population, it is important to determine whether the low vision services available are utilised by these children. This is important as previous studies have shown that children have a very high rate of successful low vision device use compared to adults. This was a cross sectional retrospective study. Fifty nine low vision clinic children records were evaluated. The results showed that 25.4% of the children were categorised as with moderate low vision, 30.5% with severe low vision and 40.7% were categorised as blind. The major causes of low vision were congenital cataract, congenital nystagmus, congenital glaucoma, macular degeneration and retinitis pigmentosa. Low vision rehabilitation for near work using magnifiers improved the vision of 30.5% of the low vision children. This finding suggests that 1/3 of low vision children could benefit from low vision rehabilitation. The low vision devices most commonly prescribed to the children in this study were stand magnifiers, hand-held magnifiers and spectacles. This study illustrates the key role of optometrists in the management of visual impairment in Malaysian children. It would appear that the establishment of low vision services in government hospitals using trained optometrists is a cost effective method of service delivery. Therefore more low vision children would have access to proper low vision rehabilitation and through that rehabilitation, their quality of life can be improved.
    Key words: children, low vision
    Study site: Klinik Penglihatan Terhad Pusat Perubatana, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
    Matched MeSH terms: Ambulatory Care Facilities
  2. Fulltext Metered-dose inhaler technique in asthmatic patients--a revisit of the Malaysian scene
    Loh LC, Teng CL, Teh PN, Koh CN, Vijayasingham P, Thayaparan T
    Med J Malaysia, 2004 Aug;59(3):335-41.
    PMID: 15727379
    Inefficient metered-dose inhaler (MDI) technique results in poor drug delivery, suboptimal disease control a possibility of inhaled medication overuse. The MDI technique of 134 government hospital and clinic followed-up adult asthmatic patients followed-up in a government hospital and a heath clinic was pragmatically assessed based on the 3 obligatory steps of adequate lip seal, appropriate hand-breath coordination and sufficient breath holding after inhalation. The relationship between technique efficiency and frequency of daily short-acting beta2-agonist (SABA) use via the MDI and asthma exacerbations over a 12-month period was also assessed. Fifty-six patients (42%) had inefficient MDI technique. All demographic and asthma-related variables between the 'efficient' and 'inefficient' technique groups of patients were comparable except for significantly longer mean years of MDI use in the 'efficient' technique group [mean (SD): 10 (7) vs. 7 (5); p=0.003]. There were no significant differences between the two groups in relation to frequency of daily SABA use or asthma exacerbations over the past 12 months. Despite having been available in Malaysia for a considerable period of time, the MDI device is still poorly handled by a large proportion of adult asthmatic patients. Changing to other more user-friendly devices or use of spacer devices to facilitate delivery should be considered for these patients.
    Study site: Hospital Tuanku Jaafar, Seremban, Negeri Sembilan; Klinik Kesihatan Seremban, Malaysia
    Matched MeSH terms: Ambulatory Care Facilities
  3. Fulltext Usefulness of newly acquired commercial dengue NSI antigen test kit for early detection of dengue in a general practice clinic in Batu Gajah, Perak
    Chan, S.C., Teoh, L.C.
    Asian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2018;1(1):1-8.
    MyJurnal
    The non-structural protein 1 (NS1) of the dengue viral genome has been found useful for diagnosis of acute dengue infections, being detected from one day and up to 18 days post onset of symptoms (1). Rapid Dengue NS1 antigen test was made available in commercial test kits for private clinics in Perak in 2014. This study aimed to determine the use usefulness of dengue NS1 test kits in suspected dengue cases in a general practice clinic in Perak and the period in which positive test results were obtained after the onset of symptoms. Clinic records of all suspected dengue cases seen in the ten months from October 2014 to July 2015 were traced. Patients’ demographic characteristics, presenting symptoms and the use of One Step Dengue NS1 Antigen test (Avo Diagnostics) were analyzed using SPSS version 17. Seventy one suspected dengue fever cases were seen in the study period, the highest number in July 2015 (25%). Majority were Chinese (80%), female (63%), and aged 40 years and above (51%). Most patients presented with fever (99%), body-ache (51%), gastrointestinal symptoms (51%) and headache (44%). Dengue NS1 antigen test was done in 94% of the suspected cases with 61% testing positive. The majority of the cases presenting one day to five days after onset of symptoms tested positive i.e. 59% (1 day), 90% (2 days), 54% (3-4 days) and 89% (5 days). Using dengue NS1 antigen test, positive results can be obtained as early as one day after the onset of symptoms. This test is a useful tool to aid primary care physicians detect dengue fever early.
    Matched MeSH terms: Ambulatory Care Facilities
  4. Fulltext Audit of hypertension in general practice
    Chan SC, Chandramani T, Chen TY, Chong KN, Harbaksh S, Lee TW, et al.
    Med J Malaysia, 2005 Oct;60(4):475-82.
    PMID: 16570710
    An audit of hypertension management was done in October 2004 in nine general practice (GP) clinics. Two structure, ten process and two outcome indicators were assessed. Results showed that targets were achieved in only four indicators, i.e., weight recording (89%), BP monitoring (85.8%), follow-up interval not exceeding 6 months (87.9%) and mean diastolic BP (73.9%). The other indicators (hypertension registry, reminder mechanisms for defaulters, recording of smoking, height, fundoscopy, monitoring of lipid profile, blood sugar, ECG, renal function and achievement of target mean systolic pressure) showed adequacy percentages varying from 22.1 to 68.7. Out of the 1260 patients assessed, 743 (59%) achieved a mean BP < or = 140/90 (or < or = 130/80 mmHg with diabetes mellitus / renal insufficiency) in the last 3 recorded readings. There was a vast difference between individual clinics. Reasons for not achieving targets were discussed and remedial measures for implementation were recommended.
    Matched MeSH terms: Ambulatory Care Facilities
  5. Fulltext Audit of diabetes mellitus in general practice
    Lee TW, Chan SC, Chua WT, Harbinder K, Khoo YL, Ow Yeang YL, et al.
    Med J Malaysia, 2004 Aug;59(3):317-22.
    PMID: 15727376 MyJurnal
    An audit on diabetic management was done in seven Perak general practice (GP) clinics in December 2001. The results showed inadequacies in nine out of eleven criteria assessed. Remedial measures were implemented. A second audit in March 2003, at the completion of the audit cycle, showed improvements in all the criteria used. All clinics established a diabetic register compared to 28.6% in the first audit and 57.1% of the clinics set up a reminder mechanism compared to 0% in the first audit. In the process of care, recording of weight, height, blood pressure; feet examination, fundoscopy, blood sugar monitoring and urine for albumin improved at the end of the audit cycle. In the only outcome criteria, the blood sugar control improved from 21.8% to 31.3%.
    Matched MeSH terms: Ambulatory Care Facilities
  6. Fulltext Circadian blood pressure profile and associated cardiovascular risk factors in non-dippers
    Siti Suhaila MY, Juwita S, Harmy MY, Tengku Alina TI
    International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2013;12(2):23-31.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Ambulatory blood pressure accurately reflects a patient's actual blood pressure than casual or office blood pressure. This study aims to describe the circadian blood pressure profile of hypertensive patients and to identify the associated cardiovascular risk factors in non-dippers.
    Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from 1st January 2008 to 30th June 2008 among hypertensive patients attending Family Medicine Clinic HUSM. Schiller BR-102 plus was used to get 24 hours blood pressure (BP) reading. Mean of two offices BP were also taken. Non-dippers are defined as a systolic or diastolic nocturnal drop of less than 10%. Analysis was done using SPSS Version 12.
    Results: 105 patients were recruited with mean (SD) age of 51.8 (9.34) year old. The mean (SD) 24-hour systolic and diastolic BP was 128.4 (12.7) mmHg and 79.7 (8.74) mmHg respectively. Mean (SD) daytime systolic and diastolic BP was 132.1 (11.72) mmHg and 82.4 (9.41) mmHg while for the night time were 123.3 (12.78) mmHg and 76.2 (9.01) mmHg. Mean (SD) systolic and diastolic office BP was 144.2(15.16) mmHg and 90.2(9.71) mmHg. Percentage of non dippers were 68.6% for systolic and 61.9% for diastolic.
    Conclusion: Mean 24 hours and daytime ambulatory BP was normal but the mean night time diastolic and office BP was above-normal value. Majority of the patients were categorized as non dippers. Therefore, using ambulatory BP is clinically important to get a better understanding of blood pressure fluctuations over 24-hour periods compared to simple clinical measurements.
    Study site: Family Medicine Clinic, Hospital Universiti Sains Malysia (HUSM), Kelantan, Malaysia
    Matched MeSH terms: Ambulatory Care Facilities
  7. Fulltext Cough and cold medication in children: a public health concern
    Norazida AR, Sivasampu S, Teng CL
    Med J Malaysia, 2014 Oct;69(5):219-23.
    PMID: 25638235 MyJurnal
    BACKGROUND: The indiscriminate use of cough and cold medicines (CCMs) in children has become a public health concern. The study evaluates the prescription pattern of CCMs in primary care setting.
    METHODS: Analysis of CCMs prescription data among children aged 12 years and below who had participated in the National Medical Care Survey (NMCS) 2010. Data was extracted from NMCS 2010, a cross-sectional survey on the primary healthcare service which was carried out from December 2009 to April 2010 in public and private primary care clinics in Malaysia.
    RESULT: Of 21,868 encounters for NMCS 2010, 3574 (16.3%) were children 12 years old and below; 597 (17%) were from public clinics and 2977 (83%) were from private clinics. Of these 3574 encounters, 1748 (49%) children were prescribed with CCM with total of 2402 CCMs. On average, CCMs were prescribed at a rate of 1.3 CCMs per encounter in public clinics and 1.4 CCMs per encounter in private clinics. CCMs containing single ingredient constituted 77% of the prescriptions while 23% were of multiple ingredient preparations. There were 556 (23%) CCMs prescribed to children younger than 2 years. Majority (65%) were prescribed with one CCM per visit, 32% received two CCMs and 3% of the children received three or more CCMs per visit.
    CONCLUSION: Prescription of CCMs to children is common. Prevalence of CCM prescriptions among young children is of concern, in view of concerns about the safety and adverse effects related to the use of CCMs in this age group. Firmer policies and greater effort is needed to monitor the prescriptions of CCMs to children.
    Matched MeSH terms: Ambulatory Care Facilities
  8. Fulltext Text messaging reminders to reduce non-attendance in chronic disease follow-up: a clinical trial
    Liew SM, Tong SF, Lee VK, Ng CJ, Leong KC, Teng CL
    Br J Gen Pract, 2009 Dec;59(569):916-20.
    PMID: 19712544 DOI: 10.3399/bjgp09X472250
    Non-attendance results in administrative problems and disruption in patient care. Several interventions have been used to reduce non-attendance, with varying degree of success. A relatively new intervention, text messaging, has been shown to be as effective as telephone reminders in reducing non-attendance. However, no study has looked specifically at using text messaging reminders to reduce non-attendance in chronic disease care.
    Matched MeSH terms: Ambulatory Care Facilities
  9. Fulltext The effect of "group detailing" on drug prescribing in primary care
    Mastura I, Teng CL
    Med J Malaysia, 2008 Oct;63(4):315-8.
    PMID: 19385492
    The quality of physician prescribing is suboptimal. Patients are at risk of potentially adverse reaction because of inappropriate or writing error in the drug prescriptions. We assess the effect of "group academic detailing" to reduce writing drug name using brand name and short form in the drug prescriptions in a controlled study at two primary health care clinics in Negeri Sembilan. Five medical officers in Ampangan Health Clinic received an educational intervention consisting of group academic detailing from the resident Family Medicine Specialist, as well as a drug summary list using generic names. The academic detailing focused on appropriate prescribing habit and emphasized on using the full generic drug name when writing the drug prescription. Analyses were based on 3371 prescriptions that were taken from two clinics. The other health clinic was for comparison. The prescribing rates were assessed by reviewing the prescriptions (two months each for pre- and post-intervention phase). Statistically significant reduction in writing prescription using brand name and using short form were observed after the educational intervention. Writing prescription using brand name for pre- and postintervention phase were 33.9% and 19.0% (postintervention vs pre-intervention RR 0.56, 95% CI 0.48 to 0.66) in the intervention clinic. Prescription writing using any short form for pre- and post-intervention phase were 49.2% and 29.2% (post-intervention vs pre-intervention RR 0.59, 95% CI 0.53 to 0.67). This low cost educational intervention focusing on prescribing habit produced an important reduction in writing prescription using brand name and short form. Group detailing appears to be feasible in the public health care system in Malaysia and possibly can be used for other prescribing issues in primary care.
    Matched MeSH terms: Ambulatory Care Facilities
  10. Fulltext The use of text messaging to improve attendance in primary care: a randomized controlled trial
    Leong KC, Chen WS, Leong KW, Mastura I, Mimi O, Sheikh MA, et al.
    Fam Pract, 2006 Dec;23(6):699-705.
    PMID: 16916871
    BACKGROUND: Non-attendance is common in primary care and previous studies have reported that reminders were useful in reducing broken appointments.
    OBJECTIVE: To determine the effectiveness of a text messaging reminder in improving attendance in primary care.
    DESIGN:
    Multicentre three-arm randomized controlled trial.
    SETTING: Seven primary care clinics in Malaysia. Participants. Patients (or their caregivers) who required follow-up at the clinics between 48 hours and 3 months from the recruitment date. Interventions. Two intervention arms consisted of text messaging and mobile phone reminders 24-48 hours prior to scheduled appointments. Control group did not receive any intervention. Outcome measures. Attendance rates and costs of interventions.
    RESULTS: A total of 993 participants were eligible for analysis. Attendance rates of control, text messaging and mobile phone reminder groups were 48.1, 59.0 and 59.6%, respectively. The attendance rate of the text messaging reminder group was significantly higher compared with that of the control group (odds ratio 1.59, 95% confidence interval 1.17 to 2.17, P = 0.005). There was no statistically significant difference in attendance rates between text messaging and mobile phone reminder groups. The cost of text messaging reminder (RM 0.45 per attendance) was lower than mobile phone reminder (RM 0.82 per attendance).
    CONCLUSIONS: Text messaging reminder system was effective in improving attendance rate in primary care. It was more cost-effective compared with the mobile phone reminder.
    Matched MeSH terms: Ambulatory Care Facilities
  11. Fulltext Primary care doctors' perceptions towards evidence-based medicine in Melaka State: a questionnaire study
    Chan GC, Teng CL
    Med J Malaysia, 2005 Jun;60(2):130-3.
    PMID: 16114151
    A cross sectional study using a self-administered questionnaire to determine the perceptions of primary care doctors towards evidence-based medicine (EBM) was conclucted in Melaka state. About 78% of the primary care doctors were aware of EBM and agreed it could improve patient care. Only 6.7% of them had ever conducted a Medline literature search. They had a low level of awareness of review publications and databases relevant to EBM; only about 33% of them were aware of the Cochrane Database of Systemic Reviews. Over half of the respondents had at least some understanding of the technical terms used in EBM. Ninety percent of the respondents had Internet access and the majority of them used it at home. The main barriers to practicing EBM were lack of personal time and lack of Internet access in the primary care clinics.
    Matched MeSH terms: Ambulatory Care Facilities
  12. Fulltext Rural health care in Malaysia
    Ariff KM, Teng CL
    Aust J Rural Health, 2002 Apr;10(2):99-103.
    PMID: 12047504 DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-1584.2002.00456.x
    Malaysia has a population of 21.2 million of which 44% resides in rural areas. A major priority of healthcare providers has been the enhancement of health of 'disadvantaged' rural communities particularly the rural poor, women, infants, children and the disabled. The Ministry of Health is the main healthcare provider for rural communities with general practitioners playing a complimentary role. With an extensive network of rural health clinics, rural residents today have access to modern healthcare with adequate referral facilities. Mobile teams, the flying doctor service and village health promoters provide healthcare to remote areas. The improvement in health status of the rural population using universal health status indicators has been remarkable. However, differentials in health status continue to exist between urban and rural populations. Malaysia's telemedicine project is seen as a means of achieving health for all rural people.
    Matched MeSH terms: Ambulatory Care Facilities
  13. Fulltext Mummy, it is itchy! (Cutaneous larva migrans)
    Teng CL
    Family Physician, 1997;10(1):25-27.
    Study site: Primary care clinic, University Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
    Matched MeSH terms: Ambulatory Care Facilities
  14. Fulltext Knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding atrial fibrillation among primary care physicians: the potential role of postgraduate training
    Ooi PC, Ramayah G, Omar SR, Rajadorai V, Nadarajah T, Ting CH, et al.
    Malays Fam Physician, 2021 Mar 25;16(1):39-49.
    PMID: 33948141 DOI: 10.51866/oa0002
    Introduction: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is known to lead to stroke and thromboembolism, causing a five-fold increase in the risk of stroke and almost doubling the mortality rate. Optimal anticoagulant therapy is effective in reducing AF-related death. However, prescription of anticoagulants in AF in East Asian countries has been low, ranging from 0.5% to 28%. This study aimed to determine whether vocational training in family medicine improves primary care physicians' knowledge, attitude, and practice in the management of AF.

    Method: This investigation was a cross-sectional study carried out during centralized workshops for two groups of trainees using a validated questionnaire: (i) junior trainees were newly enrolled postgraduate trainees in the Graduate Certificate in Family Medicine (GCFM) program, and (ii) senior trainees were postgraduate trainees in Advance Training in Family Medicine (ATFM) programs of the Academy of Family Physicians of Malaysia (AFPM).

    Results: A total of 223 trainees (127 junior and 96 senior) participated in this study. Only 55.2% of the trainees passed the knowledge test; senior trainees were more likely to pass the knowledge test compared to junior trainees (69.8% vs. 44.1%, p < 0.001). Female trainees were significantly more likely to pass the knowledge test than male trainees. While the attitude of senior and junior trainees was similar, more of the latter group worked in public clinic that provide better support where there is better support for outpatient anticoagulation treatment (e.g., same-day INR test, direct access echocardiogram, and warfarin in in-house pharmacy).

    Conclusion: Vocational training in family medicine appears to improve primary care physicians' knowledge regarding the management of AF. Better knowledge will help vocationally trained primary care physicians to provide anticoagulation treatment for AF within primary care clinics. More optimal AF management within primary care can take place if the identified barriers are addressed and a shared care plan can be implemented.

    Matched MeSH terms: Ambulatory Care Facilities
  15. Fulltext Discordance between medication adherence and blood pressure control in primary care clinics in Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia: The problem of therapeutic inertia
    Chan CW, Wang J, Bouniu JJ, Singh P, Teng CL
    International e-Journal of Science, Medicine & Education, 2015;9(3):27-32.
    MyJurnal
    Poor adherence to anti-hypertensive agents may be a major contributor for suboptimal blood pressure control among patients with hypertension. This study was conducted to assess the adherence to antihypertensive agents using Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8) among primary care patients, and to determine whether the blood pressure control is associated with the level of adherence.
    Matched MeSH terms: Ambulatory Care Facilities
  16. Fulltext The role of human Metapneumovirus genetic diversity and nasopharyngeal viral load on symptom severity in adults
    Oong XY, Chook JB, Ng KT, Chow WZ, Chan KG, Hanafi NS, et al.
    Virol J, 2018 05 23;15(1):91.
    PMID: 29792212 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-018-1005-8
    BACKGROUND: Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is established as one of the causative agents of respiratory tract infections. To date, there are limited reports that describe the effect of HMPV genotypes and/or viral load on disease pathogenesis in adults. This study aims to determine the role of HMPV genetic diversity and nasopharyngeal viral load on symptom severity in outpatient adults with acute respiratory tract infections.
    METHODS: Severity of common cold symptoms of patients from a teaching hospital was assessed by a four-category scale and summed to obtain the total symptom severity score (TSSS). Association between the fusion and glycoprotein genes diversity, viral load (quantified using an improved RT-qPCR assay), and symptom severity were analyzed using bivariate and linear regression analyses.
    RESULTS: Among 81/3706 HMPV-positive patients, there were no significant differences in terms of demographics, number of days elapsed between symptom onset and clinic visit, respiratory symptoms manifestation and severity between different HMPV genotypes/sub-lineages. Surprisingly, elderly patients (≥65 years old) had lower severity of symptoms (indicated by TSSS) than young and middle age adults (p = 0.008). Nasopharyngeal viral load did not correlate with nor predict symptom severity of HMPV infection. Interestingly, at 3-5 days after symptom onset, genotype A-infected patients had higher viral load compared to genotype B (4.4 vs. 3.3 log10 RNA copies/μl) (p = 0.003).
    CONCLUSIONS: Overall, HMPV genetic diversity and viral load did not impact symptom severity in adults with acute respiratory tract infections. Differences in viral load dynamics over time between genotypes may have important implications on viral transmission.
    Study site: Primary Care Clinic, University of Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
    Matched MeSH terms: Ambulatory Care Facilities
  17. Fulltext Audit of diabetes in Perak outpatient departments
    Chan SC, Tan OH, Tee AS
    Med J Malaysia, 1997 Dec;52(4):382-9.
    PMID: 10968115
    Adequacy of diabetic management in 5 Perak outpatient departments was studied in April 1996. Two hundred diabetic patients' records were analysed. All doctors and 100 patients answered questionnaires on diabetes. Fifty five percent of doctors had adequate knowledge. Patients' knowledge varied between centres (13% to 80% adequacy). Most records had insufficient data to determine adequacy of early detection. Centres with screeners had adequate weight and blood pressure measurement. Overall control and monitoring of diabetes were inadequate. Referral of complications were delayed in 2 centres. Refresher courses for doctors, patient health education, protocols, screeners and physician visits are recommended.
    Study site: Klinik kesihatan, outpatient clinics, hospitals, Perak, Malaysia
    Matched MeSH terms: Ambulatory Care Facilities
  18. Fulltext Parental knowledge, attitudes and antibiotic use for acute upper respiratory tract infection in children attending a primary healthcare clinic in Malaysia
    Chan GC, Tang SF
    Singapore Med J, 2006 Apr;47(4):266-70.
    PMID: 16572235
    INTRODUCTION: A study was carried out in a primary healthcare clinic in the Hulu Langat district of Malaysia to assess the parental knowledge, attitudes and antibiotic use for common childhood acute upper respiratory tract infection (URTI).
    METHODS: A cross-sectional study involving 421 parents, who were surveyed by using an interviewer-administered questionnaire, from April to June 2001.
    RESULTS: Approximately 59 percent of parents from this study believed that weather was the main cause of acute URTI of their children, 13 percent thought it was due to food, and only about 27 percent said it was caused by germs. Nearly 68 percent, 69 percent and 76 percent of them believed that antibiotics was helpful in treating the common cold, cough and fever, respectively. 29 percent of parents who thought that their child with acute URTI needed antibiotics were not prescribed with any. On the other hand, 17 percent believed that antibiotics were unnecessary when prescribed. 28 percent of parents had requested for antibiotics, and 93 percent received what they requested for their child with acute URTI. About 31 percent of parents who did not request any antibiotics claimed that private general practitioners habitually prescribed antibiotics. The antibiotic compliance was poor with only 74 percent completing the entire course, with 85 percent of them stopping once they improved symptomatically. 15 percent of parents gave "leftover" antibiotics, 24 percent gave "shared" antibiotics, and 5.5 percent bought antibiotics for their child with acute URTI without consulting a doctor.
    CONCLUSION: This study shows that parents often have inadequate knowledge and misconceptions on antibiotic use for acute URTI in children. Improved parental education may reduce unnecessary antibiotic prescription and antimicrobial resistance in the community.
    Study site: Klinik Kesihatan Batu 9, Hulu Langat, Selangor, Malaysia
    Matched MeSH terms: Ambulatory Care Facilities/utilization*
  19. Treatment of Type 2 diabetes mellitus in Chongqing of China: unaffordable care for the poor
    Long Q, He M, Tang X, Allotey P, Tang S
    Diabet Med, 2017 01;34(1):120-126.
    PMID: 27472098 DOI: 10.1111/dme.13193
    AIM: This study aims to investigate the medical expenditure of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Chongqing, China; to explore factors that contribute to the expenditure; and to examine the financial burden placed on households, particularly poor households.
    METHODS: A cross sectional survey was conducted with a sample of people diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes mellitus in 2014. Of the 664 people eligible, 76% were interviewed. Descriptive statistics and log-linear regression were used to examine respondents' age, sex and level education, location of residence, income and type of health insurance associated with out-of-pocket expenditure on accessing diabetes mellitus care.
    RESULTS: In a year, average out-of-pocket expenditure on the purchase of drugs from pharmacies and having outpatient care were US $333 and US $310, respectively. The average out-of-pocket expenditure on accessing inpatient care was 3.7 times (US $1159) that of accessing outpatient care. After adjusting for age and sex, out-of-pocket expenditure on diabetes care was significantly higher for people covered by the Urban Employee Basic Medical Insurance programme and those enrolled in the identified priority diseases reimbursement programme, which provided higher reimbursement rates for outpatient and (or) inpatient care. Out-of-pocket expenditures on the purchase of drugs from pharmacies, having outpatient and inpatient care, respectively, were 9.8%, 16.2% and 62.6% of annual household income in low-income group.
    CONCLUSION: Even with health insurance coverage, poor people with Type 2 diabetes mellitus suffered from significant financial hardship. This has significant implications for models of care and healthcare financing in China with the growing burden of diabetes.
    Study site: Township or community health centres, Chongqing, China
    Matched MeSH terms: Ambulatory Care Facilities
  20. Fulltext An audit of type 2 diabetes care in a Malaysian public community polyclinic
    Chew BH, Palikat JM, Nur Syamimi A, Nor Azillah A, See JK, Hafiz AR, et al.
    Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology, 2012;20(1):97-102.
    MyJurnal
    Adequate and proper diabetes care in any practice is paramount and deems to be the fundamental requirement for good diabetes control. This is an audit of type 2 diabetes care process in a public Polyclinic, with the objectives of studying the quality of diabetic care provided in terms of clinical and managerial performance and also to give recommendations on improving its diabetes care delivery. The audit was done on patients' medical records selected via systematic random sampling. Patients who have been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus for more than 2 years, and those who have come for follow-up at least twice in between 1st October 2008 and 30th September 2009 by the medical officer and/or family medicine specialist. Patients with gestational diabetes mellitus and Type 1 diabetes mellitus were excluded. A total of 100 medical records were audited. 51% were female and 82% were in the 40-69 age group. Measurements of blood glucose and blood pressure were done at each follow-up at the polyclinic at 96% and 93% of the times, respectively. Within the past one year, HbA1c was performed in 46% of the patients, while renal profile was screened in 66% of the patients and urine protein was tested in 59% of the diabetics. Only 15% had their eyes screened by fundus camera. The diabetes care process at this public polyclinic was unsatisfactory, as many annual blood tests were not done and complications screening were also omitted. Thus, an urgent intervention is recommend in order to rectify these inadequacies.
    Matched MeSH terms: Ambulatory Care Facilities
Related Terms
Filters
Contact Us

Please provide feedback to Administrator (afdal@afpm.org.my)

External Links