Displaying publications 81 - 100 of 2314 in total

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  1. Fulltext A new record of Fannia prisca Stein, 1918 (Diptera:Fanniidae) from peninsular Malaysia
    Heo CC, Kurahashi H, Nishida K, Tan Siew H, Mohamed Z, Mohamed AM, et al.
    Trop Biomed, 2008 Dec;25(3):254-6.
    PMID: 19287366
    Fannia prisca Stein, 1918 is newly recorded from peninsular Malaysia. This record is based on 4 male specimens from Mount Berembun, Brinchang, Cameron Highland, Pahang state, peninsular Malaysia. It is previously recorded from China, Mongolia, Korea, Japan, Taiwan, Bonin Island, Thailand and oriental region. The male of Fannia prisca can be differentiated from male Fannia scalaris by the following features: for F. prisca, mid-coxa without spine; mid-tibia normal or without stout triangular ventral projection; and hind tibia usually with 2 av, while F. scalaris has several stout hook-like spines on the anterior margin; mid-tibia with stout triangular ventral projection and hind tibia usually with 3 av. Both F. prisca and F. scalaris can be differentiated from Fannia leucosticta by looking at its hind tibia, which only has 1 av.
    Matched MeSH terms: Time Factors
  2. Fulltext Saponin Stabilization via Progressive Freeze Concentration and Sterilization Treatment
    Osman WNAW, Selvarajah D, Samsuri S
    Molecules, 2021 Aug 11;26(16).
    PMID: 34443445 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26164856
    Saponin is a biopesticide used to suppress the growth of the golden apple snail population. This study aims to determine the stabilized conditions for saponin storage. The maceration process was used for saponin extraction, and for saponin concentration, progressive freeze concentration (PFC) was used. Afterwards, stability analysis was performed by storing the sample for 21 days in two conditions: Room temperature (26 °C) and cold room (10 °C). The samples kept in a cold room were sterilized samples that undergo thermal treatment by placing the sample in the water bath. The non-sterilized samples were kept in room temperature condition for 21 days. The results showed that saponin stored in the cold room (sterilized sample) has low degradation with higher concentration than those stored at room temperature in stability analysis with the highest saponin concentration (0.730 mg/mL) at a concentration temperature of -6 °C and concentration time of 15 min. The lowest saponin concentration obtained by saponin stored at room temperature (non-sterilized sample) is 0.025 mg/mL at a concentration temperature of -6 °C and concentration time of 10 min. Thus, the finding concluded that saponin is sensitive to temperature. Hence, the best storage condition to store saponin after thermal treatment is to keep it in a cold room at 10 °C.
    Matched MeSH terms: Time Factors
  3. Fulltext Dynamic hip screw compared to condylar blade plate in the treatment of unstable fragility intertrochanteric fractures
    Yong CK, Tan CN, Penafort R, Singh DA, Varaprasad MV
    Malays Orthop J, 2009;3(1):13-18.
    MyJurnal
    Dynamic hip screw (DHS) fixation is considered standard treatment for most intertrochanteric fractures. However, excessive sliding at the fracture site and medialisation of femoral shaft may lead in fixation failure. In contrast, fixed-angled 95° condylar blade plate (CBP) has no effective dynamic capacity and causes little bone loss compared to DHS. We compared the outcome of 57consecutive unstable intertrochanteric fragility fractures treated with these two fixation methods. CBP instrumentation is more difficult requiring longer incision, operating time and higher surgeon-reported operative difficulty. The six month post-operative mortality rate is 16%. Post-operative Harris hip scores were comparable between the two methods. Limb length shortening more than 20 mm was 6-fold more common with DHS. In elderly patients with unstable intertrochanteric fragility fractures, fixed angled condylar blade plate appears to be a better choice than dynamic hip screws for preventing fixation failures.
    Matched MeSH terms: Operative Time
  4. Fulltext Hybrid Symbiotic Organisms Search Optimization Algorithm for Scheduling of Tasks on Cloud Computing Environment
    Abdullahi M, Ngadi MA
    PLoS One, 2016;11(6):e0158229.
    PMID: 27348127 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158229
    Cloud computing has attracted significant attention from research community because of rapid migration rate of Information Technology services to its domain. Advances in virtualization technology has made cloud computing very popular as a result of easier deployment of application services. Tasks are submitted to cloud datacenters to be processed on pay as you go fashion. Task scheduling is one the significant research challenges in cloud computing environment. The current formulation of task scheduling problems has been shown to be NP-complete, hence finding the exact solution especially for large problem sizes is intractable. The heterogeneous and dynamic feature of cloud resources makes optimum task scheduling non-trivial. Therefore, efficient task scheduling algorithms are required for optimum resource utilization. Symbiotic Organisms Search (SOS) has been shown to perform competitively with Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). The aim of this study is to optimize task scheduling in cloud computing environment based on a proposed Simulated Annealing (SA) based SOS (SASOS) in order to improve the convergence rate and quality of solution of SOS. The SOS algorithm has a strong global exploration capability and uses fewer parameters. The systematic reasoning ability of SA is employed to find better solutions on local solution regions, hence, adding exploration ability to SOS. Also, a fitness function is proposed which takes into account the utilization level of virtual machines (VMs) which reduced makespan and degree of imbalance among VMs. CloudSim toolkit was used to evaluate the efficiency of the proposed method using both synthetic and standard workload. Results of simulation showed that hybrid SOS performs better than SOS in terms of convergence speed, response time, degree of imbalance, and makespan.
    Matched MeSH terms: Reaction Time
  5. Fulltext A comparison between subvastus and midvastus approaches for staged bilateral total knee arthroplasty: a prospective, randomised study
    Masjudin, T., Kamari, Z.H.
    Malays Orthop J, 2012;6(2):31-36.
    MyJurnal
    This prospective randomised study was undertaken to compare surgical parameters as well as clinical and radiological outcomes of subvastus (SV) to midvastus (MV) approaches in staged bilateral total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Twenty-three patients, aged 55–76 years, who underwent staged bilateral TKAs, were followed up for 6 months. The SV approach was used on one knee and MV approach on the other. We found similar lateral retinacular release rates and patellar resurfacing rates between the two approaches .The SV approached knees had a more significant blood loss and increased operative time compared to the MV approached knees but they achieved significantly earlier active straightleg raises (SLR) postoperatively (p
    Matched MeSH terms: Operative Time
  6. Selected banding techniques in the identification of human chromosomes
    Yip MY
    Med J Malaysia, 1979 Sep;34(1):60-4.
    PMID: 542156
    Matched MeSH terms: Time Factors
  7. Real time quantitative PCR by the LightCycler system
    Chin, Yuet Meng, Arison Mohamad, Zubaidah Zakaria
    Buletin Persatuan Genetik Malaysia, 2002;8(1):0-0.
    MyJurnal
    For many years counting cells and identifying them under the microscope has been the conventional method to determine the number of abnormal and normal cells in cancers. During the last decade, studies have shown that the detection and quantification of residual tumor cells is important in predicting the clinical outcome of several types of hematological malignancies. Detection of
    minimal residual disease (MRD) is now becoming routinely implemented in treatment protocols and is increasingly used for guiding therapy and for evaluation of new treatment modalities (Raanani & Hashomer, 2004). A wide variety of techniques have been developed to detect residual malignant cells beyond the sensitivity of conventional approaches by cell morphology. One of these technology is by real time quantitative (RQ) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using the Taqman and LightCycler systems.
    Matched MeSH terms: Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
  8. Fulltext Forecasting ozone concentration levels using Box-Jenkins ARIMA modelling and artificial neural networks: a comparative study
    Norhashidah Awang, Ng, Kar Yong, Soo, Yin Hoeng
    MATEMATIKA, 2017;33(2):119-130.
    MyJurnal
    An accurate forecasting of tropospheric ozone (O3) concentration is benefi-
    cial for strategic planning of air quality. In this study, various forecasting techniques are
    used to forecast the daily maximum O3 concentration levels at a monitoring station
    in the Klang Valley, Malaysia. The Box-Jenkins autoregressive integrated movingaverage
    (ARIMA) approach and three types of neural network models, namely, backpropagation
    neural network, Elman recurrent neural network and radial basis function
    neural network are considered. The daily maximum data, spanning from 1 January
    2011 to 7 August 2011, was obtained from the Department of Environment, Malaysia.
    The performance of the four methods in forecasting future values of ozone concentrations
    is evaluated based on three criteria, which are root mean square error (RMSE),
    mean absolute error (MAE) and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE). The findings
    show that the Box-Jenkins approach outperformed the artificial neural network
    methods.
    Matched MeSH terms: Time
  9. Parent-report instruments for assessing feeding difficulties in children with neurological impairments: a systematic review
    Jaafar NH, Othman A, Majid NA, Harith S, Zabidi-Hussin Z
    Dev Med Child Neurol, 2019 02;61(2):135-144.
    PMID: 30079517 DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.13986
    AIM: This study aimed to review the psychometric properties and clinical application of parent-report instruments that assess feeding difficulties in children with neurological impairments.

    METHOD: Papers were identified through five electronic databases based on 15 keywords and were included if they met the following criteria: published in English, described the implementation of parent-report instruments, and included children with neurological impairments (either in the report or a related study population).

    RESULTS: In total, 1220 relevant abstracts were screened and 22 full-text articles were evaluated. The following six parent-report instruments met the inclusion criteria: (1) Screening Tool of Feeding Problems applied to children, (2) Paediatric Eating Assessment Tool, (3) Paediatric Assessment Scale for Severe Feeding Problems, (4) Montreal Children's Hospital Feeding Scale, (5) Children's Eating Behaviour Inventory, and (6) Behavioural Paediatric Feeding Assessment Scale (BPFAS). Based on comprehensive psychometric testing and consistently good results, the BPFAS was considered the most valid and reliable instrument. The BPFAS also showed good clinical applicability because it was readily available, required a short administration time, and used a simple scoring system.

    INTERPRETATION: We reviewed the available parent-report instruments for assessing feeding difficulties in children with neurological impairments. The BPFAS had the best psychometric properties and clinical applicability.

    WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS: Six parent-report instruments were suitable for assessing feeding in children with neurological impairments. The Behavioural Paediatric Feeding Assessment Scale (BPFAS) has the strongest psychometric properties. The BPFAS also has good clinical applicability.

    Matched MeSH terms: Time Management
  10. Fulltext Improving cost and time control in construction using Building Information Model (BIM): a review
    Tahir, M.M., Haron, N.A., Alias, A.H., Harun, A.N., Muhammad, I.B., Baba, D.L.
    Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology, 2018;26(1):21-36.
    MyJurnal
    The control of cost and time in construction projects is one of the most important issues in construction since the emergence of the construction industry. A successful project should meet not only quality output standards, but also time and budget objectives. The management and control of cost and time in construction is fundamental in every project. An effective cost and time management and control technique for construction projects is important in managing risk of cost overrun and delay in completion of projects. Construction projects are becoming more complex as they now involve many stakeholders from different disciplines. The emergence of Building Information Model (BIM), an alternative technology is believed to solve issues related to project cost and time control as it efficiently increases collaboration between stakeholders. The aim of this paper is to review and summarise the causes of delay and cost overrun in construction industries, which are the main causes of disputes and abandonment of projects in the industry. It was found that delays and cost overrun eat deep into the industry and leave the construction industry with a bad image for decades even with rapid advancement in technology. The review of the applications of BIM showed that most of the applications are geared towards minimising construction cost and time spent on projects. This means that the use of BIM in the management of construction projects has great impact on project cost and time.
    Matched MeSH terms: Time Management
  11. Application of chemometrics techniques to solve environmental issues in Malaysia
    Shafii NZ, Saudi ASM, Pang JC, Abu IF, Sapawe N, Kamarudin MKA, et al.
    Heliyon, 2019 Oct;5(10):e02534.
    PMID: 31667387 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02534
    There has been a growing concern on the rising of environmental issues in Malaysia over the last decade. Many environmental studies conducted in this country began to utilise the chemometrics techniques to overcome the limitation in the environmental monitoring studies. Chemometrics becomes an important tool in environmental fields to evaluate the relationship of various environmental variables particularly in a large and complex database. The review aimed to analyse and summarize the current evidences and limitations on the application of chemometrics techniques in the environmental studies in Malaysia. The study performed a comprehensive review of relevant scientific journals concerning on the major environmental issues in the country, published between 2013 and 2017. A total of 29 papers which focused on the environmental issues were reviewed. Available evidences suggested that chemometrics techniques have a greater accuracy, flexibility and efficiency to be applied in environmental modelling. It also reported that chemometrics techniques are more practical for cost effective and time management in sampling and monitoring purposes. However, chemometrics is relatively new in environmental field in Malaysia and various scopes need to be considered in the future as the current studies focused on very limited number of major environmental issues. Overall, chemometrics techniques have a lot of advantages in solving environmental problems. The development of chemometrics in environmental studies in the country is necessary to advance understanding, thus able to produce more significant impacts towards the effective environmental management.
    Matched MeSH terms: Time Management
  12. Effect of pro-degradant additive on photo-oxidative aging of polypropylene film
    Noor Zalikha Mohamed Islam, Nadras Othman, Zulkifli Ahmad, Hanafi Ismail
    Sains Malaysiana, 2011;40:1123-1127.
    This paper describes the effect of pro-degradant additives (PDA) on photo-oxidative aging of polypropylene (PP) films after being time accelerated in UV-weathering chamber. Thin films (0.12 mm) containing these additives were prepared by sheeting process. The effect of UV on PP films in the presence of these additives was investigated. Changes in the PP films appearance, tensile properties and carbonyl index (CI) were used to investigate the degradation behavior. The films became completely pulverised after 100 h of photo-oxidative treatment and could not be tested further. Films containing PDA showed rapid loss in tensile properties within 100 h of photo-oxidative aging. In addition, the CI results of photo-oxidative films increased with increasing PDA amount within the time interval of aging and the activity was due to the mechanism reaction of PP with PDA particles. During the aging process the material becomes denser due to tighter packing and incorporation of oxygen into the amorphous regions of the polymer. The results indicated that the presence of PDA contributed to the photo degradation and the activity was very much influenced by the amount PDA.
    Matched MeSH terms: Time Perception
  13. Effect of BaAl2O4 addition on power consumption and oxygen sensing response of Er123 ceramic rods utilizing hot-spot phenomenon
    Hassan M, Yahya A, Okamoto T
    Sains Malaysiana, 2011;40.
    In this paper, we report the effect of BaAl2O4 addition (0-30 wt. %) on power consumption and oxygen sensing response of hot-spots developed on short Er123 ceramic rods of around 12 mm length synthesized using standard solid-state reaction. All the sensor rods showed increase in output current with increasing voltage followed by sudden reduction in output current and appearance of hot spot. After appearance of hot spot, for each rod, output current was observed to decrease gradually with increasing voltage with the slope of the I-V curve gradually approaching zero. Output current after the hot spot formation showed sensitivity to oxygen partial pressure, pO2 between 1 to 100 kPa. Addition of 30 wt. % BaAl2O4 reduced the fluctuation of current and increased the sensitivity for pO2 below 10 kPa. In addition, overshoot current was also reduced and resulted in improvement of response time from around 10 s to 5 s. Our result also showed that minimum power consumption was significantly reduced in the Er123 rods with 30 wt. % BaAl2O4.
    Matched MeSH terms: Reaction Time
  14. Synthesis of iron oxide (Fe304) magnetic nanocrystals by green chemistry approach
    Chiu W, Too S, Daud S, Rashid N, Chia M, Rahman S, et al.
    Sains Malaysiana, 2014;43:941-945.
    In the present study, we report the size distribution study on the iron oxide (Fe304) magnetic nanocrystals (Ncs), which have been synthesized by using green chemistry approach with palm-oil based carboxylic compound (oleic acid) as capping ligands . The Fe304 Ncs were prepared by one pot reaction under non-hydrolytic approach. With the assistance of oleic acid that plays the role as effective capping-ligands , we showed that the Fe304 NCs that are highly monodispersed in size and shape can be synthesized by scrupulously controlling the reaction time. The diameter of Fe304 Ncs can be tuned within the range of 4.0-18.0 nm and exhibit very uniform morphology, which are spherical in shape. Current synthetic approach offers a cheap, environmentally benign and excellent repeatability route in large-scale production of high-quality magnetic Fe304 Ncs if compared to the preceding reports.
    Matched MeSH terms: Reaction Time
  15. Accumulation of settling particles in some coral reef areas of Peninsular Malaysia
    Lee JN, Che Abd Rahim Mohamed
    Sains Malaysiana, 2011;40:1179-1186.
    The aim of this study was to determine the accumulation of settling particles in coral reefs of Peninsular Malaysia. Settling particles were collected from the coral reefs of Port Dickson, Pulau Langkawi, Pulau Tioman, Pulau Redang and Pulau Tinggi from 2005 to 2008. The average total settling particles in Pulau Langkawi and Port Dickson was 49.8 mg/cm2/day, while for Pulau Tioman, Pulau Redang, and Pulau Tinggi was 3.5 mg/cm2/day. The results showed that accumulations rate in west coast were higher than east coast of Peninsular Malaysia. However, Pulau Tioman in the east coast received high accumulations rate of settling particles in certain times of the year due to sediment resuspension at shallow reefs caused by high energy seasonal yearly wave and monsoon.
    Matched MeSH terms: Time Factors
  16. An optimization study for transesterification of palm oil using Response Surface Methodology (RSM)
    Wong Y, Taufiq-Yap YH, Ramli I
    Sains Malaysiana, 2015;44:281-290.
    Biodiesel was produced via transesterification of palm oil with methanol in the presence of CaO-Nb2O5 mixed oxide catalyst. Response surface methodology (RSM) with central composite design (CCD) was performed to determine the optimum operating conditions and to optimize the biodiesel yield. In this study, the reaction variables being optimized were reaction time, catalyst loading and methanol to oil molar ratio. From the analysis of variance (ANOVA), the most influential parameter on biodiesel production was reaction time. The predicted yield was found in good agreement with the experimental value, with R2= 0.9902. The optimum biodiesel yield of 97.67% was achieved at 2.67 h reaction time, with 3.60 wt. % of catalyst and with methanol to oil molar ratio of 13.04. The high biodiesel yield can be correlated to the synergic effect of basicity between the metallic ions of CaO-Nb2O5 shown in the physicochemical analysis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Reaction Time
  17. Looking at remembering: Eye movements, pupil size, and autobiographical memory
    Janssen SMJ, Foo A, Johnson SN, Lim A, Satel J
    Conscious Cogn, 2021 03;89:103089.
    PMID: 33607423 DOI: 10.1016/j.concog.2021.103089
    To examine the relationship between visual imagery and autobiographical memory, eye position and pupil size were recorded while participants first searched for memories and then reconstructed the retrieved memories (Experiment 1), or only searched for memories (Experiment 2). In Experiment 1, we observed that, although recollective experience was not associated with the number of fixations per minute, memories that took longer to retrieve were linked to increased pupil size. In Experiment 2, we observed that directly retrieved memories were recalled more quickly and were accompanied by smaller pupils than generatively retrieved memories. After correcting for response time, retrieval mode also produced an effect, showing that decreased pupil size is not simply due to directly retrieved memories being recalled more quickly. These findings provide compelling evidence that objective measures, such as pupil size, can be used alongside subjective measures, such as self-reports, to distinguish between directly retrieved and generatively retrieved memories.
    Matched MeSH terms: Reaction Time
  18. Fulltext Time-resolved characteristics of deuteron-beam generated by plasma focus discharge
    Lim LK, Yap SL, Bradley DA
    PLoS One, 2018;13(1):e0188009.
    PMID: 29309425 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188009
    The plasma focus device discussed herein is a Z-pinch pulsed-plasma arrangement. In this, the plasma is heated and compressed into a cylindrical column, producing a typical density of > 1025 particles/m3 and a temperature of (1-3) × 107 oC. The plasma focus has been widely investigated as a radiation source, including as ion-beams, electron-beams and as a source of x-ray and neutron production, providing considerable scope for use in a variety of technological situations. Thus said, the nature of the radiation emission depends on the dynamics of the plasma pinch. In this study of the characteristics of deuteron-beam emission, in terms of energy, fluence and angular distribution were analyzed. The 2.7 kJ plasma focus discharge has been made to operate at a pressure of less than 1 mbar rather than at its more conventional operating pressure of a few mbar. Faraday cup were used to determine deuteron-beam energy and deuteron-beam fluence per shot while CR-39 solid-state nuclear track detectors were employed in studying the angular distribution of deuteron emission. Beam energy and deuteron-beam fluence per shot have been found to be pressure dependent. The largest value of average deuteron energy measured for present conditions was found to be (52 ± 7) keV, while the deuteron-beam fluence per shot was of the order of 1015 ions/m2 when operated at a pressure of 0.2 mbar. The deuteron-beam emission is in the forward direction and is observed to be highly anisotropic.
    Matched MeSH terms: Time and Motion Studies
  19. Development and validation of pan-Leptospira Taqman qPCR for the detection of Leptospira spp. in clinical specimens
    Mohd Ali MR, Mohd Safee AW, Ismail NH, Abu Sapian R, Mat Hussin H, Ismail N, et al.
    Mol Cell Probes, 2018 04;38:1-6.
    PMID: 29524642 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2018.03.001
    BACKGROUND: Early diagnosis of leptospirosis is important for ensuring better clinical management and achieving better outcomes. Currently, serological assays suffer from inconsistent performance and are less useful for early diagnosis of leptospirosis. As an alternative, qPCR is more sensitive, specific and able to detect the presence of leptospiral DNA during the acute phase of the infection. Meanwhile, most molecular assays do not detect the non-pathogenic group of Leptospira, even though these groups may also infect humans, although less frequently and less severely.

    METHODS: A set of primers and probe targeting rrs genes of 22 Leptospira spp. were designed and evaluated on 31 Leptospira isolates, 41 other organisms and 65 clinical samples from suspected patients.

    RESULTS: The developed assay was able to detect as low as 20 fg Leptospira DNA per reaction (equivalent to approximately 4 copies) and showed high specificity against the tested leptospiral strains. No cross amplification was observed with the other organisms. During the evaluation of the confirmed clinical specimens, the developed assay was able to correctly identify all positive samples (n = 10/10). One amplification was observed in a negative sample (n = 1/55). The sequencing of the PCR product of the discordant sample revealed that the sequences were similar to those of L. interrogans and L. kirschneri.

    CONCLUSION: The findings suggest that the developed Taqman qPCR assay is sensitive, specific and has potential to be applied in a larger subsequent study.

    Matched MeSH terms: Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
  20. Fulltext Asymmetric impact of temperature on COVID-19 spread in India: Evidence from quantile-on-quantile regression approach
    Irfan M, Razzaq A, Suksatan W, Sharif A, Madurai Elavarasan R, Yang C, et al.
    J Therm Biol, 2022 Feb;104:103101.
    PMID: 35180949 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2021.103101
    The emergence of new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has become a significant public health issue worldwide. Some researchers have identified a positive link between temperature and COVID-19 cases. However, no detailed research has highlighted the impact of temperature on COVID-19 spread in India. This study aims to fill this research gap by investigating the impact of temperature on COVID-19 spread in the five most affected Indian states. Quantile-on-Quantile regression (QQR) approach is employed to examine in what manner the quantiles of temperature influence the quantiles of COVID-19 cases. Empirical results confirm an asymmetric and heterogenous impact of temperature on COVID-19 spread across lower and higher quantiles of both variables. The results indicate a significant positive impact of temperature on COVID-19 spread in the three Indian states (Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, and Karnataka), predominantly in both low and high quantiles. Whereas, the other two states (Tamil Nadu and Uttar Pradesh) exhibit a mixed trend, as the lower quantiles in both states have a negative effect. However, this negative effect becomes weak at middle and higher quantiles. These research findings offer valuable policy recommendations.
    Matched MeSH terms: Time Factors
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