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  1. Fulltext Can Building "Artificially Intelligent Cities" Safeguard Humanity from Natural Disasters, Pandemics, and Other Catastrophes? An Urban Scholar's Perspective
    Yigitcanlar T, Butler L, Windle E, Desouza KC, Mehmood R, Corchado JM
    Sensors (Basel), 2020 May 25;20(10).
    PMID: 32466175 DOI: 10.3390/s20102988
    In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) has started to manifest itself at an unprecedented pace. With highly sophisticated capabilities, AI has the potential to dramatically change our cities and societies. Despite its growing importance, the urban and social implications of AI are still an understudied area. In order to contribute to the ongoing efforts to address this research gap, this paper introduces the notion of an artificially intelligent city as the potential successor of the popular smart city brand-where the smartness of a city has come to be strongly associated with the use of viable technological solutions, including AI. The study explores whether building artificially intelligent cities can safeguard humanity from natural disasters, pandemics, and other catastrophes. All of the statements in this viewpoint are based on a thorough review of the current status of AI literature, research, developments, trends, and applications. This paper generates insights and identifies prospective research questions by charting the evolution of AI and the potential impacts of the systematic adoption of AI in cities and societies. The generated insights inform urban policymakers, managers, and planners on how to ensure the correct uptake of AI in our cities, and the identified critical questions offer scholars directions for prospective research and development.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prospective Studies
  2. Racial differences in fetal morphometry in Singapore
    Yeo GS, Chan WB, Lun KC, Lai FM
    Ann Acad Med Singap, 1994 May;23(3):371-6.
    PMID: 7944253
    A systematic collection of fetal morphometric measurements was started seven years ago in 1987 with the prospective entry of data into personal computer-based stations in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Singapore General Hospital. A cross-sectional study was done, comparing 2392 Chinese fetuses with 2117 Malay fetuses and 459 Indian fetuses from 18 to 40 weeks. The mean values of the head circumference (HC), abdominal circumference (AC) and femur length (FL) of the 3 ethnic groups were analysed. There were no statistical significant differences in the head circumference and abdominal circumference of Chinese, Malay and Indian fetuses in Singapore. The Chinese and Malay fetal femur length appeared similar but were apparently shorter than the Indian femur length. Nomograms of head circumference, abdominal circumference and femur length were constructed for application to fetuses of all 3 ethnic groups.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prospective Studies
  3. Novel active fixation mechanism permits precise placement of a left ventricular lead: early results from a multicenter clinical study
    Yee R, Gadler F, Hussin A, Bin Omar R, Khaykin Y, Verma A, et al.
    Heart Rhythm, 2014 Jul;11(7):1150-5.
    PMID: 24801899 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2014.04.020
    Left ventricular (LV) lead implantation for cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is associated with lead dislodgement rates ranging from 3% to 10%, and some implant approaches to prevent dislodgement may contribute to suboptimal CRT response. We report our early human experience with an LV lead with a side helix for active fixation to the coronary vein wall.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prospective Studies
  4. Fulltext Prophylactic antibiotics in orthopaedic surgery: guidelines and practice
    Yeap JS, Lim JW, Vergis M, Au Yeung PS, Chiu CK, Singh H
    Med J Malaysia, 2006 Jun;61(2):181-8.
    PMID: 16898309
    The national clinical practice guideline has recommended that prophylactic antibiotic be given in orthopaedic surgery involving joint replacements and internal fixation of fractures. The aim of this study is to assess the current antibiotics prophylaxis practice in a state level hospital. One hundred and three patients (68 males, 35 females; mean age 41.6 +/- 22.2 years) undergoing internal fixation for closed fractures and joint replacement surgery were included in this prospective study. The choice of pre and post-operative antibiotics, their dosages and duration of administration were recorded. The pre-operative antibiotics were only deemed to have been given if it was documented in the case notes and in the case of post-operative antibiotics if it was signed on the drug chart. Eighty eight percent were given pre-operative prophylactic antibiotics and 92% were given post-operative antibiotics. For patients undergoing internal fixation of fractures, the most commonly used antibiotic for both pre and post-op is intravenous cefuroxime. For joint replacement surgery, the most commonly used antibiotic is intravenous cefoperazone. The duration or number of doses of post-operative antibiotics was highly variable. It was not stated in 56% of the post-operative instructions. Post-operative antibiotic was ordered for 48 hours or longer in 10%. In conclusion, prophylactic antibiotics appear to be widely practised. The first line antibiotics as recommended by the present guideline were not given in any of the patients. Second generation followed by third generation cephalosporins are the most popular antibiotics, with a trend towards using third generation cephalosporins in arthroplasty patients. Single dose prophylaxis was rarely practised.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prospective Studies
  5. Fulltext Microarray Profiling of Differentially Expressed Genes in Coronary Artery Bypass Grafts of High-Risk Patients with Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunctions
    Yazit NAA, Juliana N, Kadiman S, Hafidz KM, Mohd Fahmi Teng NI, Abdul Hamid N, et al.
    Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2023 Jan 13;20(2).
    PMID: 36674212 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20021457
    Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is cognitive decline after surgery. The authors hypothesized that gene-level changes could be involved in the pathogenesis of POCD. The present study evaluated the incidence of POCD and its associated differentially expressed genes. This was a prospective cohort study conducted on high-risk coronary artery bypass graft patients aged 40 to 75 years. POCD classification was based on a one standard deviation decline in the postoperative scores compared to the preoperative scores. The differentially expressed genes were identified using microarray analysis and validated using quantitative RT-PCR. Forty-six patients were recruited and completed the study. The incidence of POCD was identified using a set of neurocognitive assessments and found to be at 17% in these high-risk CABG patients. Six samples were selected for the gene expression analyses (3 non-POCD and 3 POCD samples). The findings showed five differentially expressed genes in the POCD group compared to the non-POCD group. The upregulated gene was ERFE, whereas the downregulated genes were KIR2DS2, KIR2DS3, KIR3DL2, and LIM2. According to the results, the gene expression profiles of POCD can be used to find potential proteins for POCD diagnostic and predictive biomarkers. Understanding the molecular mechanism of POCD development will further lead to early detection and intervention to reduce the severity of POCD, and hence, reduce the mortality and morbidity rate due to the condition.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prospective Studies
  6. Benchmarking the performance of MM/PBSA in virtual screening enrichment using the GPCR-Bench dataset
    Yau MQ, Emtage AL, Loo JSE
    J Comput Aided Mol Des, 2020 Nov;34(11):1133-1145.
    PMID: 32851579 DOI: 10.1007/s10822-020-00339-5
    Recent breakthroughs in G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) crystallography and the subsequent increase in number of solved GPCR structures has allowed for the unprecedented opportunity to utilize their experimental structures for structure-based drug discovery applications. As virtual screening represents one of the primary computational methods used for the discovery of novel leads, the GPCR-Bench dataset was created to facilitate comparison among various virtual screening protocols. In this study, we have benchmarked the performance of Molecular Mechanics/Poisson-Boltzmann Surface Area (MM/PBSA) in improving virtual screening enrichment in comparison to docking with Glide, using the entire GPCR-Bench dataset of 24 GPCR targets and 254,646 actives and decoys. Reranking the top 10% of the docked dataset using MM/PBSA resulted in improvements for six targets at EF1% and nine targets at EF5%, with the gains in enrichment being more pronounced at the EF1% level. We additionally assessed the utility of rescoring the top ten poses from docking and the ability of short MD simulations to refine the binding poses prior to MM/PBSA calculations. There was no clear trend of the benefit observed in both cases, suggesting that utilizing a single energy minimized structure for MM/PBSA calculations may be the most computationally efficient approach in virtual screening. Overall, the performance of MM/PBSA rescoring in improving virtual screening enrichment obtained from docking of the GPCR-Bench dataset was found to be relatively modest and target-specific, highlighting the need for validation of MM/PBSA-based protocols prior to prospective use.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prospective Studies
  7. Predictors of sustained six months quitting success: efforts of smoking cessation in low intensity smoke-free workplaces
    Yasin SM, Retneswari M, Moy FM, Taib KM, Ismail N
    Ann Acad Med Singap, 2013 Aug;42(8):401-7.
    PMID: 24045376
    INTRODUCTION: This study aims to identify the predictors of a 6-month quitting success among employees involved in workplace smoking cessation with low-intensity smoke-free policy.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: A multicentre prospective cohort study was conducted among employees from 2 different public universities in Malaysia. Interventions include at least 2 sessions of behavioural therapy combined with free nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) for 8 weeks. Participants were followed up for 6 months. Independent variables assessed were on sociodemographic and environmental tobacco smoke. Their quit status were determined at 1 week, 3 months and 6 months.

    RESULTS: One hundred and eighty- five smokers volunteered to participate. Among the participants, 15% and 13% sustained quit at 3 months and 6 months respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that at 6 months, attending all 3 behavioural sessions predicted success. None of the environmental tobacco exposure variables were predictive of sustained cessation.

    CONCLUSION: Individual predictors of success in intra-workplace smoking cessation programmes do not differ from the conventional clinic-based smoking cessation. Furthermore, environmental tobacco exposure in low intensity smoke-free workplaces has limited influence on smokers who succeeded in maintaining 6 months quitting.

    Matched MeSH terms: Prospective Studies
  8. Fulltext Can initial perceptions about quitting predict smoking cessation among Malaysian smokers?
    Yasin SM, Masilamani R, Ming MF, Koh D, Zaki RA
    Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 2012 Mar;43(2):501-9.
    PMID: 23082600
    Perceived risks and benefits of quitting smoking may be important factors in successful treatment. This study examined the association between initial perceived risks and benefits of quitting smoking and outcomes during a two month smoking cessation attempt. Participants (n = 185) were treatment-seeking smokers attending two smoking cessation clinics in Klang Valley, Malaysia. They received structured behavioral therapy and free Nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT). Prior to treatment, a 12 item Perceived Risks and Benefits Questionnaire (PRBQ) was administered. This was used to assess the smoker's initial perceptions during their quit attempt. Participants were re-contacted at the end of two months to determine their smoking status. The results show participants intending to quit demonstrated a greater understanding of the benefits of quitting smoking than the risks of quitting. Those with a higher education level had a greater understanding of the benefits of quitting (p = 0.02). PRBQ items, such as perceived risks of quitting (ie weight gain, negative affect, social ostracism, loss of enjoyment and craving) were not associated with abstinence at two months. However, those who perceived a benefit of higher physical attraction post-cessation were less likely to have stopped smoking at two months (OR 0.18; 95% CI 0.08-0.45). Other perceived benefits at baseline, such as health, general well-being, self-esteem, finances and social approval, were not associated with smoking cessation at two months. The results suggest that in our study population, smokers' baseline perceptions of the benefits of cessation of smoking prior to therapy are not associated with quit results at two months. Counseling patients regarding the advantages and disadvantages of quitting may have changed their perceptions during quitting process and should be further explored in future studies.
    Study site: Smoking cessation clinics, University Malaya and Universiti Teknology Mara, Klang Valley, Malaysia
    Matched MeSH terms: Prospective Studies
  9. Timing and risk factors associated with relapse among smokers attempting to quit in Malaysia
    Yasin SM, Moy FM, Retneswari M, Isahak M, Koh D
    Int J Tuberc Lung Dis, 2012 Jul;16(7):980-5.
    PMID: 22507850 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.11.0748
    Many smokers attempt to quit smoking, but very few succeed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prospective Studies
  10. Fulltext Predictors of smoking cessation among staff in public Universities in Klang Valley, Malaysia
    Yasin SM, Masilamani R, Ming MF, Koh D
    Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2011;12(3):811-6.
    PMID: 21627389
    Smoking cessation studies are often performed in clinic based settings. The present example aimed to find predictors of success among staff in worksite smoking cessation programmes in two major public universities in Klang Valley, Malaysia. All staff from both universities received an open invitation via staff e-mail and letters to participate. At the start of treatment, participants were administered the Rhode Island Stress and Coping Questionnaire and Family Support Redding's Questionnaire. Behaviour therapy with free nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) were given as treatment. After two months, they were contacted to determine their smoking status. 185 staff from University A (n=138) and University B (n=47), responded and voluntarily showed interest to quit. There was no significant difference in respondents with respect to socio demographic characteristics and smoking history. After two months of treatment, quit rates were 24% in University A vs. 38 % in University B (p>0.05). Univariate predictors of cessation were adherence to NRT (p<0.001), smoking fewer cigarettes per day (p<0.05) and the number of behaviour therapy sessions attended (p<0.001). Logistic regression identified 3 significant predictors of smoking cessation. Participants attending more than one session (OR= 27.00; 95% CI : 6.50; 111.6), and having higher pre-treatment general stress (OR= 2.15; 95% CI: 1.14; 4.05) were more likely to quit, while a higher number of cigarettes smoked (OR= 0.19: 95% CI: 0.06; 0.59) reduced the likelihood of quitting. Increasing age, ability to cope with stress and family support were not significant predictors. We conclude that factors such as the number of counseling sessions, the amount of cigarettes smoked at baseline, adherence to NRT and pretreatment stress are important considerations for success in a worksite smoking cessation programme.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prospective Studies
  11. Fulltext Smokers can quit regardless of motivation stage in a worksite smoking cessation programme in Malaysia
    Yasin SM, Retneswari M, Moy FM, Koh D, Isahak M
    Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2011;12(9):2193-8.
    PMID: 22296355
    BACKGROUND: There is an unclear relationship between smoker's early motivation and success rates. Here we aimed to explore the correlates of motivation and smoking abstinence and relapse in worksite smoking cessation programmes.
    METHODS: This prospective cohort study involved employees from two major public universities in Malaysia. Participants were actively recruited into a smoking cessation programme. At the start of treatment, participants were administered a questionnaire on sociodemographic variables, smoking habits and 'stage of change'. Behaviour therapy with free nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) was given as treatment for two months. A similar stage of change questionnaire was given at six months, and their smoking status was determined.
    RESULTS: There were 185 smokers from both Universities, who joined the programme. At six months, 24 smokers reported sustained abstinence while the others had relapsed. Prior to the programme, the majority of smokers were seriously planning on quitting (59.5%--preparation stage), but over a third had no plans to quit (35.5%--contemplation stage). There was no significant difference noted in changes of motivation stage among the relapsers and the non quitters. In addition, logistic regression showed that sustained abstinence was not predicted by pre-session motivation stage, but this did predict higher relapse for the participants, compared to those in the preparation stage.
    CONCLUSION: It is possible to help smokers in the lower motivation groups to quit, provided extra caution is taken to prevent relapse. Healthcare providers' recruitment strategies for cessation programmes should thus encompass smokers in all motivation stages.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prospective Studies
  12. Uncovering the sleep disorders among young doctors
    Yasin R, Muntham D, Chirakalwasan N
    Sleep Breath, 2016 Dec;20(4):1137-1144.
    PMID: 27535070 DOI: 10.1007/s11325-016-1380-6
    PURPOSE: Sleepiness and tiredness are common complaints among young doctors. Sleep deprivation is believed to be the main culprit. However, we believe that there may be other sleep disorders which may contribute to these symptoms such as occult obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

    METHODS: A prospective cross-sectional study was performed among young doctors less than 40 years old, working at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand, and Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, using questionnaires and home sleep apnea testing (Apnealink™Plus). The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of OSA (apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) ≥5). The secondary objectives were to evaluate the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) defined by AHI ≥5 + excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), sleep deprivation (the difference of weekend (non-workdays) and weekday (workdays) wake-up time of at least 2 h), EDS (Epworth Sleepiness Scale score ≥10), tiredness, and perception of inadequate sleep as well as to identify their predictors.

    RESULTS: Total of 52 subjects completed the study. Mean age and mean body mass index (BMI) were 31.3 ± 4 and 23.3 ± 3.6, respectively. The prevalence of OSA and OSAS were 40.4 and 5.8 %, respectively. One third of OSA subjects were at least moderate OSA. Prevalence of sleep deprivation, EDS, tiredness, and perception of inadequate sleep were 44.2, 15.4, 65.4, and 61.5 %, respectively. History of snoring, being male, and perception of inadequate sleep were significant predictors for OSA with the odds ratio of 34.5 (p = 0.016, 95 % CI = 1.92-619.15), 18.8 (p = 0.001, 95 % CI = 3.10-113.41), and 7.4 (p = 0.037, 95 % CI = 1.13-48.30), respectively. Only observed apnea was a significant predictor for OSAS with odds ratio of 30.7 (p = 0.012, 95 % CI = 2.12-442.6). Number of naps per week was a significant predictor for EDS with the odds ratio of 1.78 (p = 0.007, 95 % CI = 1.17-2.71). OSA and total number of call days per month were significant predictors for tiredness with the odds ratio of 4.8 (p = 0.036, 95 % CI = 1.11-20.72) and 1.3 (p = 0.050, 95 % CI = 1.0004-1.61), respectively. OSA was the only significant predictor for perception of inadequate sleep with the odd ratios of 4.5 (p = 0.022, 95 % CI = 1.24-16.59).

    CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrated relatively high prevalence of OSA and OSAS among young doctors. Snoring, being male, and perception of inadequate sleep were significant predictors for OSA. Observed apnea was a significant predictor for OSAS. OSA was a significant predictor for tiredness and perception of inadequate sleep.

    Matched MeSH terms: Prospective Studies
  13. Evaluation of serological transfusion-transmitted viral diseases and mutliplex nucleic acid testing in malaysian blood donors
    Yaseen SG, Ahmed SA, Johan MF, Kiron R, Daher AM
    Transfus Apher Sci, 2013 Dec;49(3):647-51.
    PMID: 23890575 DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2013.07.003
    Transmission of infectious diseases is a recognized complication of blood transfusion and blood products. Nucleic acid testing (NAT) may contribute to improved efficiency of blood screening and thereby increase the safety margin for transfused blood.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prospective Studies
  14. Intestinal carriage of multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria in preterm-infants during hospitalization in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU)
    Yap PS, Ahmad Kamar A, Chong CW, Yap IK, Thong KL, Choo YM, et al.
    Pathog Glob Health, 2016 Sep;110(6):238-246.
    PMID: 27650884
    The prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of intestinal carriage of Gram-negative bacteria among preterm infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in a tertiary teaching hospital in Malaysia were determined. A total of 34 stool specimens were obtained from preterm infants upon admission and once weekly up to two weeks during hospitalization. The presumptive colonies of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were selected for identification, antibiotic susceptibility testing, and subtyping by using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Out of 76 Gram-negative isolates, highest resistance was detected for amoxicillin/clavulanate (30.8%, n = 16), ceftriaxone (42.3%, n = 22), ceftazidime (28.8%, n = 15), cefoxitin (28.8%, n = 15), aztreonam (36.5%, n = 19), and polymyxin B (23.1%, n = 12). Three colistin resistant K. pneumoniae have also been detected based on E-test analysis. Thirty-nine isolates of K. pneumoniae and 20 isolates of E. coli were resistant to more than three antimicrobial classes and were categorized as multidrug resistant (MDR). PFGE analysis revealed a higher diversity in pulsotypes for K. pneumoniae (18 pulsotypes) in comparison to E. coli (four pulsotypes). In addition, a total of fifteen pulsotypes was observed from 39 MDR K. pneumoniae. The risk factors for antibiotic resistance were assessed using random forest analysis. Gender was found to be the most important predictor for colistin resistant while length, OFC, and delivery mode were showing greater predictive power in the polymyxin B resistance. This study revealed worrying prevalence rates of intestinal carriage of multidrug-resistant K. pneumoniae and E. coli of hospitalized preterm infants in Malaysia, particularly high resistance to polymyxins.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prospective Studies
  15. Customised weight-based volume contrast media protocol in CT of chest, abdomen and pelvis examination
    Yap LPP, Wong JHD, Muhammad Gowdh NF, Ng WL, Chung E, Eturajulu RC, et al.
    J Med Imaging Radiat Sci, 2021 06;52(2):257-264.
    PMID: 33531272 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmir.2021.01.003
    INTRODUCTION: Fixed volume (FV) contrast media administration during CT examination is the standard practice in most healthcare institutions. We aim to validate a customised weight-based volume (WBV) method and compare it to the conventional FV methods, introduced in a regional setting.

    METHODS: 220 patients underwent CT of the chest, abdomen and pelvis (CAP) using a standard FV protocol, and subsequently, a customised 1.0 mL/kg WBV protocol within one year. Both image sets were assessed for contrast enhancement using CT attenuation at selected regions-of-interest (ROIs). The visual image quality was evaluated by three radiologists using a 4-point Likert scale. Quantitative CT attenuation was correlated with the visual quality assessment to determine the HU's enhancement indicative of the image quality grades. Contrast media usage was calculated to estimate cost-savings from both protocols.

    RESULTS: Mean patient age was 61 ± 14 years, and weight was 56.1 ± 8.7 kg. FV protocol produced higher contrast enhancement than WBV, p 

    Matched MeSH terms: Prospective Studies
  16. The clinical benefit of cardiac resynchronization therapy for narrow QRS compared to broad QRS complex patients
    Yap LB, Qadir F, Nguyen ST, Ma SK, Koh KW, Muhammad Z, et al.
    Int J Cardiol, 2015 Mar 15;183:178-9.
    PMID: 25666128 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.01.042
    Matched MeSH terms: Prospective Studies
  17. Intravascular imaging-guided treatment of severe coronary artery calcification with orbital atherectomy: A prospective single-centre registry
    Yap LB, Choy CN, Navin S, Koh KW, Jeyamalar R, Balachandran K
    Med J Malaysia, 2023 Jan;78(1):7-13.
    PMID: 36715184
    INTRODUCTION: Coronary artery calcification can lead to suboptimal results when performing coronary angioplasty with conventional techniques. The presence of severe coronary artery calcium increases the complications of percutaneous coronary intervention as it may impede stent delivery and optimal stent expansion. The purpose of this study was to determine the procedural success and safety of orbital atherectomy (OA) in calcified lesions.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a prospective single-centre study regarding the utility of OA in the treatment of calcified coronaries. Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) or optical coherence tomography (OCT) was used in all cases to characterise the severity of calcium pre-procedure, guide vessel sizing and assess procedural success. The primary endpoint was procedural success, defined by successful stent implantation following OA treatment. The secondary endpoint was in-hospital and 30-day major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE).

    RESULTS: Ten patients with severely calcified lesions were successfully treated with OA. The primary endpoint was achieved in all patients. All of the lesions were severely calcified with concentric calcium. None of the patients suffered in-hospital or 30-day MACE. The average minimal luminal diameter at baseline was 1.7 ± 0.3 mm and the post- PCI luminal diameter was 3.0 ± 0.3 mm, with a significant luminal gain of 1.3 ± 0.3 mm (p < 0.01). Slow flow during procedure occurred in 2 (20%) cases and dissection occurred in 1 (10%) case during procedure. These were successfully treated with stent delivery to achieve TIMI III flow. There were no cases of stent thrombosis or vessel perforation.

    CONCLUSION: Our experience demonstrates the feasibility and safety of OA in the management of calcified coronary stenosis. Intravascular imaging is an important adjunct to the use of OA to assess the severity of calcified coronary lesions, success of OA treatment and to aid sizing of the vessel for stent implantation. OA is an effective treatment approach to disrupt coronary calcification, facilitating stent implantation with optimal results. It is a safe procedure with good success rate and low rate of complications.

    Matched MeSH terms: Prospective Studies
  18. The importance of air quality for underground spaces: An international survey of public attitudes
    Yap HS, Roberts AC, Luo C, Tan Z, Lee EH, Thach TQ, et al.
    Indoor Air, 2021 11;31(6):2239-2251.
    PMID: 34096640 DOI: 10.1111/ina.12863
    Space is a resource that is constantly being depleted, especially in mega-cities. Underground workspaces (UGS) are increasingly being included in urban plans and have emerged as an essential component of vertical cities. While progress had been made on the engineering aspects associated with the development of high-quality UGS, public attitudes toward UGS as work environments (ie, the public's design concerns with UGS) are relatively unknown. Here, we present the first large-scale study examining preferences and attitudes toward UGS, surveying close to 2000 participants from four cities in three continents (Singapore, Shanghai, London, and Montreal). Contrary to previous beliefs, air quality (and not lack of windows) is the major concern of prospective occupants. Windows, temperature, and lighting emerged as additional important building performance aspects for UGS. Early adopters (ie, individuals more willing to accept UGS and thus more likely to be the first occupants) across all cities prioritized air quality. Present results suggest that (perceived) air quality is a key building performance aspect for UGS that needs to be communicated to prospective occupants as this will improve their attitudes and views toward UGS. This study highlights the importance of indoor air quality for the public.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prospective Studies
  19. Psoriasis among Sarawakian natives in a tertiary skin centre in Sarawak
    Yap FBB
    Australas J Dermatol, 2010 Aug;51(3):210-1.
    PMID: 20695864 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-0960.2010.00647.x
    A prospective cross-sectional study was done between December 2007 and June 2009 in the skin clinic, Sarawak General Hospital, to determine the clinical characteristics of 138 Sarawakian natives with a clinical diagnosis of psoriasis. Women made up 50.7% and the mean age of the patients was 45.2 years. Of the group, 94.2% had chronic stable plaque psoriasis, 86.9% had a body surface area involvement of less than 10%, 60.9% had nail disease, 22.5% had joint disease and 55.1% had minimal effects to their quality of life because of their psoriasis.

    Study site: skin clinic, Sarawak General Hospital
    Matched MeSH terms: Prospective Studies
  20. Safety and efficacy of fixed-dose 10 mg daily isotretinoin treatment for acne vulgaris in Malaysia
    Yap FB
    J Cosmet Dermatol, 2017 Sep;16(3):348-352.
    PMID: 27539948 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.12268
    INTRODUCTION: Low-dose isotretinoin is used to reduce side effects albeit higher relapse. This study aimed to determine the efficacy and safety of fixed-dose 10 mg daily isotretinoin for the treatment of acne.

    METHODS: This prospective study was performed between 2011 and 2015. All 150 patients were given 10 mg daily isotretinoin until a cumulative dose of 90-110 mg/kg.

    RESULTS: The mean age was 26.6 years with 64.7% moderate acne, 29.3% severe, and 6% very severe. The mean cumulative dose was 98.8 ± 6.05 mg/kg. All 150 patients had total clearance with a mean time to clearance of 24.0 weeks. Patients with severe/very severe acne had higher cumulative dosage (102.1 vs. 97.0, P 

    Matched MeSH terms: Prospective Studies
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