Displaying publications 81 - 100 of 353 in total

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  1. Sexual arousal difficulties in women treated with antidepressants: a comparison between escitalopram and fluoxetine
    Midi M, Kanagasundram S, Sidi H, Asmidar D, Naing L, Guan NC
    Int J Psychiatry Med, 2012;43(4):405-18.
    PMID: 23094470
    To compare the risk of sexual arousal difficulties between two groups of depressed female patients in remission who were treated with either escitalopram or fluoxetine. Associated factors were also examined.
    Matched MeSH terms: Depressive Disorder, Major/diagnosis; Depressive Disorder, Major/drug therapy*; Depressive Disorder, Major/epidemiology; Depressive Disorder, Major/psychology
  2. Community knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs towards depression in the state of Penang, Malaysia
    Khan TM, Sulaiman SA, Hassali MA, Anwar M, Wasif G, Khan AH
    Community Ment Health J, 2010 Feb;46(1):87-92.
    PMID: 20146000 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-009-9262-z
    This study was intended to evaluate the mental health literacy vis-à-vis depression among inhabitants of Penang state in North Malaysia. Using a clustered random sampling method, 1,855 respondents were approached to participate in the survey. A total of 1,149 respondents actually participated, for a 61.9% response rate. Face to face interviews were then conducted using a pre-validated 21-item questionnaire. The mean age of the respondents was 30 years (SD +/-11.5). The majority (n = 884; 76.9%) could recognize three or more symptoms of depression. Chinese and/or female respondents performed the best in this domain. Respondents with a personal experience of depression displayed a significantly better knowledge of symptoms of and therapies for depression than those who did not (t = -35.745, P = <0.001). Overall, a moderate knowledge level of the symptoms of depression and a cursory knowledge towards therapy were observed among the general population in Penang. Notably, respondents were generally inclined towards the use of alternative medicine. The study suggests that strong beliefs in alternative and traditional medicines could undermine the respondents' willingness and ability to seek evidence-based mental health care.
    Matched MeSH terms: Depressive Disorder/diagnosis; Depressive Disorder/ethnology*; Depressive Disorder/psychology*; Depressive Disorder/therapy
  3. Fulltext Factors Influencing the Prevalence of Mental Health Problems among Malay Elderly Residing in a Rural Community: A Cross-Sectional Study
    Abdul Manaf MR, Mustafa M, Abdul Rahman MR, Yusof KH, Abd Aziz NA
    PLoS One, 2016;11(6):e0156937.
    PMID: 27280529 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156937
    BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Mental health problems are common in old age, but frequently remain undetected and untreated. Mental health problems in the elderly are the result of a complex interaction of social, psychological and biological factors. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of mental health problems (depression, anxiety, and emotional stress) and their associated factors among the Malay elderly in a rural community of Perak, Malaysia.

    METHODS: It was a cross-sectional study. The Malay elderly aged 60 years and above were selected through convenient sampling to give a total of 230 respondents. The Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) was used to assess the symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress. Bivariate analyses were performed using chi-square tests and multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine the association between the factors and each of the mental health statuses assessed.

    RESULTS: The results showed that the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress among the elderly respondents was 27.8%, 22.6%, and 8.7%, respectively. The significant factors for depression were single elderly (Adjusted OR = 3.27, 95%CI 1.66, 6.44), living with family (Adjusted OR = 4.98, 95%CI 2.05, 12.10), and poor general health status (Adjusted OR = 2.28, 95%CI 1.20, 4.36). Living with family was the only significant factor for anxiety (Adjusted OR = 2.68, 95%CI 1.09, 6.57). There was no significant factor for stress.

    CONCLUSIONS: Depression and anxiety among the Malay elderly in the rural community were very worrying. More equity in health should be created or strengthened in order to intensify the opportunity to identify, diagnose, and treat those with mental health problems. Living arrangement in the rural community was an important factor that had influenced depression and anxiety. Therefore, further research is recommended for more comprehensive information, as a result of which appropriate intervention can be made.

    Matched MeSH terms: Depressive Disorder/epidemiology*; Depressive Disorder/psychology
  4. Meta-analysis of polymorphisms in TPH2 gene and suicidal behavior
    Choong MY, Tee SF, Tang PY
    Psychiatry Res, 2014 Dec 30;220(3):1163-6.
    PMID: 25219619 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2014.07.076
    Matched MeSH terms: Depressive Disorder, Major/genetics*; Depressive Disorder, Major/psychology
  5. Are predictors of future suicide attempts and the transition from suicidal ideation to suicide attempts shared or distinct: a 12-month prospective study among patients with depressive disorders
    Chan LF, Shamsul AS, Maniam T
    Psychiatry Res, 2014 Dec 30;220(3):867-73.
    PMID: 25240940 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2014.08.055
    Our study aimed to examine the interplay between clinical and social predictors of future suicide attempt and the transition from suicidal ideation to suicide attempt in depressive disorders. Sixty-six Malaysian inpatients with a depressive disorder were assessed at index admission and within 1 year for suicide attempt, suicidal ideation, depression severity, life event changes, treatment history and relevant clinical and socio-demographic factors. One-fifth of suicidal ideators transitioned to a future suicide attempt. All future attempters (12/66) had prior ideation and 83% of attempters had a prior attempt. The highest risk for transitioning from ideation to attempt was 5 months post-discharge. Single predictor models showed that previous psychiatric hospitalization and ideation severity were shared predictors of future attempt and ideation to attempt transition. Substance use disorders (especially alcohol) predicted future attempt and approached significance for the transition process. Low socio-economic status predicted the transition process while major personal injury/illness predicted future suicide attempt. Past suicide attempt, subjective depression severity and medication compliance predicted only future suicide attempt. The absence of prior suicide attempt did not eliminate the risk of future attempt. Given the limited sample, future larger studies on mechanisms underlying the interactions of such predictors are needed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Depressive Disorder/diagnosis*; Depressive Disorder/psychology*
  6. Use of antidepressants in the treatment of depression in Asia: guidelines, clinical evidence, and experience revisited
    Treuer T, Liu CY, Salazar G, Kongsakon R, Jia F, Habil H, et al.
    Asia Pac Psychiatry, 2013 Dec;5(4):219-30.
    PMID: 23857712 DOI: 10.1111/appy.12090
    Major depressive disorder is prevalent worldwide, and only about half of those affected will experience no further episodes or symptoms. Additionally, depressive symptoms can be challenging to identify, with many patients going undiagnosed despite a wide variety of available treatment options. Antidepressants are the cornerstone of depression treatment; however, a large number of factors must be considered in selecting the treatment best suited to the individual. To help support physicians in this process, international and national treatment guidelines have been developed. This review evaluates the current use of antidepressant treatment for major depressive disorder in six Asian countries (China, Korea, Malaysia, Philippines, Taiwan, and Thailand). No remarkable differences were noted between Asian and international treatment guidelines or among those from within Asia as these are adapted from western guidelines, although there were some local variations. Importantly, a shortage of evidence-based information at a country level is the primary problem in developing guidelines appropriate for Asia, so most of the guidelines are consensus opinions derived from western research data utilized in western guidelines. Treatment guidelines need to evolve from being consensus based to evidence based when evidence is available, taking into consideration cost/effectiveness or cost/benefit with an evidence-based approach that more accurately reflects clinical experience as well as the attributes of each antidepressant. In everyday practice, physicians must tailor their treatment to the patient's clinical needs while considering associated external factors; better tools are needed to help them reach the best possible prescribing decisions which are of maximum benefit to patients.
    Matched MeSH terms: Depressive Disorder, Major/drug therapy*; Depressive Disorder, Major/economics
  7. Correlates of depression, anxiety and stress among Malaysian university students
    Shamsuddin K, Fadzil F, Ismail WS, Shah SA, Omar K, Muhammad NA, et al.
    Asian J Psychiatr, 2013 Aug;6(4):318-23.
    PMID: 23810140 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2013.01.014
    University students face not only challenges related with independent living, but also academic challenges. This predisposes them to depression, anxiety and stress, which are fairly common.
    Matched MeSH terms: Depressive Disorder/diagnosis*; Depressive Disorder/epidemiology
  8. Direct and indirect effects of sociocultural influences on disordered eating among Malaysian male and female university students. A mediation analysis of psychological distress
    Gan WY, Mohd Nasir MT, Zalilah MS, Hazizi AS
    Appetite, 2011 Jun;56(3):778-83.
    PMID: 21435366 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2011.03.005
    This study aimed to examine the role of psychological distress in the relationships between sociocultural influences (social pressure to be thin and weight teasing) and disordered eating. Data were collected from 584 university students (59.4% females and 40.6% males), aged 18-24 years old (M=20.6, SD=1.4), selected from four universities in the Klang Valley, Malaysia. Participants completed four standardized questionnaires which measured social pressure to be thin, weight-related teasing, psychological distress and disordered eating. A good fit structural equation modeling (SEM) model was developed for both sexes. For males, the SEM model revealed that sociocultural influences showed an indirect effect on disordered eating through psychological distress. For females, the model showed an indirect effect of sociocultural influences on disordered eating through psychological distress, as well as a direct effect of sociocultural influences on disordered eating. In conclusion, psychological distress mediated the relationships between sociocultural influences and disordered eating in both males and females. Our results suggest that disordered eating intervention programs on reducing psychological distress in university students may be beneficial.
    Matched MeSH terms: Depressive Disorder/complications; Depressive Disorder/psychology
  9. The prevalence and impact of major depressive disorder among Chinese, Malays and Indians in an Asian multi-racial population
    Chong SA, Vaingankar J, Abdin E, Subramaniam M
    J Affect Disord, 2012 Apr;138(1-2):128-36.
    PMID: 22209269 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2011.11.038
    Reports of rates of depression among different Asian ethnic groups within the same country using standardized assessments are rare in the extant literature.
    Matched MeSH terms: Depressive Disorder, Major/ethnology; Depressive Disorder, Major/epidemiology*
  10. Fulltext Assessment of depression and anxiety in haematological cancer patients and their relationship with quality of life
    Priscilla D, Hamidin A, Azhar MZ, Noorjan KO, Salmiah MS, Bahariah K
    East Asian Arch Psychiatry, 2011 Sep;21(3):108-14.
    PMID: 21921304
    Objectives: To determine the relationship between major depressive disorder, anxiety disorders and the quality of life of haematological cancer patients.
    Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Ampang Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, a tertiary referral centre hospital for haematological cancer. The Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview was used for the diagnosis of major depressive disorder and anxiety disorders. The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire was utilised to measure patients’ quality of life.
    Results: A total of 105 haematological cancer patients were included in the study with response rate of 100%. Major depressive disorder correlated with almost all domains of the quality of life, except the pain scores. Logistic regression showed that insomnia and financial difficulties were related to major depressive disorder. Different anxiety disorders also correlated with quality of life in specific domains. The leading anxiety disorders that correlated mostly with quality of life scales were generalised anxiety disorder, followed by obsessive-compulsive disorder, social anxiety disorder, as well as post-traumatic stress disorder and panic disorder with agoraphobia (p < 0.05).
    Conclusions: Psychological treatment along with medication and intervention should be implemented to
    improve the overall quality of life and psychiatric disorder symptoms among the haematological cancer
    patients.
    Key words: Anxiety; Depression; Hematologic neoplasms; Quality of life
    Matched MeSH terms: Depressive Disorder, Major/epidemiology*; Depressive Disorder, Major/psychology*
  11. Paternal age and common mental disorders
    Krishnaswamy S, Subramaniam K, Indran H, Ramachandran P, Indran T, Indran R, et al.
    World J. Biol. Psychiatry, 2009;10(4 Pt 2):518-23.
    PMID: 19191074 DOI: 10.1080/15622970802653691
    There is evidence in the literature that there are associations between advancing paternal age and psychosis or more specifically schizophrenia, but not enough to support a strong link between advancing paternal age and common mental disorders.
    Matched MeSH terms: Depressive Disorder/etiology; Depressive Disorder/epidemiology
  12. Severity of visual impairment and depression among elderly Malaysians
    Noran NH, Izzuna MG, Bulgiba AM, Mimiwati Z, Ayu SM
    Asia Pac J Public Health, 2009 Jan;21(1):43-50.
    PMID: 19124335 DOI: 10.1177/1010539508327353
    OBJECTIVE: This study aimed at evaluating the relationship between severity of visual impairment and depression among elderly Malaysians attending an eye clinic.
    METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study. The study population included patients, aged>or=60 years who attended the Eye Clinic in University Malaya Medical Centre. Exposure measurement was based on ophthalmologic examinations by an ophthalmologist. Data on outcome were measured using the Geriatric Depression Scale.
    RESULTS: After adjusting for important confounders, severity of visual impairment either having low vision or blind were independent risk factors of depression. The odds of developing depression among elderly with low vision were 2 times more than those with normal vision, and elderly who were blind had almost 5 times the odds to be depressed compared with those having normal vision.
    CONCLUSION: Findings from this study suggest a positive relationship between the severity of visual impairment and depression among elderly Malaysians.
    Study site: Eye Clinic, University Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
    Device, Questionnaire & Scale: Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15)
    Matched MeSH terms: Depressive Disorder/ethnology; Depressive Disorder/epidemiology*
  13. Fulltext Emotional incontinence--the other poststroke phenomenon
    Bharathi V, Lee FS
    Med J Malaysia, 2006 Oct;61(4):490-2.
    PMID: 17243530
    Emotional incontinence is a disorder of emotional control following brain damage. It refers to the heightened tendency to cry or less commonly laugh, out of proportion to the underlying mood. Recognition of this phenomenon is often lacking as it is confused with other related sequelae of brain damage such as depression. This is a case report of an elderly female exhibiting poststroke emotional incontinence.
    Matched MeSH terms: Depressive Disorder, Major/drug therapy; Depressive Disorder, Major/etiology*
  14. Fulltext The prevalence of depression among elderly warded in a tertiary care centre in Wilayah Persekutuan
    Mohd Sidik S, Rampal L, Hanim MA, Thong PL
    Med J Malaysia, 2006 Mar;61(1):15-21.
    PMID: 16708729
    Depression is characterized by symptoms like disturbance in behavior, cognition and mood. This is commonly known to affect people aged 60 years and above especially those who are also afflicted with illnesses. The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of depression and its associated factors among the elderly in a tertiary care centre in Wilayah Persekutuan. A cross sectional study design was done. Stratified cluster sampling method was used to select the respondents. All elderly patients were selected from the orthopaedic, surgical, gynaecology and medical wards in a government hospital in Wilayah Persekutuan. A 30-item Geriatric Depression Scale questionnaire was used as a screening instrument. Out of the 246 elderly subjects, 198 were interviewed giving a response rate of 80.5%. The results showed that 54% of the elderly respondents were found to have depressive symptoms. Age (p=0.022), sex (p=0.008), ethnicity (p=0.022) and functional disabilities in bathing (p=0.001), grooming (p=0.007), dressing (p= 0.007), using the toilet (p=0.002), transferring from bed to chair and back (p=0.000), mobility (p=0.000) and climbing stairs (p=0.000) were all found to be significantly associated with depression among the elderly respondents. The outcome of this study will have an important impact on the implementation of the health policy for the elderly patients admitted to hospitals.
    Matched MeSH terms: Depressive Disorder/diagnosis; Depressive Disorder/epidemiology*
  15. A comparative study of sertraline dosages, plasma concentrations, efficacy and adverse reactions in Chinese versus Caucasian patients
    Hong Ng C, Norman TR, Naing KO, Schweitzer I, Kong Wai Ho B, Fan A, et al.
    Int Clin Psychopharmacol, 2006 Mar;21(2):87-92.
    PMID: 16421459
    This prospective 6-week study examined the differences in dosage and steady state plasma concentrations of sertraline in Chinese versus Caucasian depressed patients. Two groups of Chinese patients from different geographical sites and a group of Caucasian patients were evaluated with clinical measures during an initial dose of 50 mg/day, with subsequent doses adjusted clinically. The results of 17 Australian Chinese (ACHI), 13 Malaysian Chinese (MCHI) and 15 Australian Caucasians (AC) were analysed. Despite controlling for weight, the AC subjects received a significantly higher dose than both the ACHI (P = 0.002) and the MCHI groups (P = 0.012). However, the mean sertraline concentration to dose ratios at weeks 1 and 6 were not significantly different between the three groups. Sertraline was effective and well tolerated in both ethnic groups with few adverse events. Although there was a lack of difference between groups in the pharmacokinetic results, Chinese depressed patients appeared to require lower dosages with consequently lower plasma concentrations of sertraline compared to Caucasian patients to achieve clinical efficacy. Further studies of the dosages, kinetics and adverse effects of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors linked with genotyping are necessary.
    Matched MeSH terms: Depressive Disorder/drug therapy; Depressive Disorder/ethnology
  16. Fulltext Diabetes-related distress, depression and distress-depression among adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Malaysia
    Chew BH, Vos R, Mohd-Sidik S, Rutten GE
    PLoS One, 2016;11(3):e0152095.
    PMID: 27002728 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152095
    Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) brings about an increasing psychosocial problem in adult patients. Prevalence data on and associated factors of diabetes related distress (DRD) and depression have been lacking in Asia. This study aimed to examine the prevalence of DRD and depression, and their associated factors in Asian adult T2DM patients. This study was conducted in three public health clinics measuring DRD (Diabetes Distress Scale, DDS), and depression (Patient Health Questionnaire, PHQ). Patients who were at least 30 years of age, had T2DM for more than one year, with regular follow-up and recent laboratory results (< 3 months) were consecutively recruited. Associations between DRD, depression and the combination DRD-depression with demographic and clinical characteristics were analysed using generalized linear models. From 752 invited people, 700 participated (mean age 56.9 years, 52.8% female, 52.9% Malay, 79.1% married). Prevalence of DRD and depression were 49.2% and 41.7%, respectively. Distress and depression were correlated, spearman's r = 0.50. Patients with higher DRD were younger (OR 0.995, 95% CI 0.996 to 0.991), Chinese (OR 1.2, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.29), attending Dengkil health clinic (OR 1.1, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.22) and had higher scores on the PHQ (OR 1.1, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.06). Depression was less likely in the unmarried compared to divorced/separately living and those attending Dengkil health clinic, but more likely in patients with microvascular complications (OR 1.4, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.73) and higher DDS (OR 1.03, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.03). For the combination of DRD and depression, unemployment (OR 4.7, 95% CI 1.02 to 21.20) had positive association, whereas those under medical care at the Salak health clinics (OR 0.28, 95% CI 0.12 to 0.63), and those with a blood pressure > 130/80 mmHg (OR 0.53, 95% CI 0.32 to 0.89) were less likely to experience both DRD and depression. DRD and depression were common and correlated in Asian adults with T2DM at primary care level. Socio-demographic more than clinical characteristics were related to DRD and depression.
    Matched MeSH terms: Depressive Disorder/etiology*; Depressive Disorder/epidemiology*
  17. Anhedonia in depressed patients on treatment with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor anti-depressant--A two-centered study in Malaysia
    Yee A, Chin SC, Hashim AH, Harbajan Singh MK, Loh HS, Sulaiman AH, et al.
    Int J Psychiatry Clin Pract, 2015;19(3):182-7.
    PMID: 25874350 DOI: 10.3109/13651501.2015.1031139
    Anhedonia is the reduced ability to experience pleasure. It is a core symptom of depression and is particularly difficult to treat. This study aims to compare the level of anhedonia between depressed patients on anti-depressants and healthy subjects.
    Matched MeSH terms: Depressive Disorder/drug therapy; Depressive Disorder/epidemiology*
  18. Religious--sociocultural psychotherapy in patients with anxiety and depression
    Razali SM, Hasanah CI, Aminah K, Subramaniam M
    Aust N Z J Psychiatry, 1998 Dec;32(6):867-72.
    PMID: 10084352
    To show the effectiveness of incorporating religious-sociocultural components in the management of patients with generalised anxiety disorders and major depression who have strong religious and cultural backgrounds as compared with a normal psychotherapeutic approach.
    Matched MeSH terms: Depressive Disorder/psychology; Depressive Disorder/therapy*
  19. Disability in schizophrenia and mood disorders in a developing country
    Rahman MB, Indran SK
    Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol, 1997 Oct;32(7):387-90.
    PMID: 9383969
    The aim of this study was to investigate how the prevalence and severity of psychiatric disabilities in patients with chronic schizophrenia compares with that in patients with chronic mood disorders. A total of 128 patients, 80 with chronic schizophrenia and 48 with chronic mood disorders as confirmed by DSM-III-R, were examined using the World Health Organization Psychiatric Disability Assessment Schedule (WHO/ DAS). There were no significant differences in the prevalence and severity of disabilities between the two disorders. Two-thirds of the patients with chronic schizophrenia and over half the patients with chronic mood disorders had dysfunctional behaviour and experienced significant disabilities. The prevalence of disabilities among these Malaysian patients was not markedly different from that seen in developed countries, suggesting that the prognosis in developing countries may not be as favourable as previously thought.
    Matched MeSH terms: Depressive Disorder/epidemiology*; Depressive Disorder/psychology
  20. Fulltext Cortical haemodynamic response measured by functional near infrared spectroscopy during a verbal fluency task in patients with major depression and borderline personality disorder
    Husain SF, Tang TB, Yu R, Tam WW, Tran B, Quek TT, et al.
    EBioMedicine, 2020 Jan;51:102586.
    PMID: 31877417 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.11.047
    BACKGROUND: Functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) provides a direct and quantitative assessment of cortical haemodynamic function during a cognitive task. This functional neuroimaging modality may be used to elucidate the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders, and identify neurophysiological differences between co-occurring psychiatric disorders. However, fNIRS research on borderline personality disorder (BPD) has been limited. Hence, this study aimed to compare cerebral haemodynamic function in healthy controls (HC), patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and patients with BPD.

    METHODS: fNIRS signals during a verbal fluency task designed for clinical assessment was recorded for all participants. Demographics, clinical history and symptom severity were also noted.

    FINDINGS: Compared to HCs (n = 31), both patient groups (MDD, n = 31; BPD, n = 31) displayed diminished haemodynamic response in the frontal, temporal and parietal cortices. Moreover, haemodynamic response in the right frontal cortex is markedly lower in patients with MDD compared to patients with BPD.

    INTERPRETATION: Normal cortical function in patients with BPD is disrupted, but not as extensively as in patients with MDD. These results provide further neurophysiological evidence for the distinction of patients with MDD from patients with BPD.

    Matched MeSH terms: Depressive Disorder, Major/complications*; Depressive Disorder, Major/physiopathology*
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