Displaying publications 61 - 80 of 1162 in total

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  1. Nik Ab Kadir MN, Mohd Hairon S, Yaacob NM, Yusof SN, Musa KI, Yahya MM, et al.
    PMID: 36833678 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20042985
    Women with breast cancer are keen to know their predicted survival. We developed a new prognostic model for women with breast cancer in Malaysia. Using the model, this study aimed to design the user interface and develop the contents of a web-based prognostic tool for the care provider to convey survival estimates. We employed an iterative website development process which includes: (1) an initial development stage informed by reviewing existing tools and deliberation among breast surgeons and epidemiologists, (2) content validation and feedback by medical specialists, and (3) face validation and end-user feedback among medical officers. Several iterative prototypes were produced and improved based on the feedback. The experts (n = 8) highly agreed on the website content and predictors for survival with content validity indices ≥ 0.88. Users (n = 20) scored face validity indices of more than 0.90. They expressed favourable responses. The tool, named Malaysian Breast cancer Survival prognostic Tool (myBeST), is accessible online. The tool estimates an individualised five-year survival prediction probability. Accompanying contents were included to explain the tool's aim, target user, and development process. The tool could act as an additional tool to provide evidence-based and personalised breast cancer outcomes.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prognosis
  2. Maiwall R, Pasupuleti SSR, Choudhury A, Kim DJ, Sood A, Goyal O, et al.
    Hepatol Int, 2023 Jun;17(3):662-675.
    PMID: 36571711 DOI: 10.1007/s12072-022-10463-z
    BACKGROUND AND AIM: Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a severe form of alcoholic hepatitis (SAH). We aimed to study the natural course, response to corticosteroids (CS), and the role of the Asian Pacific Association for the Study of Liver (APASL) research consortium (AARC) score in determining clinical outcomes in AH patients.

    METHODS: Prospectively collected data from the AARC database were analyzed.

    RESULTS: Of the 1249 AH patients, (aged 43.8 ± 10.6 years, 96.9% male, AARC score 9.2 ± 1.9), 38.8% died on a 90 day follow-up. Of these, 150 (12.0%) had mild-moderate AH (MAH), 65 (5.2%) had SAH and 1034 (82.8%) had ACLF. Two hundred and eleven (16.9%) patients received CS, of which 101 (47.87%) were steroid responders by day 7 of Lille's model, which was associated with improved survival [Hazard ratio (HR) 0.15, 95% CI 0.12-0.19]. AARC-ACLF grade 3 [OR 0.28, 0.14-0.55] was an independent predictor of steroid non-response and mortality [HR 3.29, 2.63-4.11]. Complications increased with degree of liver failure [AARC grade III vs. II vs I], bacterial infections [48.6% vs. 37% vs. 34.7%; p 

    Matched MeSH terms: Prognosis
  3. Abdullah JM, Idris Z, Ghani AR, Lim MS
    J Neurosurg Sci, 2023 Jun;67(3):367-373.
    PMID: 33709663 DOI: 10.23736/S0390-5616.21.05249-8
    BACKGROUND: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has recently become a major concern for public health care and a socioeconomic burden internationally. Prognostic models are mathematical models developed from specific populations which are used to predict the mortality and unfavorable outcomes especially in trauma centers. Hence, we formulate a study to perform an external validation of the IMPACT and CRASH prognostic models; the CRASH model to predict 14-day mortality and 6-month unfavorable outcome and the IMPACT model to estimate 6-month mortality and unfavorable outcome in a single center cohort of TBI patients in Malaysia.

    METHODS: All patients with traumatic brain injury (mild, moderate, and severe) who were admitted to Queen Elizabeth Hospital from November 1, 2017, to January 31, 2019, were prospectively analyzed through a data collection sheet. The discriminatory power of the models was assessed as area under the receiver operating characteristic curve and calibration was assessed using the Hosmer-Lemeshow (H-L) goodness-of-fit test and Cox calibration regression analysis.

    RESULTS: We analyzed 281 patients with significant TBI treated in a single neurosurgical center in Malaysia over a 2-year period. The overall observed 14-day mortality was 9.6%, a 6-month unfavorable outcome of 23.5%, and a 6-month mortality of 13.2%. Overall, both the CRASH and IMPACT models showed good discrimination with AUCs ranging from 0.88 to 0.94 and both models calibrating satisfactorily H-L GoF P>0.05 and calibration slopes >1.0 although IMPACT seemed to be slightly more superior compared to the CRASH model.

    CONCLUSIONS: The CRASH and IMPACT prognostic models displayed satisfactory overall performance in our cohort of TBI patients, but further investigations on factors contributing to TBI outcomes and continuous updating on both models remain crucial.

    Matched MeSH terms: Prognosis
  4. Ng DC, Liew CH, Tan KK, Chin L, Ting GSS, Fadzilah NF, et al.
    BMC Infect Dis, 2023 Jun 12;23(1):398.
    PMID: 37308825 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-023-08357-y
    BACKGROUND: Children account for a significant proportion of COVID-19 hospitalizations, but data on the predictors of disease severity in children are limited. We aimed to identify risk factors associated with moderate/severe COVID-19 and develop a nomogram for predicting children with moderate/severe COVID-19.

    METHODS: We identified children ≤ 12 years old hospitalized for COVID-19 across five hospitals in Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia, from 1 January 2021 to 31 December 2021 from the state's pediatric COVID-19 case registration system. The primary outcome was the development of moderate/severe COVID-19 during hospitalization. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify independent risk factors for moderate/severe COVID-19. A nomogram was constructed to predict moderate/severe disease. The model performance was evaluated using the area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy.

    RESULTS: A total of 1,717 patients were included. After excluding the asymptomatic cases, 1,234 patients (1,023 mild cases and 211 moderate/severe cases) were used to develop the prediction model. Nine independent risk factors were identified, including the presence of at least one comorbidity, shortness of breath, vomiting, diarrhea, rash, seizures, temperature on arrival, chest recessions, and abnormal breath sounds. The nomogram's sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and AUC for predicting moderate/severe COVID-19 were 58·1%, 80·5%, 76·8%, and 0·86 (95% CI, 0·79 - 0·92) respectively.

    CONCLUSION: Our nomogram, which incorporated readily available clinical parameters, would be useful to facilitate individualized clinical decisions.

    Matched MeSH terms: Prognosis
  5. Wang J, Zhao T, Li B, Wei W
    Aging (Albany NY), 2023 Oct 13;15(20):11201-11216.
    PMID: 37844995 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205122
    Uveal melanoma (UVM) remains the leading intraocular malignancy in adults, with a poor prognosis for those with metastatic disease. Tryptophan metabolism plays a pivotal role in influencing cancerous properties and modifying the tumor's immune microenvironment. In this study, we explore the relationship between tryptophan metabolism-related gene (TRMG) expression and the various features of UVM, including prognosis and tumor microenvironment. Our analysis included 143 patient samples sourced from public databases. Using K-means clustering, we categorized UVM patients into two distinct clusters. Further, we developed a prognostic model based on five essential genes, effectively distinguishing between low-risk and high-risk patients. This distinction underscores the importance of TRMGs in UVM prognostication. Combining TRMG data with gender to create nomograms demonstrated exceptional accuracy in predicting UVM patient outcomes. Moreover, our analysis reveals correlations between risk assessments and immune cell infiltrations. Notably, the low-risk group displayed a heightened potential response to immune checkpoint inhibitors. In conclusion, our findings underscore the dynamic relationship between TRMG expression and various UVM characteristics, presenting a novel prognostic framework centered on TRMGs. The deep connection between TRMGs and UVM's tumor immune microenvironment emphasizes the crucial role of tryptophan metabolism in shaping the immune landscape. Such understanding paves the way for designing targeted immunotherapy strategies for UVM patients.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prognosis
  6. Rudyk I, Babichev D, Medentseva O, Pyvovar S, Shcherban T
    PMID: 37419472
    In this study, we assessed the impact of COVID-19 on the course of HFmrEF by determining the biomarkers furin and NT-proBNP, questionnaires (EQ-5D-5L), and cardiac ultrasound. A comprehensive examination of 72 patients with HFmrEF (main group) and 18 apparently healthy individuals (control group). The main group was divided into two subgroups depending on the history of coronavirus disease. All patients gave their consent to participate in the study. In the group of patients with a history of coronavirus infection compared to the patients without a COVID-19 history were established: significantly higher concentrations of NT-proBNP (1002.79±215.94 pg/ml and 405.37±99.06 pg/ml, respectively, p-value 0.01), uric acid (429.08±27.01 mmol/l vs. 354.44±28.75 mmol/l, p-value 0.04) and a lower furin to NT-proBNP ratio (0.87± 0.26 and 1.38 ± 1.16, p-value 0.045) in blood serum; using the EQ-5D-5L questionnaire, a significant deterioration of quality of life indicators (64.21±3.04 points vs. 72.81±1.82 points by VAS, p-value 0.02); higher indicators of LVMMi (157.39±6.14 g/m2 and 138.68±6.02 g/m2, p-value 0.03), LA dimensions (43.74±0.95 mm and 41.12±0.85 mm, p-value 0.04) and RA dimensions (40.76±1.23 mm and 37.75±0.85 mm, p-value 0.04). Coronavirus infection in patients with HFmrEF leads to disorders of intracardiac hemodynamics and persistent negative structural changes of the heart. The ratio of furin to NT-proBNP serum levels can be used to determine the impact of the HF syndrome itself on the patients' subjective assessment of their quality of life.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prognosis
  7. Saeidi H, Ismail P, Samudi Raju C, Khairul-Asri MG, Bakrin IH
    Malays J Pathol, 2023 Aug;45(2):149-155.
    PMID: 37658525
    Prostate cancer is the second-most frequently diagnosed cancer in men worldwide. Serum prostatespecific antigen is currently used for the early detection of prostate cancer. However, new biomarkers are needed to decrease over diagnosis and over treatment of prostate cancer due to limitations of prostate-specific antigen. Recently, molecular biomarkers have shown promising results for diagnosis and prognosis of prostate cancer. Molecular biomarkers have improved the sensitivity and specificity of prostate-specific antigen and studies are ongoing to identify molecular biomarkers as a replacement for prostate-specific antigen. This review aims to give an overview of emerging molecular biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of prostate cancer.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prognosis
  8. Grootes I, Keeman R, Blows FM, Milne RL, Giles GG, Swerdlow AJ, et al.
    Eur J Cancer, 2022 Sep;173:178-193.
    PMID: 35933885 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2022.06.011
    BACKGROUND: Predict Breast (www.predict.nhs.uk) is an online prognostication and treatment benefit tool for early invasive breast cancer. The aim of this study was to incorporate the prognostic effect of progesterone receptor (PR) status into a new version of PREDICT and to compare its performance to the current version (2.2).

    METHOD: The prognostic effect of PR status was based on the analysis of data from 45,088 European patients with breast cancer from 49 studies in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate the hazard ratio for PR status. Data from a New Zealand study of 11,365 patients with early invasive breast cancer were used for external validation. Model calibration and discrimination were used to test the model performance.

    RESULTS: Having a PR-positive tumour was associated with a 23% and 28% lower risk of dying from breast cancer for women with oestrogen receptor (ER)-negative and ER-positive breast cancer, respectively. The area under the ROC curve increased with the addition of PR status from 0.807 to 0.809 for patients with ER-negative tumours (p = 0.023) and from 0.898 to 0.902 for patients with ER-positive tumours (p = 2.3 × 10-6) in the New Zealand cohort. Model calibration was modest with 940 observed deaths compared to 1151 predicted.

    CONCLUSION: The inclusion of the prognostic effect of PR status to PREDICT Breast has led to an improvement of model performance and more accurate absolute treatment benefit predictions for individual patients. Further studies should determine whether the baseline hazard function requires recalibration.

    Matched MeSH terms: Prognosis
  9. Solomon T, Ooi MH, Beasley DW, Mallewa M
    BMJ, 2003 Apr 19;326(7394):865-9.
    PMID: 12702624
    Matched MeSH terms: Prognosis
  10. Lin HJ, Pan HY, Chen CH, Cheng HM, Chia YC, Sogunuru GP, et al.
    J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich), 2022 Sep;24(9):1161-1173.
    PMID: 36196472 DOI: 10.1111/jch.14549
    Home blood pressure (HBP) has been recognized as a prognostic predictor for cardiovascular events, and integrated into the diagnosis and management of hypertension. With increasing accessibility of oscillometric blood pressure devices, HBP monitoring is easy to perform, more likely to obtain reliable estimation of blood pressures, and feasible to document long-term blood pressure variations, compared to office and ambulatory blood pressures. To obtain reliable HBP estimates, a standardized HBP monitoring protocol is essential. A consensus regarding the optimal duration and frequency of HBP monitoring is yet to be established. Based on the current evidence, the "722" protocol, which stands for two measurements on one occasion, two occasions a day (morning and evening), and over a consecutive of 7 days, is most commonly used in clinical studies and recommended in relevant guidelines and consensus documents. HBP monitoring based on the "722" protocol fulfills the minimal requirement of blood pressure measurements to achieve agreement of blood pressure classifications defined by office blood pressures and to predict cardiovascular risks. In the Taiwan HBP consensus, the frequency of repeating the "722" protocol of HBP monitoring according to different scenarios of hypertension management, from every 2 weeks to 3 months, is recommended. It is reasonable to conclude that the "722" protocol for HBP monitoring is clinically justified and can serve as a basis for standardized HBP monitoring.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prognosis
  11. Alshareefy Y, Cummins S, Mazzoleni A, Sharma V, Guggilapu S, Leong AWY, et al.
    Medicine (Baltimore), 2023 Nov 17;102(46):e36094.
    PMID: 37986400 DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000036094
    Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PanNETs) are a rare subtype of pancreatic cancer and can be divided into functional (30-40%) and nonfunctional subtypes. The different subtypes of functional PanNETs (F-PanNETs) have a variety of classical presentations that raise suspicion for an underlying PanNET. It is estimated that 90% of PanNETs are sporadic, and the PI3K-Akt-mTOR and ATRX/DAXX signaling pathways have been recognized as key genetic pathways implicated in the pathogenesis. The other 10% of PanNETs may occur in the context of familial cancer syndromes such as MEN1. Chromogranin A is the most useful biomarker currently; however, several studies have shown limitations with its use, especially its prognostic value. Synaptophysin is a novel biomarker which has shown promising preliminary results however its use clinically has yet to be established. Blood tests assessing hormone levels, cross-sectional imaging, and endoscopic ultrasound remain at the core of establishing a diagnosis of F-PanNET. The treatment options for F-PanNETs include surgical methods such as enucleation, systemic therapies like chemotherapy and novel targeted therapies such as everolimus. The prognosis for F-PanNETs is more favorable than for nonfunctional PanNETs, however metastatic disease is associated with poor survival outcomes. Researchers should also focus their efforts on identifying novel pathways implicated in the pathogenesis of F-PanNETs in order to develop new targeted therapies that may reduce the need for surgical intervention and on the establishment of novel biomarkers that may reduce the need for invasive testing and allow for earlier detection of F-PanNETs.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prognosis
  12. Lim HJ, Saha T, Ooi CW
    Talanta, 2024 Feb 01;268(Pt 2):125376.
    PMID: 37951180 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125376
    Serum levels of dengue virus (DENV) non-structural 1 (NS1) antigen can serve as a valuable prognostic indicator of severe dengue infections. A quartz crystal microbalance (QCM)-based biosensor with a biomimetic recognition element was designed to quantitatively detect DENV NS1 as an early disease biomarker. To mitigate the reliance on costly viral antigens during the molecular imprinting process, a synthetic peptide mimicking a DENV NS1 epitope was used as a surrogate template for the synthesis of an epitope-imprinted polydopamine (EMIPDA) sensing film on the biosensor surface. The maximal frequency shift for DENV NS1 was obtained with an EMIPDA film synthesised using 5 mg mL-1 of dopamine monomer and 0.5 mg mL-1 of peptide template. The EMIPDA-QCM biosensor achieved low detection and quantitation limits of 0.091 μg mL-1 and 0.436 μg mL-1, respectively, allowing acute-phase detection of dengue and prognosis of the disease progression. The EMIPDA-QCM biosensor exhibited remarkable selectivity with up to 68-fold larger frequency responses towards DENV NS1 compared to a major serum protein. The site-specific imprinting approach not only enhanced the biosensing performance but also enabled a 26-fold cost reduction for biosensor functionalisation, providing a cost-effective strategy for label-free biosensing of the dengue biomarker via the biopolymer film.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prognosis
  13. Md Shah MN, Azman RR, Chan WY, Ng KH
    Can Assoc Radiol J, 2024 Feb;75(1):92-97.
    PMID: 37075322 DOI: 10.1177/08465371231171700
    The past two decades have seen a significant increase in the use of CT, with a corresponding rise in the mean population radiation dose. This rise in CT use has caused improved diagnostic certainty in conditions that were not previously routinely evaluated using CT, such as headaches, back pain, and chest pain. Unused data, unrelated to the primary diagnosis, embedded within these scans have the potential to provide organ-specific measurements that can be used to prognosticate or risk-profile patients for a wide variety of conditions. The recent increased availability of computing power, expertise and software for automated segmentation and measurements, assisted by artificial intelligence, provides a conducive environment for the deployment of these analyses into routine use. Data gathering from CT has the potential to add value to examinations and help offset the public perception of harm from radiation exposure. We review the potential for the collection of these data and propose the incorporation of this strategy into routine clinical practice.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prognosis
  14. Mohammed Nawi A, Masdor NA, Othman R, Kandayah T, Ahmad N, Safian N
    Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2023 Sep 01;24(9):2941-2095.
    PMID: 37774044 DOI: 10.31557/APJCP.2023.24.9.2941
    Prostate cancer (Pca) is one of the most prevalent health conditions affecting men, particularly older men, and cases have increased in recent years.

    OBJECTIVE: This review examined the survival rate and prognostic factors of patients with Pca in Southeast Asia (SEA).

    METHODS: We conducted a systematic search of three databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science) and a manual search until April 1, 2022. The selected papers were evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Form for Cohort Studies. The review protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42022326521). Pooled prevalence rates were calculated using the programme R version 4.2.1. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 statistic and p-value. A narrative approach was used to describe prognostic factors. Studies were selected and finalised based on the review question. The quality of the included studies was assessed.

    RESULTS: A total of 11 studies were included in this review. The 1-, 3-, 5- and 10-year survival rates of SEA Pca cases were 80.8%, 51.9%, 66.1% (range 32.1-100) and 78% (range 55.9-100), respectively. Prognostic factors for Pca were discussed in terms of sociodemographic, disease-related and treatment-related aspects. The predictors of significantly lower survival were age more than 75 years, cancer detected during transurethral resection of the prostate, Gleason score more or equal to eight, high-risk group, metastases and no adjuvant radiotherapy. A meta-analysis on the pooled HR of prostate cancer could not be performed due to the heterogeneity of prognostic factors. The pooled prevalence of localised and metastatic prostate cancer in SEA countries was 39% 95% CI [20-62] and 40% 95% CI [28-53], respectively.

    CONCLUSION: The survival rate in SEA countries can be determined by prognostic factors, which can be divided into sociodemographic, disease-related and treatment-related factors. Therefore, further studies are needed to improve the understanding and treatment of Pca in the region SEA.

    Matched MeSH terms: Prognosis
  15. Yu J, Lam SK, He L, Wang P, Cao Y
    Sci Rep, 2024 Feb 16;14(1):3921.
    PMID: 38365922 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54456-4
    Malnutrition in patients is associated with reduced tolerance to treatment-related side effects and higher risks of complications, directly impacting patient prognosis. Consequently, a pressing requirement exists for the development of uncomplicated yet efficient screening methods to detect patients at heightened nutritional risk. The aim of this study was to formulate a concise nutritional risk prediction model for prompt assessment by oncology medical personnel, facilitating the effective identification of hepatocellular carcinoma patients at an elevated nutritional risk. Retrospective cohort data were collected from hepatocellular carcinoma patients who met the study's inclusion and exclusion criteria between March 2021 and April 2022. The patients were categorized into two groups: a normal nutrition group and a malnutrition group based on body composition assessments. Subsequently, the collected data were analyzed, and predictive models were constructed, followed by simplification. A total of 220 hepatocellular carcinoma patients were included in this study, and the final model incorporated four predictive factors: age, tumor diameter, TNM stage, and anemia. The area under the ROC curve for the short-term nutritional risk prediction model was 0.990 [95% CI (0.966-0.998)]. Further simplification of the scoring rule resulted in an area under the ROC curve of 0.986 [95% CI (0.961, 0.997)]. The developed model provides a rapid and efficient approach to assess the short-term nutritional risk of hepatocellular carcinoma patients. With easily accessible and swift indicators, the model can identify patients with potential nutritional risk more effectively and timely.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prognosis
  16. Lishen W, In Meei T, Marny Mohamed A, Abdullah D
    Iran Endod J, 2018;13(3):403-406.
    PMID: 30083215 DOI: 10.22037/iej.v13i3.20871
    The principle of ferrule effect is of prime importance when restoring an endodontically treated tooth. A severely broken down tooth due to subgingival caries almost always end up with extraction as inadequate ferrule effect would compromise the predictability of restorative treatment. This clinical case report describes a treatment approach that combines non-surgical endodontic treatment, orthodontic extrusion and prosthetic rehabilitation to restore the function and aesthetic aspect of an extensively carious premolar with compromised prognosis. One year follow-up indicated stable periodontal health with evidence of periapical healing radiographically.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prognosis
  17. Islam MR, Abdullah JM
    Malays J Med Sci, 2014 Dec;21(Spec Issue):34-40.
    PMID: 25941461 MyJurnal
    Genetic Absence Epilepsy Rats from Strasbourg (GAERS) are a prognostic genetic model of absence epilepsy. This model displays the electro-clinical, behavioural, and pharmacological features of absence seizures. Although GAERS share typical characteristics, including spike-and-wave discharges (SWDs) in the electroencephalography (EEG), age-dependent studies with these animals have not yet been reported. The aim of the present study is to perform a systematic comparison contrasting the SWDs of young and older GAERS, in terms of the number, duration, frequency, and waveform morphology of the discharges, as well as the pre-SWD EEG characteristics, using identical measurement and analysis techniques. The number, cumulative total duration and mean duration of SWDs were significantly higher in young GAERS (4 to 6 months) compared to older GAERS (12 to 14 months). Furthermore, the SWD spectra and average SWD waveforms indicated that a single cycle of the SWD contains more energy in faster components, such as increased spikes and higher power, in the SWDs of the young GAERS. Additionally, older GAERS showed weak amplitude spikes in SWDs and higher power pre-SWDs. These clear morphological differences in the EEGs of young and older GAERS rats should be further examined in future studies that explore new dimensions of genetic absence epilepsy.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prognosis
  18. Ramasamy P, Md Nor A, Kamil NA, Harun N, Yusof MM, Md Hassan MZ
    Malays J Med Sci, 2010 Oct;17(4):62-6.
    PMID: 22135563 MyJurnal
    Myxoid liposarcoma is the major subtype of liposarcoma and commonly presents in the extremities, particularly in the thigh. We introduce an unusual case of a myxoid liposarcoma presenting as a large perineal swelling occupying the para-rectal and para-anal spaces in a 49-year-old male patient. The diagnosis, management, and prognosis of myxoid liposarcoma are discussed. A literature review is performed for myxoid liposarcoma.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prognosis
  19. Liew BS, Takagi K, Kato Y, Duvuru S, Thanapal S, Mangaleswaran B
    Asian J Neurosurg, 2019 9 10;14(3):648-656.
    PMID: 31497081 DOI: 10.4103/ajns.AJNS_14_19
    Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is one of the neurodegenerative diseases which can be treated surgically with favorable outcome. The gait disturbance, cognitive, and urinary symptoms are known as the clinical triad of iNPH. In this review, we have addressed the comorbidities, differential diagnoses, clinical presentations, and pathology of iNPH. We have also summarized the imaging studies and clinical procedures used for the diagnosis of iNPH. The treatment modality, outcomes, and prognosis were also discussed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prognosis
  20. Pan K, Chan W, Shanmugam P, Ong G, Kamaruddin F, Tan S
    Malays Orthop J, 2014 Mar;8(1):32-6.
    PMID: 25347294 MyJurnal DOI: 10.5704/MOJ.1403.015
    Patients with extensive malignancies involving the femur often require total femoral replacement when their limbs can be salvaged. Reported series are small and involve heterogeneity of tumours. We present nine patients with osteosarcomas of the femur treated at our institution between 2003 and 2010 with a mean follow-up of 27 (6 to 56) months. Their ages ranged from 9 to 17 (mean 14 years). They had large volume tumours (mean 911 cm3) and presented late with a mean of 5.5 months from the onset of symptoms to definitive treatment. All patients underwent resection and total femur replacement. Six patients have died and two are alive with good function at the time of this report. One was lost to follow-up. These patients require a high level of treatment care and have a guarded prognosis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prognosis
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