Displaying publications 61 - 80 of 276 in total

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  1. Fulltext The effect of different jubah dress’ materials on image quality using computed radiography (CR) on Knee X-Ray: a bovine study
    Umi Nadrah Amran, Nur Nadiah Mohd Rais
    International Journal of Allied Health Sciences, 2018;2(2):292-303.
    MyJurnal
    In medical imaging practice, the act of removing any clothes from the region of interest is justified as to prevent the presence of artefacts on radiographs. However, by doing so, the ‘aurah’ of the patients, especially for the Muslims, are not observed and can be considered as violating their privacy if they are not well-informed beforehand. Previous studies have proved that radiographs with the presence of some fabric materials on the region of interest are radiographically acceptable. Therefore, the aims of this study are to tackle the issue of exposing one’s ‘aurah’ for a knee x-ray examination to take place and also to add insufficiency from the previous studies.
    Matched MeSH terms: X-Rays
  2. Fulltext Image quality and radiation dose comparison in medium and high kilovoltage for digital pa chest radiography
    Moey, Soo-Foon, Nur Farah Hani Muhd Jaafar, Nursyahirah Saidin
    International Journal of Allied Health Sciences, 2019;3(4):954-966.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Various medium and high tube potentials were utilized to conduct chest x-rays. There
    are advantages and disadvantages with regards to image quality and radiation dose when using
    medium and high kilovoltage (kVp) technique. However, radiographers have misconstrued
    understanding pertaining to the choice of tube potential as well as grid usage when performing chest radiography. Methods: The experimental study was conducted using the PBU-50 phantom by exposing it with medium kVp utilizing grid and non-grid as well as high kVp with grid. All images obtained were evaluated using the modified evaluation criteria for PA chest established by the Commission of European Communities, 1996 whilst the dose area product (DAP) was determined using the Dose Area Product (DAP) meter. The value obtained from the DAP meter was converted to entrance surface dose (ESD) usingCALDOSE_X5.0 software and mathematical formula. Results: The Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test indicated a significant difference in ESD when using medium and high kVp; Z= -2.666, p
    Matched MeSH terms: X-Rays
  3. Fulltext Assessment of blurring effect and its associated factors by using imagej: a multiparameter double holes contrast-detail phantom study
    Nur Farahana Pauzi, Zafri Azran Abdul Majid, Wan Muhamad Nasuha Wan Hussin, Abdul Halim Sapuan, Mohd Zulfaezal Che Azemin
    International Journal of Allied Health Sciences, 2017;1(2):107-119.
    MyJurnal
    X-ray is produced in form of divergent beam. The beam divergence results to blurring effect that influences image diagnosis. Thus, the blurring effect assessment should be enrolled within the quality control (QC) program of an imaging unit.
    Matched MeSH terms: X-Rays
  4. Fulltext Investigation of different exposure settings for image quality and entrance skin dose
    Nurshuhada Ali, Zafri Azran Abdul Majid, Mohd Syahriman Mohd Azmi
    International Journal of Allied Health Sciences, 2018;2(2):329-338.
    MyJurnal
    The ideal imaging system that is providing a good quality image of minimal radiation dose. There are many parameters that influenced image quality and radiation dose on clinical radiography. This study has identified some of the problems whereby there are practitioners do not select the proper size of image receptor (IR) and collimation during the examination. The re-usable of the IR and imaging plate also need to be concerned whether multiple exposures may affect the image
    quality or not. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of different exposure settings; kVp, mAs, collimation field sizes and different IR’ sizes for image quality and radiation dose. Methods: The wall-mounted x-ray machine act as a sources of radiation which exposed the acrylic cylinder that placed over the IR. The examination is repeated with different kVp, mAs, collimation field sizes and IR’s sizes. The source to image distance (SID) is fixed to 100 cm distance and put Nano dot dosimeter similar level with the top of acrylic to measure the dose. The result analysed by using software ImageJ to measure the Contrast to Noise Ratio (CNR). Results: The percentage of CNR1 and CNR2 reduced as the kVp is increased from (CNR1=77.25, CNR2=64.45), (CNR1=73.47, CNR2=61.22) and (CNR1=62.80, CNR2=57.32) for 50 kVp, 75 kVp and 100 kVp respectively and fluctuate when mAs increased. The CNR and entrance skin dose (ESD) shows higher when x-ray beam collimate according to IR’s size. Conclusions: Overall, the manipulative effect of exposure settings on image quality and ESD shows some positive results. The result also shows inconsistent readings in the CNR and ESD. The percentage of CNR decreased when kVp increases and slightly fluctuate when mAs increased. The ESD reading depicts higher when the kVp and mAs increase as well as when x-ray beam collimated according to IR’s sizes.
    Matched MeSH terms: X-Rays
  5. Fulltext Model of a critical size defect in the New Zealand white rabbit’s tibia
    Che Nor Zarida Che Seman, Zamzuri Zakaria
    International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2018;17(1):13-18.
    MyJurnal
    Critical size defects (CSD) in the long bones of New Zealand White rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) have been used for years as an experimental model for investigation of the effectiveness of a new bone substitute material. There are varieties of protocols available in the literature. This technical note attempts to present an alternative surgical technique of a CSD in the New Zealand white rabbit tibia. Methods: Thirty-nine New Zealand White rabbits were used in this study. A CSD of approximately 4.5 mm (width) X 9.0 mm (length) was surgically drilled at the proximal tibial metaphysis, approximately 1 cm from the knee joint. The surrounding of soft tissue was repositioned and sutured layer by layer with bioabsorbable surgical suture. Two x-rays of anteroposterior and lateral were taken before assessed under computed tomography scan at 6, 12 and 24 weeks. Results: This alternative method created CSD with less bleeding from the muscle observed. No mortality or other surgical complications observed within 6 weeks, 12 weeks and 24 weeks following surgery. Conclusion: A simple and safe method for performing CSD was demonstrated and recommended as an alternative approach for surgery on New Zealand White rabbits.
    Matched MeSH terms: X-Rays
  6. Fulltext An experiment of using x-ray microtomography (XMT) to study the depth of bonding agent penetration into dentinal tubules
    Norzaiti Mohd Kenali
    International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2017;16(21):60-60.
    MyJurnal
    This is a novel study of the depth of penetration of bonding agents (BA) by using a
    miniaturised CT-scan, XMT.The Linear Attenuation Coefficient describes the fraction of a beam of
    x-rays or gamma rays that is absorbed or scattered per unit thickness of the absorber. The higher
    the LAC, the more opaque the image is. (Copied from article).
    Matched MeSH terms: X-Rays
  7. N-O, carboxymethyl chitosan enhanced scaffold porosity and biocompatibility under e-beam irradiation at 50 kGy
    Lee SY, Kamarul T
    Int J Biol Macromol, 2014 Mar;64:115-22.
    PMID: 24325858 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.11.039
    In this study, a chitosan co-polymer scaffold was prepared by mixing poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), NO, carboxymethyl chitosan (NOCC) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) solutions to obtain desirable properties for chondrocyte cultivation. Electron beam (e-beam) radiation was used to physically cross-link these polymers at different doses (30 kGy and 50 kGy). The co-polymers were then lyophilized to form macroporous three-dimensional (3-D) matrix. Scaffold morphology, porosity, swelling properties, biocompatibility, expression of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and type II collagen following the seeding of primary chondrocytes were studied up to 28 days. The results demonstrate that irradiation of e-beam at 50 kGy increased scaffold porosity and pore sizes subsequently enhanced cell attachment and proliferation. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy revealed extensive interconnected microstructure of PVA-PEG-NOCC, demonstrated cellular activities on the scaffolds and their ability to maintain chondrocyte phenotype. In addition, the produced PVA-PEG-NOCC scaffolds showed superior swelling properties, and increased GAG and type II collagen secreted by the seeded chondrocytes. In conclusion, the results suggest that by adding NOCC and irradiation cross-linking at 50 kGy, the physical and biological properties of PVA-PEG blend can be further enhanced thereby making PVA-PEG-NOCC a potential scaffold for chondrocytes.
    Matched MeSH terms: X-Rays
  8. Electrospun poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate)/silk fibroin film is a promising scaffold for bone tissue engineering
    Ang SL, Shaharuddin B, Chuah JA, Sudesh K
    Int J Biol Macromol, 2020 Feb 15;145:173-188.
    PMID: 31866541 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.12.149
    Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are biodegradable polyesters produced by microorganisms, under unbalanced growth conditions, as a carbon storage compound. PHAs are composed of various monomers such as 3-hydroxybutyrate (3HB) and 3-hydroxyhexanoate (3HHx). Silk fibroin (SF) derived from Bombyx mori cocoons, is a widely studied protein polymer commonly used for biomaterial applications. In this study, non-woven electrospun films comprising a copolymer of 3HB and 3HHx [P(3HB-co-3HHx)], SF and their blends were prepared by electrospinning technique. The growth and osteogenic differentiation of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) were studied using different types of fabricated electrospun films. The differentiation study revealed that electrospun P(3HB-co-3HHx)/SF film supports the differentiation of hUC-MSCs into the osteogenic lineage, confirmed by histological analysis using Alizarin Red staining, energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and quantitative real-time PCR analysis (qPCR). Electrospun P(3HB-co-3HHx)/SF film up-regulated the expression of osteogenic marker genes, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and osteocalcin (OCN), by 1.6-fold and 2.8-fold respectively, after 21 days of osteogenic induction. In conclusion, proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of hUC-MSCs were enhanced through the blending of P(3HB-co-3HHx) and SF. The results from this study suggest that electrospun P(3HB-co-3HHx)/SF film is a promising biomaterial for bone tissue engineering.
    Matched MeSH terms: X-Rays
  9. Fulltext COVID-19 Deep Learning Prediction Model Using Publicly Available Radiologist-Adjudicated Chest X-Ray Images as Training Data: Preliminary Findings
    Che Azemin MZ, Hassan R, Mohd Tamrin MI, Md Ali MA
    Int J Biomed Imaging, 2020;2020:8828855.
    PMID: 32849861 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8828855
    The key component in deep learning research is the availability of training data sets. With a limited number of publicly available COVID-19 chest X-ray images, the generalization and robustness of deep learning models to detect COVID-19 cases developed based on these images are questionable. We aimed to use thousands of readily available chest radiograph images with clinical findings associated with COVID-19 as a training data set, mutually exclusive from the images with confirmed COVID-19 cases, which will be used as the testing data set. We used a deep learning model based on the ResNet-101 convolutional neural network architecture, which was pretrained to recognize objects from a million of images and then retrained to detect abnormality in chest X-ray images. The performance of the model in terms of area under the receiver operating curve, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy was 0.82, 77.3%, 71.8%, and 71.9%, respectively. The strength of this study lies in the use of labels that have a strong clinical association with COVID-19 cases and the use of mutually exclusive publicly available data for training, validation, and testing.
    Matched MeSH terms: X-Rays
  10. Fulltext Automatic COVID-19 Detection Using Exemplar Hybrid Deep Features with X-ray Images
    Barua PD, Muhammad Gowdh NF, Rahmat K, Ramli N, Ng WL, Chan WY, et al.
    Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2021 07 29;18(15).
    PMID: 34360343 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18158052
    COVID-19 and pneumonia detection using medical images is a topic of immense interest in medical and healthcare research. Various advanced medical imaging and machine learning techniques have been presented to detect these respiratory disorders accurately. In this work, we have proposed a novel COVID-19 detection system using an exemplar and hybrid fused deep feature generator with X-ray images. The proposed Exemplar COVID-19FclNet9 comprises three basic steps: exemplar deep feature generation, iterative feature selection and classification. The novelty of this work is the feature extraction using three pre-trained convolutional neural networks (CNNs) in the presented feature extraction phase. The common aspects of these pre-trained CNNs are that they have three fully connected layers, and these networks are AlexNet, VGG16 and VGG19. The fully connected layer of these networks is used to generate deep features using an exemplar structure, and a nine-feature generation method is obtained. The loss values of these feature extractors are computed, and the best three extractors are selected. The features of the top three fully connected features are merged. An iterative selector is used to select the most informative features. The chosen features are classified using a support vector machine (SVM) classifier. The proposed COVID-19FclNet9 applied nine deep feature extraction methods by using three deep networks together. The most appropriate deep feature generation model selection and iterative feature selection have been employed to utilise their advantages together. By using these techniques, the image classification ability of the used three deep networks has been improved. The presented model is developed using four X-ray image corpora (DB1, DB2, DB3 and DB4) with two, three and four classes. The proposed Exemplar COVID-19FclNet9 achieved a classification accuracy of 97.60%, 89.96%, 98.84% and 99.64% using the SVM classifier with 10-fold cross-validation for four datasets, respectively. Our developed Exemplar COVID-19FclNet9 model has achieved high classification accuracy for all four databases and may be deployed for clinical application.
    Matched MeSH terms: X-Rays
  11. Fulltext Adsorption Studies of Volatile Organic Compound (Naphthalene) from Aqueous Effluents: Chemical Activation Process Using Weak Lewis Acid, Equilibrium Kinetics and Isotherm Modelling
    Akinpelu AA, Chowdhury ZZ, Shibly SM, Faisal ANM, Badruddin IA, Rahman MM, et al.
    Int J Mol Sci, 2021 Feb 19;22(4).
    PMID: 33669883 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22042090
    This study deals with the preparation of activated carbon (CDSP) from date seed powder (DSP) by chemical activation to eliminate polyaromatic hydrocarbon-PAHs (naphthalene-C10H8) from synthetic wastewater. The chemical activation process was carried out using a weak Lewis acid of zinc acetate dihydrate salt (Zn(CH3CO2)2·2H2O). The equilibrium isotherm and kinetics analysis was carried out using DSP and CDSP samples, and their performances were compared for the removal of a volatile organic compound-naphthalene (C10H8)-from synthetic aqueous effluents or wastewater. The equilibrium isotherm data was analyzed using the linear regression model of the Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin equations. The R2 values for the Langmuir isotherm were 0.93 and 0.99 for naphthalene (C10H8) adsorption using DSP and CDSP, respectively. CDSP showed a higher equilibrium sorption capacity (qe) of 379.64 µg/g. DSP had an equilibrium sorption capacity of 369.06 µg/g for C10H8. The rate of reaction was estimated for C10H8 adsorption using a pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order and Elovich kinetic equation. The reaction mechanism for both the sorbents (CDSP and DSP) was studied using the intraparticle diffusion model. The equilibrium data was well-fitted with the pseudo-second order kinetics model showing the chemisorption nature of the equilibrium system. CDSP showed a higher sorption performance than DSP due to its higher BET surface area and carbon content. Physiochemical characterizations of the DSP and CDSP samples were carried out using the BET surface area analysis, Fourier-scanning microscopic analysis (FSEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis and Fourier-transform spectroscopic analysis (FTIR). A thermogravimetric and ultimate analysis was also carried out to determine the carbon content in both the sorbents (DSP and CDSP) here. This study confirms the potential of DSP and CDSP to remove C10H8 from lab-scale synthetic wastewater.
    Matched MeSH terms: X-Rays
  12. Fulltext Gunshot-like wound caused by sling shot injury - a case report
    Vinuthinee N, Azreen-Redzal A, Juanarita J, Zunaina E
    Int Med Case Rep J, 2015;8:47-50.
    PMID: 25709507 DOI: 10.2147/IMCRJ.S75198
    We report a rare case of sling shot injury that presented with a gunshot-like wound with preseptal cellulitis, in a toddler. An 11-month-old Malay child presented with a gunshot-like wound over the forehead following sling shot injury. On examination, he had a deep circular laceration wound over the forehead, measuring 2.0 cm in diameter, with minimal bleeding. There was no obvious foreign body seen inside the wound and no palpable foreign body surrounding the wound. The gunshot-like wound was associated with left preseptal cellulitis. A skull X-ray showed a white opaque foreign body in the left frontal bone. Computed tomography (CT) scan of orbit and brain revealed a left comminuted fracture of the left orbital roof, and left frontal brain contusion with prelesional edema. Wound exploration was performed and revealed a 0.5 cm unshattered marble embedded in the left frontal bone. The marble and bone fragments were removed. The left preseptal cellulitis responded well to intravenous antibiotic and topical antibiotic.
    Matched MeSH terms: X-Rays
  13. Fulltext Dihydrotestosterone, a robust promoter of osteoblastic proliferation and differentiation: understanding of time-mannered and dose-dependent control of bone forming cells
    Thu HE, Mohamed IN, Hussain Z, Shuid AN
    Iran J Basic Med Sci, 2017 Aug;20(8):894-904.
    PMID: 29085581 DOI: 10.22038/IJBMS.2017.9111
    OBJECTIVES: The present study was aimed to evaluate the time-mannered and dose-dependent effects of 5α-dihydrotestosterone (5α-DHT) on the proliferation and differentiation of bone forming cells using MC3T3-E1 cells.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cell proliferation was analyzed using MTS and phase contrast microscopic assays. Osteogenic differentiation was assessed through a series of in vitro experiments including crystal violet staining, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and Van Gieson (VG) staining. Taken together, the efficiency of bone mineralization was examined by using alizarin red s (ARS) staining, Von Kossa staining, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) analysis.

    RESULTS: The resulting data revealed that 5α-DHT exhibits promising potential particularly at a dose of 0.1 ng/ml, in promoting the growth of MC3T3-E1 cells compared to the control group (CN). Moreover, a significantly higher ALP activity was evident in the experimental group treated with 5α-DHT compared to the CN group at various time intervals. MC3T3-E1 cells treated with 5α-DHT also expressed a remarkably higher collagen deposition and mineralization (calcium and phosphate contents) compared to the CN group at various time intervals.

    CONCLUSION: Conclusively, we suggest that 5α-DHT exhibits outstanding potential of promoting proliferation and differentiation in osteoblasts which could be the in vitro basis for the efficacy of 5α-DHT in the treatment of androgen-deficient male osteoporosis.

    Matched MeSH terms: X-Rays
  14. Fulltext Effect of Diabetes Mellitus on Tuberculosis Treatment Outcomes among Tuberculosis Patients in Kelantan, Malaysia
    Ahmad SR, Yaacob NA, Jaeb MZ, Hussin Z, Wan Mohammad WMZ
    Iran J Public Health, 2020 Aug;49(8):1485-1493.
    PMID: 33083325 DOI: 10.18502/ijph.v49i8.3892
    Background: There is growing evidence that DM may play an important role in the occurrence of unsuccessful TB treatment outcomes. This study was undertaken to examine the prevalence of DM among TB population, compare the profile of TB patients with and without DM and determine the effect of DM on unsuccessful treatment outcomes among TB patients in Kelantan state, Malaysia from 2012 to 2016.

    Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in Sep 2017 using data from registered TB cases in Kelantan state, Malaysia from 2012 to 2016. The profile of TB patients with and without DM were compared in univariable analysis. Multiple logistic regression was used to determine association between DM and unsuccessful treatment outcomes.

    Results: A total of 1854 TB patients were diagnosed with DM. The annual proportion was ranging from 26 to 29%. TB patients with DM had an older age, live single, low educational status, poor chest x ray finding and diagnosed with smear positive sputum compared to TB patients without DM. TB patients with DM had three times higher risk to develop unsuccessful TB treatment outcomes compared to TB patients without DM (95% CI 2.47-3.58; P = 0.012) in multivariable analysis.

    Conclusion: Those with DM had the worst prognosis of TB outcomes among the significant risk factors. TB control program in Malaysia will need to expand efforts to focus on treatment of TB-DM patients to improve their cure rates in order to achieve the goals of tuberculosis elimination.

    Matched MeSH terms: X-Rays
  15. Immigrant Health Study. 10. Pilot data - what does it tell? [Abstract]
    Atiya AS, Anuar Zaini MZ, Khairul Anuar A
    JUMMEC, 1998;3:64-65.
    A pilot study on 250 foreign workers was undertaken during a 7-month period beginning December 1996. The sample of subjects mainly males (88.8%) was selected on a non-probability basis from two sources i.e. from University of Malaya (72.8%) and PEREMBA group (27.2%). The study was a clinic-based and a face-to-face interview was carried out to elicit information on social, demographic, environmental, medical and recent illness using a structured questionnaire. Physical examinations were also performed on the same day of the interview. Subjects were also required to give their stool, venous blood, and urine specimens for microbiological, parasitological and clinical laboratory investigations. Chest X-Rays was done on ail subjects. The other investigators had already reported findings on the various specific areas of the study. In this part of the report attempt was made to relate the infectious diseases to some of the socio-environtnental variables on the 112 Indonesian, 133 Bangladeshi workers. Some aspects of health seeking behaviour of these foreign workers were also presented. Most of the Indonesian workers (84%) were from Jawa Timua and Jambi, Sumatra, while majority of the Bangladeshis (67.7%) were from two neighboring administrative districts of Dhaka and Chittagong. Majorities of the Indonesians (50.0%) were working in service industry, while 53.5% Bangladeshis were in the manufacturing. One-fifth of the workers lived in squatter areas, and nearly half of them were working for the service industry. About 70% of the workers had at least one infection. The proportion was slightly higher among the Indonesians (72.3%) compared to the Bangladeshis (67.7%). It is of interest to point out that 40.0% had multiple infections. Thirteen had five or more infections (details for the two of the 13 cases are presented as case studies). However, the findings did not indicate any association between sanitation and infections. Risk for transmission was developed based on the number of infections in the person. The Indonesian workers carried a higher risk of transmitting the diseases (33.9%) compared to 19.5% among the Bangladeshi workers. Those working in the construction industry were at a higher risk of transmitting the diseases compared to other industries. Slightly more than half of the workers experienced some form of minor illness or injury during the two-week period preceding the interview. Majority sought private care (43.1%), while 42.3% either self-medicate or did nothing al all. Nearly two-thirds paid out of their own pocket. Among the employers, construction sector made negligible contribution (2.9%) to the payment. It is interesting to find that 41.0% of the workers took some form of health suppletnents, and majority (48.4%) got it from the phartnacy or traditional sources. Nearly all (88.5%) paid on their own for the health supplements. The findings from this pilot project need to be interpreted with solne caution. However, it appears that the foreign workers carry sizeable anlount of health problems. If these are not addressed quickly it may eudanger the health of a nation, while we readily acknowledge their contribution towards our national development.
    Matched MeSH terms: X-Rays
  16. Fulltext Preparation and characterization of yttrium barium copper oxide (YBCO) superconductor with addition of cobalt oxide (Co3O4)
    Jannah, A.N., Erwana, N.Y., Jamion, N.A.
    Journal of Academia Universiti Teknologi MARA Negeri Sembilan, 2018;6(1):31-38.
    MyJurnal
    This study was carried out to investigate the electrical properties of YBCO sample as superconductor
    and the effect of addition of Co3O4 on the superconducting properties of YBCO superconductor. The
    YBCO sample was prepared by solid state reaction route. The samples were prepared by each with
    weight percentage of cobalt oxide of x= 0.00, x= 0.01, x= 0.02 and x= 0.03. Electrical Conduction by
    Multimeter, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), Critical temperature (Tc) measurement, X-ray
    Diffraction (XRD), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) were conducted for analysis.
    Multimeter showed all samples were in electric conduction, FTIR showed that carbonyl compound in
    the sample was removed after calcinations. Tc measurement showed that the critical temperature of
    sample of x= 0.02 was increased compared to sample of x= 0.00. XRD showed all samples have
    orthorhombic structure and SEM showed that the grain size was increased as increased the cobalt
    addition in YBCO superconductor. Besides, the EDX also showed the composition of elements
    YBCO were tally with chemicals used for pure YBCO and addition cobalt oxide into YBCO
    superconductor.
    Matched MeSH terms: X-Rays
  17. Fulltext Characterization of COOH-Fe3O4/NCC-CTA+ on screen printed carbon electrode using field emission scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive X-Ray for DNA biosensor
    Che Engku Noramalina Che-Engku-Chik, Nor Azah Yusof, Jaafar Abdullah, Siti Sarah Othman, Helmi Wasoh
    Journal of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2017;5(2):19-21.
    MyJurnal
    A novel DNA biosensing platform was designed by the functionalization of iron oxide (Fe3O4)
    with the carboxylic group via capping agent, mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) and conjugated
    with nanocellulose crystalline (NCC) surface modified with surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium
    bromide (CTAB) to assist in the DNA sensing capability. The product of nanocomposites
    compound was drop-casted on screen printed carbon electrode (SPCE). Characterization by field
    emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and energy dispersive X-Ray (EDX)
    spectroscopy showing that carboxyl functionalized iron oxide (COOH-Fe3O4) can be hybridized
    with NCC-CTA+ via electrostatic interaction.
    Matched MeSH terms: X-Rays
  18. Fulltext Validation of the dose distributions with Monte Carlo simulation for carbon ion cancer therapy
    Ying, C.K., W.A. Kamil, Matsufuji, Naruhiro
    Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, 2017;2(2):1-7.
    MyJurnal
    Charged particle therapy with carbon ions has advantages over conventional radiotherapy using x-ray beams. The application of charged particle therapy has rapidly increased over the last decades. This is due to its characteristic Bragg peak which has relatively low entrance doses and favourable doses distribution. In this research work, Geant4 based Monte Carlo simulation (MC) method has been used to calculate the radiation transportation and dose distributions in tissue-like media. The main objective of the work was to compare the Geant4 simulated depth dose distributions with experimental measurements and verify the capability of the geant4 simulation toolkit. The carbon ion beams for the therapeutic energy of 350 MeV/u and 400 MeV/u respectively were simulated, with the same settings as the experimental work carried out at the treatment room at Heavy Ion Medical Accelerator (HIMAC), National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS), Chiba, Japan. The simulation results were verified with measurements data. The work was to measure the accuracy and quality of the dose distributions by Geant4 MC methods. The results show that the Bragg peak and spread out Bragg peak (SOBP) distributions in simulation has fairly good agreement with measurements.
    Matched MeSH terms: X-Rays
  19. Fulltext Neuroendocrine tumour of the lung: a diagnostic challenge
    Nur Hidayah Bahrom, Anis Safura Ramli, Nor Suraya Samsudin, Norliana Dalila Mohamad Ali, Nor Salmah Bakar
    Journal of Clinical and Health Sciences, 2019;4(2):97-104.
    MyJurnal
    This is a case of a 62-year-old Indian man who was diagnosed with a rare type of lung
    neuroendocrine tumour (NET) of atypical carcinoid (AC) subtype which comprises only 0.1%–
    0.2% of pulmonary neoplasms. He initially presented to a private hospital in May 2018 with a
    6-month history of chronic productive cough and haemoptysis. Chest X-Ray (CXR), CT scan,
    bronchoscopy, biopsy and broncho-alveolar lavage were conducted. At this stage, imaging and
    histopathological investigations were negative for malignancy. Diagnosis of bronchiectasis was
    made and he was treated with antibiotic and tranexamic acid. Due to financial difficulties, his
    care was transferred to a university respiratory clinic in June 2018. His condition was monitored
    with CXR at every visit and treatment with tranexamic acid was continued for 6 months.
    However, due to persistent haemoptysis, he presented to the university primary care clinic in
    Dec 2018. Investigations were repeated in January 2019 where his CXR showed increased
    opacity of the left retrocardiac region and CT scan revealed a left lower lobe endobronchial
    mass causing collapse with mediastinal lymphadenopathy suggestive of malignancy.
    Bronchoscopy, biopsy and histopathology confirmed the presence of NET. Although the Ki-67
    index was low, the mitotic count, presence of necrosis and evidence of liver metastases
    favoured the diagnosis of AC. A positron emission tomography Ga-68 DONATOC scan showed
    evidence of somatostatin receptor avid known primary malignancy in the lungs with suspicions
    of liver metastasis. He was subsequently referred to the oncology team and chemotherapy was
    initiated. This case highlights the challenge in diagnosis and management of patients with AC.
    Physicians ought to be vigilant and have a high index of suspicion in patients who present with
    persistent symptoms on multiple visits. Early diagnosis of NET would prevent metastasis and
    provide better prognosis. Continuous follow-up shared care between primary care and
    secondary care physicians is also essential to provide ongoing psychosocial support for
    patients with NET, especially those with metastatic disease
    Matched MeSH terms: X-Rays
  20. Fulltext Antimicrobial activities of silver nanoparticles bio-synthesized from diatom Amphora sp.
    Tevan, R., Govindaraju, Mugilan, Jayakumar, Saravanan, Govindan, Natanamurugaraj, Mohd Hasbi Ab. Rahim, Maniam, Gaanty Pragas, et al.
    Journal of Engineering and Science Research, 2017;1(2):176-184.
    MyJurnal
    A biological method was employed to synthesize silver nanoparticles through marine diatom Amphora sp. Antimicrobial efficacy test against different pathogenic bacteria were performed through synthesized silver nanoparticles. The physio-chemical properties of synthesized silver nanoparticles were studied using analytical techniques such as UV-Vis spectrophotometer, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), EnergyDispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray Powder Diffraction (XRD). UV-Vis color intensity study and higher magnification of the Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy image showed the synthesized silver nanoparticles were rod shaped with a size range from 42 nm to 46 nm. The synthesized nanoparticles exhibited antibacterial activities in varying magnitudes. About 10 mg/ml of silver nanoparticles were able to inhibit the growth of gram-negative bacteria while gram-positive bacteria were resistant towards similar concentrations of silver nanoparticles.
    Matched MeSH terms: X-Rays
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