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Fulltext Inhibitory and apoptosis-inducing effects of Newcastle disease virus strain AF2240 on mammary carcinoma cell line

Ahmad U, Ahmed I, Keong YY, Abd Manan N, Othman F

Biomed Res Int, 2015;2015:127828.
PMID: 25821783 DOI: 10.1155/2015/127828

Breast cancer is the malignant tumour that developed from cells of the breast and is the first leading cause of cancer death among women worldwide. Surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy are the available treatments for breast cancer, but these were reported to have side effects. Newcastle disease virus (NDV) known as Avian paramyxovirus type-1 (APMV1) belongs to the genus Avulavirus in a family Paramyxoviridae. NDV is shown to be a promising anticancer agent, killing tumour cells while sparing normal cells unharmed. In this study, the oncolytic and cytotoxic activities of NDV AF2240 strain were evaluated on MDA-MB-231, human mammary carcinoma cell line, using MTT assay, and its inhibitory effects were further studied using proliferation and migration assays. Morphological and apoptotic-inducing effects of NDV on MD-MB-231 cells were observed using phase contrast and fluorescence microscopes. Detection of DNA fragmentation was done following terminal deoxyribonucleotide transferase-mediated Br-dUTP nick end labeling staining (TUNEL) assay, which confirmed that the mode of death was through apoptosis and was quantified by flow cytometry. Furthermore, analysis of cellular DNA content demonstrated that the virus caused an increase in the sub-G1 phase (apoptotic peak) of the cell cycle. It appears that NDV AF2240 strain is a potent anticancer agent that induced apoptosis in time-dependent manner.

Matched MeSH terms: Breast Neoplasms/pathology; Breast Neoplasms/physiopathology*; Breast Neoplasms/virology*
Fulltext Breast Surgery International--breast cancer in developing countries

Sandelin K, Apffelstaedt JP, Abdullah H, Murray EM, Ajuluchuku EU

Scand J Surg, 2002;91(3):222-6.
PMID: 12449462

Breast Surgery International (BSI) was formed in 1999 as an integrated society within the International Surgical Society ISS/SIC. One goal is to promote breast surgery world wide and focus on the situation in the developing countries. An edited summary of a symposium on locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) and the current situation in two African countries and in Malaysia is reported. Diagnosis, management and treatment options differ from recommendations that prevail due to lack of resources, lack of access to facilities and cultural and socioeconomic barriers. Younger age at onset, more men are affected and locally advanced breast cancer dominates the clinical panorama. A rational treatment plan for LABC should have chemotherapy, surgery, radiotherapy and hormonal therapy as armaments. A unique opportunity exists for international interchange within a professional organization such as BSI, for providing training opportunities, for clinical and experimental studies of the world' s most common female malignancy.

Matched MeSH terms: Breast Neoplasms/epidemiology; Breast Neoplasms/surgery*; Breast Neoplasms/therapy
Cytologic appearances in invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast. A study of 21 cases

Jayaram G, Swain M, Chew MT, Yip CH

Acta Cytol., 2000 Mar-Apr;44(2):169-74.
PMID: 10740602

OBJECTIVE: To examine the fine needle aspiration cytologic features of invasive lobular carcinoma of breast and to discuss problems that may occur in cytodiagnosis.

STUDY DESIGN: Fine needle aspiration cytologic smears from 21 cases of invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) of breast were subjected to detailed cytomorphologic analysis. Features studied included pattern of cells, size of cells, nuclear placement, pleomorphism, presence of intracytoplasmic lumina (ICL) and signet ring cells.

RESULTS: Cellularity was generally moderate or high, and the pattern was predominantly or partly dissociated in 86% of cases. Rosettelike pattern was discerned in alveolar-type ILC. Cell size was usually small or intermediate, with nuclei placed eccentrically in most cases. ICLs with or without signet ring cells were present in 12 cases (57%).

CONCLUSION: A cytologic picture consisting of predominantly dissociated small or intermediate-sized tumor cells with eccentric nuclei, with some of the cells showing ICLs, is highly suggestive of ILC. Indian file pattern, another characteristic feature of ILC, is, however, focal and inconsistent. Variant patterns of ILC may show other cytologic features, such as rosettelike pattern (alveolar variant of ILC) or large cell pattern (pleomorphic variant of ILC) and may consequently be difficult to categorize on cytologic smears.

Matched MeSH terms: Breast Neoplasms/classification; Breast Neoplasms/pathology*; Breast Neoplasms/surgery
Quality of life in breast cancer patients: validation of a FACT-B Malayalam version

Pandey M, Thomas BC, Ramdas K, Eremenco S, Nair MK

Qual Life Res, 2002 Mar;11(2):87-90.
PMID: 12018741

BACKGROUND: Recent advances in diagnosis and treatment of cancer have led to an increase in cancer survival, and hence, there is a greater emphasis on quality beside quantity of survival. Developing countries too have begun to recognize the need for monitoring quality of life (QOL). However, in most of the developing countries, a validated and reliable tool for the purpose is yet to be realized.
MATERIAL AND METHOD: The functional assessment of chronic illness therapy (FACIT) system is a collection of QOL questionnaires targeted to measure QOL in chronic illness. The functional assessment of cancer therapy for breast cancer (FACT-B) was translated into the local language (Malayalam) and tested for validity and reliability.
RESULTS: The tool thus developed showed substantial sensitivity, as does the source tool. The Cronbach's alpha for the total FACT-B was 0.87, which is similar to the alpha of 0.9 observed in the FACT-B English version. The mean FACT-B score was 94.3 compared to 112.8 for the source tool.
CONCLUSION: The Malayalam translation of the FACT-B questionnaire was developed, tested and validated, and was found satisfactory in comparison to the source tool.

Matched MeSH terms: Breast Neoplasms/physiopathology*; Breast Neoplasms/psychology*; Breast Neoplasms/therapy
Fulltext Breast cancer in pregnancy--our experience with six patients in the University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur

Yip CH, Taib NA, Abdullah MM, Wahid I

Med J Malaysia, 2000 Sep;55(3):308-10.
PMID: 11200709

Presentation of breast cancer during pregnancy is a rare situation and one that requires a multidisciplinary approach involving an obstetrician, surgeon and oncologist. Management should be along the same principles as in non-pregnant patients and delay is not justifiable. Mastectomy and axillary clearance is the best option, followed by chemotherapy, which is safe after the first trimester. Radiation if required should be delayed until after delivery of the baby. We present here our experience with 6 patients who presented with breast cancer during pregnancy. Five patients refused any treatment until after delivery, while one underwent only a mastectomy and axillary clearance. The outcome was poor; all of them died between 14 months and 52 months. The poor outcome probably reflects the late stage at presentation in four of the patients (State 3 and 4) rather than the delay in treatment, while delay in treatment in the two who presented with early cancer (Stage 1 and 2) led to a more advanced stage after delivery.

Matched MeSH terms: Breast Neoplasms/mortality; Breast Neoplasms/radiotherapy; Breast Neoplasms/surgery*
Fulltext Overview of breast cancer in Malaysian women: a problem with late diagnosis

Hisham AN, Yip CH

Asian J Surg, 2004 Apr;27(2):130-3.
PMID: 15140665

Breast cancer is the most common cancer among Malaysian women. There is a marked geographical difference in the worldwide incidence of breast cancer, with a higher incidence in developed countries compared to developing countries. From 1998 to 2001, new cases of breast cancer presenting to the breast clinics at Hospital Kuala Lumpur and University Malaya Medical Centre, Malaysia, were reviewed; the race, age and stage at presentation were analysed. Of 774 cases seen in Hospital Kuala Lumpur, only 5.2% (40/774) were impalpable breast cancers diagnosed on mammography. The prevalent age group was 40 to 49 years, and the median age was 50 years. The average size of the tumour was 5.4 cm in diameter. Malay women appear to have larger tumours and a later stage at presentation than other ethnic groups; 50% to 60% were in late stages (Stages 3 and 4). During the same period, 752 new cases of breast cancer were seen in the University Malaya Medical Centre. The average tumour size was 4.2 cm, and 30% to 40% were in late stages. The age incidence was similar. The delay in presentation of breast cancer was attributed to a strong belief in traditional medicine, the negative perception of the disease, poverty and poor education, coupled with fear and denial. A prospective, population-based study is required to determine the demographic pattern of breast cancer and the factors delaying presentation. These findings will have important implications in future programmes to promote the early detection of breast cancer, as well as in understanding geographical as well as racial variations in the incidence of breast cancer.

Matched MeSH terms: Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis*; Breast Neoplasms/epidemiology*; Breast Neoplasms/pathology
Fulltext Inherited mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 in an unselected multiethnic cohort of Asian patients with breast cancer and healthy controls from Malaysia

Wen WX, Allen J, Lai KN, Mariapun S, Hasan SN, Ng PS, et al.

J Med Genet, 2018 02;55(2):97-103.
PMID: 28993434 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2017-104947

BACKGROUND: Genetic testing for BRCA1 and BRCA2 is offered typically to selected women based on age of onset and family history of cancer. However, current internationally accepted genetic testing referral guidelines are built mostly on data from cancer genetics clinics in women of European descent. To evaluate the appropriateness of such guidelines in Asians, we have determined the prevalence of germ line variants in an unselected cohort of Asian patients with breast cancer and healthy controls.
METHODS: Germ line DNA from a hospital-based study of 2575 unselected patients with breast cancer and 2809 healthy controls were subjected to amplicon-based targeted sequencing of exonic and proximal splice site junction regions of BRCA1 and BRCA2 using the Fluidigm Access Array system, with sequencing conducted on a Illumina HiSeq2500 platform. Variant calling was performed with GATK UnifiedGenotyper and were validated by Sanger sequencing.
RESULTS: Fifty-five (2.1%) BRCA1 and 66 (2.6%) BRCA2 deleterious mutations were identified among patients with breast cancer and five (0.18%) BRCA1 and six (0.21%) BRCA2 mutations among controls. One thousand one hundred and eighty-six (46%) patients and 97 (80%) carriers fulfilled the National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines for genetic testing.
CONCLUSION: Five per cent of unselected Asian patients with breast cancer carry deleterious variants in BRCA1 or BRCA2. While current referral guidelines identified the majority of carriers, one in two patients would be referred for genetic services. Given that such services are largely unavailable in majority of low-resource settings in Asia, our study highlights the need for more efficient guidelines to identify at-risk individuals in Asia.

Matched MeSH terms: Breast Neoplasms/ethnology; Breast Neoplasms/etiology; Breast Neoplasms/genetics*
Fulltext Radiopathological characteristics and outcomes of phyllodes tumor of the breast in Malaysian women

Abdul Hamid S, Rahmat K, Ramli MT, Fadzli F, Jamaris S, See MH, et al.

Medicine (Baltimore), 2018 Aug;97(31):e11412.
PMID: 30075507 DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000011412

Phyllodes tumor or cystosarcoma phyllodes is a rare fibroepithelial neoplasm which arises from the periductal stroma of the breast. They are classified as benign, borderline, and malignant based on the histologic features. However, all phyllodes tumor (PT) subtypes are regarded as having malignant potential and correct diagnosis is important for surgical management and optimal care. This study is a retrospective review of 76 women diagnosed as PT with highlights on the imaging characteristics, pathology, and surgical treatment over a 7-year period in a tertiary medical center of urban population in Malaysia. There were 45 benign, 16 borderline, and 15 malignant PT. The median age for benign PT was 43, borderline 48.5, and malignant 42 years. The Malay ethnic group constitute 52.6% of cases, with 27.6% and 18.4% in Chinese and Indian ethnic groups, respectively. On mammograms, most benign (64.3%) and 33.3% of malignant PT showed high-density lesions. Calcifications were only seen in 2 benign PT. On ultrasound, 86% of benign PT was well-circumscribed whilst 50.0% of malignant PT had irregular outline. Cystic spaces were seen in 40.0% of malignant and 9.5% of benign PT. 80% of malignant PT lesions were heterogenous. Malignant PT demonstrates tumor heterogeneity, cystic spaces, and posterior acoustic enhancement on ultrasound. Half of malignant PT showed regular borders on ultrasound and appear well circumscribed on mammogram. A total of 46 patients had wide local excision or excision biopsy whilst 30 underwent mastectomy as primary treatment. The majority of the borderline and malignant PTs in our study (75.0% and 85.7% respectively) and only 5 out of the 43 (11.6%) benign PT underwent mastectomy. There were 2 tumor recurrence in the benign PT group and 1 case in the borderline and malignant group respectively.

Matched MeSH terms: Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis*; Breast Neoplasms/ethnology; Breast Neoplasms/surgery*
Clinical and pathologic differences between BRCA1-, BRCA2-, and non-BRCA-associated breast cancers in a multiracial developing country

Yip CH, Taib NA, Choo WY, Rampal S, Thong MK, Teo SH

World J Surg, 2009 Oct;33(10):2077-81.
PMID: 19649760 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-009-0146-8

Mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 confer an increased risk to breast and other cancers, but to date there have only been limited numbers of studies of BRCA1- and BRCA2-associated cancers among Asians. Malaysia is a multiracial country with three main races: Malays, Chinese, Indians. We determined whether tumor pathologic features and clinical features differ in patients with and without BRCA mutations in this Asian population.

Matched MeSH terms: Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis*; Breast Neoplasms/genetics*; Breast Neoplasms/pathology
Fulltext Breast Necrosis: a rare case of neglected Phyllodes tumour

Ho, Hui Lian, Ambikapathan, Theiyallen, Nornazirah Azizan, Lee, Li Ping Doreen, Siti Zubaidah Sharif, Firdaus Hayati

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2019;15(1):79-81.
MyJurnal

Phyllodes tumour (PT) of the breast is firstly described in literature as early as 1838. This article reports the youngest recorded case of giant complicated PT and the role of toilet mastectomy as a salvage surgery. A 19-year-old lady presented with a gigantic lump of the left breast for 6 months which was rapidly growing (20 x 20 cm) and complicated with a foul-smelling blackish discoloration of the breast skin and tissues. Toilet mastectomy was performed as a result. The specimen weighed 4.0 kg with histopathological report of the tumor being borderline phyllodes. Herein, we describe a case of PT, who presented with breast necrosis and we discuss its medico-social aspect of it.

Matched MeSH terms: Breast Neoplasms
Fulltext Association between Healthy Eating Index-2015 and Breast Cancer Risk: A Case-Control Study

Kord-Varkaneh H, Salehi-Sahlabadi A, Zarezade M, Rahmani J, Tan SC, Hekmatdoost A, et al.

Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2020 05 01;21(5):1363-1367.
PMID: 32458645 DOI: 10.31557/APJCP.2020.21.5.1363

OBJECTIVE: Diet quality is known to influence cancer risk. The Healthy Eating Index (HEI) is one of the most frequently used measures of diet quality. However, the association between HEI-2015 and breast cancer risk is not known. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the association between HEI-2015 and breast cancer risk.
METHODS: A case-control study comprising 134 breast cancer patients and 265 cancer-free controls were conducted. Dietary intakes were assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), from which the HEI-2015 score was calculated. Logistic regression was used to derive the odds ratios (ORs) for measuring the association between HEI-2015 scores and breast cancer risk.
RESULTS: Subjects in the top quartile of HEI-2015 had a 46% lower chance of breast cancer compared with subjects in the bottom quartile (OR 0.54; 95% CI 0.30, 0.98). After adjustment for potential confounders such as age, age at menarche, oral contraceptive drug use, menopausal status, marital status, body mass index, smoking and education level, the association between HEI-2015 score and a lower risk of breast cancer was enhanced (OR 0.32; 95% CI 0.16, 0.65).
CONCLUSION: We successfully demonstrated that a higher HEI-2015 score was associated with a reduced breast cancer risk.

Matched MeSH terms: Breast Neoplasms/diet therapy; Breast Neoplasms/pathology; Breast Neoplasms/prevention & control*
Fulltext Clinical Practice Guideline: Management of Breast Cancer, Third Edition

Citation:
Clinical Practice Guidelines: Management of Breast Cancer, Third Edition. Putrajaya: Ministry of Health, Malaysia; 2019
Quick reference: http://www.acadmed.org.my/view_file.cfm?fileid=462
Training manual: http://www.acadmed.org.my/view_file.cfm?fileid=410
Patient information leaflet: http://www.acadmed.org.my/view_file.cfm?fileid=549

Older versions: Second Edition (2010); First Edition (2002)
Keywords: CPG

Matched MeSH terms: Breast Neoplasms
Fulltext The Unique Biology behind the Early Onset of Breast Cancer

Siddig A, Tengku Din TADA, Mohd Nafi SN, Yahya MM, Sulong S, Wan Abdul Rahman WF

Genes (Basel), 2021 03 05;12(3).
PMID: 33807872 DOI: 10.3390/genes12030372

Breast cancer commonly affects women of older age; however, in developing countries, up to 20% of breast cancer cases present in young women (younger than 40 years as defined by oncology literature). Breast cancer in young women is often defined to be aggressive in nature, usually of high histological grade at the time of diagnosis and negative for endocrine receptors with poor overall survival rate. Several researchers have attributed this aggressive nature to a hidden unique biology. However, findings in this aspect remain controversial. Thus, in this article, we aimed to review published work addressing somatic mutations, chromosome copy number variants, single nucleotide polymorphisms, differential gene expression, microRNAs and gene methylation profile of early-onset breast cancer, as well as its altered pathways resulting from those aberrations. Distinct biology behind early-onset of breast cancer was clear among estrogen receptor-positive and sporadic cases. However, further research is needed to determine and validate specific novel markers, which may help in customizing therapy for this group of patients.

Matched MeSH terms: Breast Neoplasms/genetics; Breast Neoplasms/mortality*; Breast Neoplasms/pathology*
Impact of chemotherapy schedule modification on breast cancer patients: a single-centre retrospective study

Gunasekaran GH, Hassali MABA, Sabri WMABW, Rahman MTB

Int J Clin Pharm, 2020 Apr;42(2):642-651.
PMID: 32185605 DOI: 10.1007/s11096-020-01011-6

Background Nonconformity to chemotherapy schedules is common in clinical practice. Multiple clinical studies have established the negative prognostic impact of dose delay on survival outcome. Objective This study investigated the prevalence and reason for chemotherapy schedule modifications of breast cancer patients. This study also investigated the impact of schedule modifications on overall survival (OS). Setting This retrospective cohort study was done among breast cancer patient receiving chemotherapy from 2013 to 2017 and patients were followed until 31 Dec 2018. Methods Medical records of patients with cancer were reviewed. Female patients over eighteen years old were included, with primary carcinoma of the breast, who received anthracycline or taxane based chemotherapy regime and completed more than two cycles of chemotherapy. Patients were categorized into three groups of (1) no schedule modification, (2) with schedule modification and (3) incomplete schedule. The Kaplan-Meier was used to test for survival differences in the univariate setting and Cox regression model was used in the multivariate setting. Main outcome measure Prevalence, overall survival rates and hazard ratio of three schedule group Results Among 171 patient who were included in the final analysis, 28 (16.4%) had no schedule modification, 118 (69.0%) with schedule modification and 25 (14.6%) had incomplete schedule with OS of 75.0%, 59.3% and 52.0% respectively. 94% (189) of all cycle rescheduling happened because of constitutional symptoms (70), for non-medical reasons (61) and blood/bone marrow toxicity (58). When compared to patients with no schedule modification, patients with schedule modification had a 2.34-times higher risk of death (HR 2.34, 95% CI 1.03-5.32; p = 0.043). Conclusion Nonconformity to the chemotherapy schedule is common in clinical practice because of treatment complications, patients' social schedule conflicts, and facility administrative reasons. Cumulative delays of ≥ 14 days are likely to have negative prognostic effect on patient survival. Thus, the duration of the delays between cycles should be reduced whenever possible to achieve the maximum chemotherapeutic benefit.

Matched MeSH terms: Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis; Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy*; Breast Neoplasms/mortality*
Fulltext A comparison of breast cancer survival across different age groups: a multicentric database study in Penang, Malaysia

Tan KF, Adam F, Hussin H, Mohd Mujar NM

Epidemiol Health, 2021;43:e2021038.
PMID: 34044478 DOI: 10.4178/epih.e2021038

This study compared breast cancer survival and the prognostic factors across different age groups of women in Penang, Malaysia. Data on 2,166 women with breast cancer who had been diagnosed between 2010 and 2014 were extracted from the Penang Breast Cancer Registry and stratified into 3 age groups: young (< 40 years old), middle-aged (40-59 years old), and elderly (≥ 60 years). The overall and relative survival rates were calculated using the life table method, median survival time was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and comparisons between groups were conducted using the log-rank test. Prognostic factors were analyzed using a Cox proportional hazards model. The 5-year overall and breast cancer-specific survival rates for women with breast cancer in Penang were 72.9% and 75.2%, with a mean survival time of 92.5 months and 95.1 months, respectively. The 5-year breast cancer-specific survival rates for young, middle-aged, and elderly women were 74.9%, 77.8%, and 71.4%, respectively, with a mean survival time of 95.7 months, 97.5 months, and 91.2 months. There was a significant difference in breast cancer survival between age groups, with elderly women showing the lowest survival rate, followed by young and middle-aged women. Disease stage was the most prominent prognostic factor for all age groups. Survival rates and prognostic factors differed according to age group. Treatment planning for breast cancer patients should be age-specific to promote better cancer care and survival.

Matched MeSH terms: Breast Neoplasms/mortality*; Breast Neoplasms/pathology; Breast Neoplasms/therapy*
The Immunomodulatory Potential of Selected Bioactive Plant-Based Compounds in Breast Cancer: A Review

Baraya YS, Wong KK, Yaacob NS

Anticancer Agents Med Chem, 2017;17(6):770-783.
PMID: 27539316 DOI: 10.2174/1871520616666160817111242

Breast cancer has continued to cause high cancer death rates among women worldwide. The use of plants' natural products in breast cancer treatment has received more attention in recent years due to their potentially wider safety margin and the potential to complement conventional chemotherapeutic drugs. Plantbased products have demonstrated anticancer potential through different biological pathways including modulation of the immune system. Immunomodulatory properties of medicinal plants have been shown to mitigate breast cancer cell growth. Different immune cell types participate in this process especially cytotoxic T cells and natural killer cells, and cytokines including chemokines and tumor necrosis factor-α. Medicinal plants such as Glycyrrhiza glabra, Uncaria tomentosa, Camellia sinensis, Panax ginseng, Prunus armenaica (apricot), Allium sativum, Arctium lappa and Curcuma longa were reported to hold strong potential in breast cancer treatment in various parts of the world. Interestingly, research findings have shown that these plants possess bioactive immunomodulators as their main constituents producing the anticancer effects. These immunomodulatory compounds include ajoene, arctigenin, β-carotene, curcumin, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, ginsan, glabridin and quinic acid. In this review, we discussed the ability of these eight immunomodulators in regulating the immune system potentially applicable in breast cancer treatment via anti-inflammatory (curcumin, arctigenin, glabridin and ajoene) and lymphocytes activation (β-carotene, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, quinic acid and ginsan) properties, as well as future research direction in their use for breast cancer treatment.

Matched MeSH terms: Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy*; Breast Neoplasms/immunology; Breast Neoplasms/pathology
Palliation and breast cancer

Yip CH

J Surg Oncol, 2017 Apr;115(5):538-543.
PMID: 28097656 DOI: 10.1002/jso.24560

Metastatic breast cancer is an incurable disease. With improvement in systemic therapy, survival has improved over the past few years. Removing the primary tumor has shown improved survival in retrospective studies, but this may be due to selection bias. The first reported randomized controlled trial (RCT) from India showed no difference in survival with surgery. However another RCT from Turkey showed that a select group of patient with bone-only metastases have a survival benefit.

Matched MeSH terms: Breast Neoplasms/mortality; Breast Neoplasms/pathology*; Breast Neoplasms/surgery*
Fulltext Leiomyosarcoma of the breast: a case report

Norly Salleh, Aishah Ibrahim, Ros’aini Paijan

International e-Journal of Science, Medicine & Education, 2015;9(3):52-54.
MyJurnal

Leiomyosarcoma is a rare cancer and the presence of this type of cancer in the breast is even rarer. Due to its rarity, the management options for leiomyosarcoma of the breast are not well documented. Literature review was done to establish the best treatment options for this type of breast cancer.

Matched MeSH terms: Breast Neoplasms
Fulltext A study on the morphometric asymmetry of atlas vertebrae

Shahrun Niza AS, Nani Harlina ML, Razrim R, Ussof Eskaandar MH, Rohaizak M

Journal of Surgical Academia, 2016;6(1):25-31.
MyJurnal

A surgeon’s experience plays an important role in breast conserving surgery (BCS). The common conception is that, the more junior is the operating surgeon, the surgical margin will be wider or closer to the tumour edge. Thus the aim of this study is to look into the adequacy of surgical margin performed by different level of surgeons’ experience in patients whom underwent wide local excision (WLE) and hook-wire localization (HWL) in our surgical unit. The surgical experience of the operating surgeon and their surgical margins will be analyzed. This is a retrospective study from January 2000 to December 2012. Eighty-eight patients with early breast cancer underwent WLE and HWL by 3 different groups of surgeons (breast surgeons, junior surgeons and surgical registrars) were included. The surgical margins were analyzed for involved-margin, closed-margin or excessed-margin.The incidence of involved-margin, closed-margin and excessed-margin is the lowest among breast surgeons compared to other groups. However, the results were not statistically significant. The incidence of involved surgical margin is significantly higher within junior surgeons for HWL compared to the breast surgeons. The incidence of involved, closed or excessed surgical margin were lowest when performed by breast surgeon but not significantly different between the three groups. However, for HWL the breast surgeons significantly better compared to the other groups.

Matched MeSH terms: Breast Neoplasms
Fulltext Imaging and histopathology correlation of solid papillary carcinoma of the breast : a review of four cases.

Sharifah, M.I.A.

International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2015;14(1):93-97.
MyJurnal

Solid papillary breast carcinoma is a rare type of breast carcinoma. We present four cases which highlight the radiological and histological findings of solid papillary carcinoma. Mammogram supplemented with ultrasound played an important role in detecting solid papillary carcinomas which usually presents as intraductal lesions or intracystic mass with Doppler signal. Excision biopsy is a better option than core biopsy as the latter modality may not be representative and the diagnosis of solid papillary breast carcinoma may be missed.

Matched MeSH terms: Breast Neoplasms

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