Displaying publications 61 - 80 of 1497 in total

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  1. Li Tsu Chong, Deena Clare Thomas, Renie Martha Joanes, Rose A Nain
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Phlebitis may localise to the insertion site or travel along the vein. The risk of phlebitis is higher in children as they have thin and weak blood vessels and move continuously due to the pain associated with insertion. Therefore, regular assessment of the risk of developing phlebitis is crucial. This review aimed to identify infusion phlebitis assessment tool used in the paediatric setting. Methods: Electronic databases used were Scopus, ProQuest, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. A total of ten studies which assess the development of infusion phlebitis on hos- pitalised children included in this reviewed. Study findings were discussed and concluded with a recommendation for clinical practice and future studies. Results: Phlebitis development rate was the primary outcome measures in ten studies. Of ten studies, six provided no actual definition of phlebitis. Eight reported phlebitis incidence and/or severity, eight used a scale and two used a definition alone in assessing the development of phlebitis. This review identified five different phlebitis assessment scales. Conclusion: Although there are applicable phlebitis scales can be used for paediatric setting, Limited studies have been conducted on infusion phlebitis assessment method in chil- dren. Therefore, it is suggested that more studies and vigorous test needed to identify applicable assessment tools in paediatric setting.
    Matched MeSH terms: Incidence
  2. Ooi HS, Viswanathan S, Botross NP, Eow GB, Chin YT, Kanesalingam R, et al.
    Neurol India, 2020 8 30;68(4):850-855.
    PMID: 32859827 DOI: 10.4103/0028-3886.293469
    Background: The association between appendectomy and multiple sclerosis (MS) is unknown. In this study, we explored the association between appendectomy and MS and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD).

    Patients and Methods: MS and NMOSD patients older than 40 were identified from neurology records from hospitals in Malaysia. The diagnoses were based on the Revised McDonald (2010) and Wingerchuk (2015) criteria. Controls were sampled from Malaysia's normal population. Individuals were interviewed telephonically or face-to-face. The age inclusion criterion (over 40) differentiated high or low lifetime risk of appendicitis, as appendicitis incidence is rare after 40.

    Results: 49 MS, 71 NMOSD, and 880 controls met the inclusion criteria. Seventy-two individuals (9 MS, 4 NMOSD, 59 control) had undergone appendectomy. Appendectomy rates were 18.37% in the MS group (95% CI 7.5-29.2%), 5.6% in the NMOSD group (0.3%, 11%), and 6.7% among controls (5.1%, 8.4%), (MS vs NMOSD P = 0.036, MS vs controls P = 0.007). Binary regression analysis showed that MS was an independent risk factor for appendectomy (OR 2.938, 95% CI 1.302, 6.633, P = 0.009). NMOSD showed no association with appendectomy.

    Conclusion: MS is positively associated with appendectomy, unlike ulcerative colitis, which is negatively associated. We hypothesize that there is a commonality in the microflora in persons who have had these two illnesses.

    Matched MeSH terms: Incidence
  3. Jue Tao L, Dickens BSL, Yinan M, Woon Kwak C, Ching NL, Cook AR
    J R Soc Interface, 2020 07;17(168):20200340.
    PMID: 32693746 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2020.0340
    Dengue is hyper-endemic in Singapore and Malaysia, and daily movement rates between the two countries are consistently high, allowing inference on the role of local transmission and imported dengue cases. This paper describes a custom built sparse space-time autoregressive (SSTAR) model to infer and forecast contemporaneous and future dengue transmission patterns in Singapore and 16 administrative regions within Malaysia, taking into account connectivity and geographical adjacency between regions as well as climatic factors. A modification to forecast impulse responses is developed for the case of the SSTAR and is used to simulate changes in dengue transmission in neighbouring regions following a disturbance. The results indicate that there are long-term responses of the neighbouring regions to shocks in a region. By computation of variable inclusion probabilities, we found that each region's own past counts were important to describe contemporaneous case counts. In 15 out of 16 regions, other regions case counts were important to describe contemporaneous case counts even after controlling for past local dengue transmissions and exogenous factors. Leave-one-region-out analysis using SSTAR showed that dengue transmission counts could be reconstructed for 13 of 16 regions' counts using external dengue transmissions compared to a climate only approach. Lastly, one to four week ahead forecasts from the SSTAR were more accurate than baseline univariate autoregressions.
    Matched MeSH terms: Incidence
  4. Faidzal, O., Azmi, M.N., Kalavathi, R.
    MyJurnal
    Squamous cell carcinoma of the rectum is a very rare malignancy. In the literature, the incidence has been reported as 0.25 to 0.1 per 10000 colorectal carcinomas. Due to its rarity, the treatment and behavior of this tumor have only been discussed in case reports. As a result, several theories regarding their pathogenesis have been proposed. We will describe our experience in managing this rare malignancy in a 69-year-old man who presented with altered bowel habit. Surgery remains the mainstay of treatment. Issues regarding additional treatment have been presented in the literature. The rarity of this tumour also raises issues regarding criteria for diagnosis which we will try to highlight and discuss.
    Matched MeSH terms: Incidence
  5. Fathinul Fikri, A.S., Abdul Jalil Nordin
    MyJurnal
    The incidence of ureteric calculus as a cause for severe abdominal pain in children is mounting, especiallyin the tropical country. The course of illness may be non-specific but a swift detection via non-invasiveimaging modalities singly or in combination may avert unnecessary radiation hazard and futile surgery ina young child. In this paper, we discussed a case of an 11 year-old boy who was presented with a suddenonset of the right side severe abdominal colic whose a bedside ultrasound was positive for hydronephrosisfor which localisation of stone was further confirmed via a low dose limited intravenous urography (IVU).It is important to note that data available on the value of a combined ultrasound and the limited IVU inan emergency setting when urolithiais is being suspected in children with abdominal pain are particularlyscarce. Hence, this case documented the potential value of a combined ultrasound and a limited IVUstudy as a unique combined armamentarium used in a suspected childhood urolithiasis in the tropics.
    Matched MeSH terms: Incidence
  6. Umi Kalthum, M.N.
    Medicine & Health, 2012;7(1):57-61.
    MyJurnal
    Dengue fever is a common pyrexial-viral infection in the Asian region and the incidence is increasing yearly. There are various ocular manifestations of dengue fever such as maculopathy, retinal hemorrhages, retinal lesions and vasculitis. Reduction in visual acuity and other visual disturbances such as metamorphopsia is the most common presentation of dengue-associated maculopathy. We report an interesting case of a young lady with bilateral maculopathy secondary to dengue fever who was managed conservatively with dramatic visual improvements. This case highlights the possibility of bilateral and simultaneous ocular involvements in patients infected with dengue fever. Both ophthalmologists and physicians need to be aware of ocular complications following dengue fever and advice patients regarding the symptoms.
    Matched MeSH terms: Incidence
  7. Khoo, C. C. H., Amber Haseeb, Vivek Ajit Singh
    Malays Orthop J, 2014;8(2):14-21.
    MyJurnal
    Cannulated screw fixation is a widely accepted surgical method for management of fractures of the neck of femur especially in patients with poor premorbid conditions, minimally displaced fractures and those from a younger age group. A five year retrospective study was carried out in 53 consecutive patients between 2006 to 2010 to determine the pattern of injuries, management, outcomes and the associated predictive factors.All the patients underwent cannulated screw fixation, with 37 (69.8%) having had surgery within 24 hours and the remaining 16 (30.2%) 24 hours after the initial injury. All patients were followed up to union of fractures and complications thereafter if any. Good outcome was observed in 43 (81.1%) patients leaving only 10 (18.9%) patients with a poor outcome, of whom nine developed avascular necrosis (90%) and one non-union (10%). We found no significant relationship between the incidence of avascular necrosis and age of patient, fracture displacement, numbers of cannulated screws used, fracture reduction acceptability and anatomical location of the fracture. The time interval from injury to surgery and the presence of posterior comminution did seem to influence the rate of avascular necrosis but due to the small number of patients, was not statistically significant.We conclude that cannulated screw fixation is a viable option of treatment for fractures of the neck of femur.
    Matched MeSH terms: Incidence
  8. Jia TY, Gurmeet S, Asni A, Ramanathan R
    Malays Orthop J, 2015 Mar;9(1):14-17.
    PMID: 28435589 MyJurnal DOI: 10.5704/MOJ.1503.016
    Bone graft is essential in various orthopaedic procedures. Among the many donor sites for harvesting autologous bone graft, the iliac crest has been the most commonly used. However, for foot and ankle procedures the proximal tibia has gained popularity as an alternative donor site due to its anatomic proximity to the primary surgical site. In this article we evaluated the possible complications associated with harvesting proximal tibia bone graft. Our study showed the low incidence of morbidity in harvesting proximal tibia bone graft, thereby providing a good alternative donor for foot and ankle procedures.
    Matched MeSH terms: Incidence
  9. Wan Faiziah Wan Abdul Rahman, Nur Asyilla Che Jalil, Irfan Mohamad, Mohd Khairi Md Daud
    MyJurnal
    Hamartomatous polyps of the tonsil are very rare. They have been described using various terms such as a lymphangiomatous polyp, lymphangiectatic fibrous polyp, lipomatous polyp or pedunculated tonsil, thus the actual incidence is difficult to be quantified. We present a case of hamartomatous polyp of the palatine tonsil in a 30-year-old female presented with recurent tonsillitis. Histopathological examination of the resected tonsils showed features of chronic tonsilitis with incidental finding of hamartomatous polyp characterized by a polypoidal tissue covered by stratified squamous epithelium and composed of thin-walled blood vessels, lymphatic channels, fibrofatty tissues, seromucinous glands and striated muscle fibres. An unusual incidental histopathological finding of a rare condition has been discussed along with the review of literature.
    Matched MeSH terms: Incidence
  10. Masitah, M., Nor Aini, M.N., Mas Ayu, S.
    JUMMEC, 2008;11(2):53-58.
    MyJurnal
    The state of Selangor, Malaysia, is facing a significant rise in the number of malaria cases with the incidence varying from 20 to 90 per 100,000 persons in a population. A study was carried out to describe the distribution of malaria cases in relation to the growing number of foreign workers in Selangor. Data were reviewed using the return forms "PBV (M) 101", a summary of malaria cases in Selangor for 2006 and Annual Reports of Vector-Borne Disease Control Unit, Selangor State Department for 2001- 2005. The malaria cases in Selangor varied between 172 cases in 2001 and 90 cases in 2006. Most of the cases were contributed by foreign workers, who were predominantly male of economically active age group and came from malaria endemic countries. Most of these cases were concentrated in the urban districts. Malaria is still endemic in Selangor. Malarial infection has the potential of contributing to an urban outbreak of malaria.
    Matched MeSH terms: Incidence
  11. Muttalib, A., Zaidi, M., Khoo, C.
    Malays Orthop J, 2009;3(2):8-11.
    MyJurnal
    The aim of this descriotive study is to determine the incidence of injuries among recreational badminton players. We evaluated 86 recreational badminton players in the city of Malacca; 35 were excluded for fitting the exclusion criteria. The average recreational badminton player was 36.13 years old and had been playing badminton for the past 17.84 years at a frequency of 2.11 times per week. 39.21% of the recreational badminton players complained of recent injuries in relation to playing badminton. Our data showed that the most common injury sustained by recreational badminton players was pain and stiffness at the shoulder joint. None of the injuries sustained by the players in our data were serious enough to warrant any form of surgical intervention. We conclude that badminton is a sport of relatively low risk and that the majority of related injuries were chronic overuse injuries.
    Matched MeSH terms: Incidence
  12. INGHAM FJ, REED TA
    J R Army Med Corps, 1959 Oct;105:182-6.
    PMID: 13852827
    Matched MeSH terms: Incidence
  13. Wan Mansor, H., Wan Mohd. Sulaili, W.S., Khalid, Y., Hamzah, A.M., Abdul Haris, M., Hani, M.H., et al.
    MyJurnal
    A study was conducted in Kelantan, Mabysia, in the year 2001 , to assess the typhoid reporting coverage and timeliness, and to estimate the annual incidence. Cases were persons given the diagnosis of typhoid clinically, and conhrmed cases are those with positive laboratory results. In all, 174/252 (69%) cases (95% CI = 63%-75%) were reported, ofwhich 89/131 (83%) within 7 days of diagnosis. The estimated annual typhoid incidence in Kelantan is 37/ 1 00,000.
    Matched MeSH terms: Incidence
  14. Nurhayati, A., Aida Hani, M.K., Nik Muhd Aslan, A., Reena Rahayu, M.Z., Ani Amelia, Z.
    MyJurnal
    Gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GIST) is extremely rare with reported incidence of 20 per million per year. It is the most common mesenchymal tumour of the gastrointestinal tract. When it occurs at the pelvis in a female patient, it can be misleading to a gynaecological diagnosis. Non gynaecological diagnosis such as GIST must be considered in patients with pelvic mass presenting with atypical symptoms.
    Matched MeSH terms: Incidence
  15. Norzaida Abas, Rafidah Mohd Shamsuddin, Noor Shazwani Osman, Syafrina Abd. Halim
    MyJurnal
    Dengue fever is an endemic disease in many tropical and subtropical regions. In
    Malaysia, it is the leading public health challenge despite the extensive intervention
    programs by the related authorities. Distribution of dengue cases in Malaysia varies
    according to states and districts where cases are more distinct in urban and suburban
    areas. Preparedness strategies of dengue cases could be more successful with some
    comprehensive and technical analysis on disease incidences. Hence, the present study
    analyses dengue cases using mathematical modelling in the state of Penang, one of the
    more urbanised state. In particular, two time series models are fitted to the dengue
    data from the region in order to identify the mathematical model that best describe
    the data. Results show that both proposed models are able to represent the cases
    rather well; however numerical inspection revealed that Double Exponential
    Smoothing method is the better choice. Subsequently, the identified model is used to
    make forecasting on the number of expected cases. Results show that dengue cases in
    Penang are expected to increase gradually.
    Matched MeSH terms: Incidence
  16. Sumaiyah Jamaludin @ Thandar Soe, Muhammad Allif Zakaria
    MyJurnal
    Accidental injuries are one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality
    worldwide. Approximately 1.25 million lives are cut short because of road traffic
    accident every year. As the incidences of emergencies is steadily increasing in recent
    years, it is important to ensure that individuals are adequately trained to deal with such
    events including university students. First aid is given to preserve life and minimize the
    consequences of injury and illness until help is obtained from health care practitioners.
    This study aimed to assess the level of knowledge, awareness and attitude related to
    first aid among IIUM Kuantan campus students. (Copied from article).
    Matched MeSH terms: Incidence
  17. Shareif Alan, Mohammed Subhi
    MyJurnal
    The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of torus palatinus and torus
    mandibularis in Malaysians. The objectives are to evaluate the incidence of tori according to
    ethnicity, to assess the incidence of tori according to gender and to determine the incidence of
    torus palatinus vs torus mandibularis. (Copied from article).
    Matched MeSH terms: Incidence
  18. Sharkawi MA, Zulfarina SM, Aqilah-SN SMZ, Isa NM, Sabarul AM, Nazrun AS
    MyJurnal
    Hip fractures cases are common in elderly population. After a hip fracture, around 80% of patients were unable to carry out at least one independent activity of daily living (ADL). This review attempted to provide an evidence-based literature on ADL of elderly hip fracture patients. A computerised literature search using Medline (OVID) and Scopus databases were conducted to identify relevant studies on ADL of elderly hip fracture patients that was assessed with Katz ADL score. Only articles that fulfilled the inclusion criteria were included in this review. Initial search identified 314 potentially relevant articles but after careful screening, only 5 full-text articles were selected for the present review. Three studies showed an increase dependent level of the patients’ ADL after hip fractures. Two studies showed not more than half of the patients were unable to regain their pre-fracture ADL level after one year of hip fracture incidence. Feeding/eating showed the highest independent activity while bathing was the lowest independent activity among patients. In conclusion, elderly hip fracture patients have declined ADL with the risk that they may never regain their pre-fracture ADL level.
    Matched MeSH terms: Incidence
  19. Lim KG
    Med J Malaysia, 2018 06;73(3):180.
    PMID: 29962505
    No abstract provided.
    Matched MeSH terms: Incidence
  20. Md Zain F, Hong JYH, Wu LL, Harun F, Rasat R, Jalaludin MY, et al.
    Citation: Annual Report of the Diabetes in Children & Adolescent Registry (DiCARE) 2006-2007. Kuala Lumpur: Clinical Research Centre; 2008

    The objective of Diabetes in Children and Adolescents Registry (DiCARE) under the Ministry of Health (MOH) is to collect information about diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents in Malaysia. This is important in estimating the incidence of diabetes mellitus among children and adolescents and at the same time evaluating the risk factors and the management. The registry aims to evaluate the efficiency and effectiveness of health care among the young diabetics and the health economics of diabetes. The issues related to diabetes care can be looked into and solved when the patients are still young, with the hope that they will become knowledgeable adults who can reasonably handle their diabetes well and thus decrease the long term complications. This information is deemed important in assisting the MOH, Non-Governmental Organizations, healthcare providers and industries in the planning and evaluation of diabetes mellitus prevention and control.
    Matched MeSH terms: Incidence
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