Displaying publications 121 - 140 of 831 in total

Abstract:
Sort:
  1. Gunasekharan M, Choi TI, Rukayadi Y, Mohammad Latif MA, Karunakaran T, Mohd Faudzi SM, et al.
    Molecules, 2021 Sep 01;26(17).
    PMID: 34500755 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26175314
    Bacterial infections are regarded as one of the leading causes of fatal morbidity and death in patients infected with diseases. The ability of microorganisms, particularly methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), to develop resistance to current drugs has evoked the need for a continuous search for new drugs with better efficacies. Hence, a series of non-PAINS associated pyrrolylated-chalcones (1-15) were synthesized and evaluated for their potency against MRSA. The hydroxyl-containing compounds (8, 9, and 10) showed the most significant anti-MRSA efficiency, with the MIC and MBC values ranging from 0.08 to 0.70 mg/mL and 0.16 to 1.88 mg/mL, respectively. The time-kill curve and SEM analyses exhibited bacterial cell death within four hours after exposure to 9, suggesting its bactericidal properties. Furthermore, the docking simulation between 9 and penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a, PDB ID: 6Q9N) suggests a relatively similar bonding interaction to the standard drug with a binding affinity score of -7.0 kcal/mol. Moreover, the zebrafish model showed no toxic effects in the normal embryonic development, blood vessel formation, and apoptosis when exposed to up to 40 µM of compound 9. The overall results suggest that the pyrrolylated-chalcones may be considered as a potential inhibitor in the design of new anti-MRSA agents.
    Matched MeSH terms: Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  2. Ang HH, Lee KL
    Fundam Clin Pharmacol, 2002 Dec;16(6):479-83.
    PMID: 12685506 DOI: 10.1046/j.1472-8206.2002.00106.x
    The effects of various fractions of Eurycoma longifolia Jack were studied on the orientation activities of the inbred, adult middle-aged Sprague-Dawley rats, 9 months old and retired breeders towards the receptive females (anogenital sniffing, licking, mounting), the environment (climbing, raring, exploration), themselves (nongenital grooming, genital grooming) and mobility (restricted, unrestricted) after treating these subjects twice daily for 10 days. Results showed that subjects treated with 800 mg/kg of E. longifolia Jack increased orientation activities towards the receptive females (anogenital sniffing, licking and mounting), increased genital grooming towards themselves and restricted movements to a particular area of the cage but decreased interest in the external environment (climbing, raring, exploration) as compared with the controls during the investigation period. In conclusion, this study gives further evidences that different fractions of E. longifolia Jack modified the orientation activities of the middle-aged male rats.
    Matched MeSH terms: Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  3. Ang HH, Ngai TH, Tan TH
    Phytomedicine, 2003;10(6-7):590-3.
    PMID: 13678248 DOI: 10.1078/094471103322331881
    The effects of Eurycoma longifolia Jack were studied on the sexual qualities of middle aged male rats after dosing them with 0.5 g/kg of various fractions of E. longifolia whilst the control group received 3 ml/kg of normal saline daily for 12 weeks. Results showed than E. longifolia Jack enhanced the sexual qualities of the middle aged male rats by decreasing their hesitation time as compared to controls with various fractions of E. longifolia Jack produced 865-916 (91-96), 860-914 (92-98), 850-904 (93-99), 854-890 (95-99), 844-880 (94-98), 840-875 (94-98), 830-870 (94-98), 825-860 (94-98), 820-850 (96-99), 800-840 (93-98), 750-795 (94-99) and 650-754 sec (82-95%) in contrast to controls which produced 950 (100), 934 (100), 910 (100), 900 (100), 895 (100), 890 (100), 885 (100), 880 (100), 855 (100), 860 (100), 800 (100) and 790 sec (100%) throughout the investigation period. Besides these, there was a transient increase in the % of the male rats responding to the right choice after chronic administration of 0.5 g/kg E. longifolia Jack, with more than 50% of the male rats scored right choice after 2 weeks post-treatment and the effect was more prominent at the dose of the observation period. However, there was no sexual enhancement of the middle aged male rats which consumed normal saline since only 45-55% of the male rats responded to right choice throughout the investigation period. Hence, this study shows that E. longifolia Jack enhanced the sexual qualities of the middle aged male rats, further supports the folkuse of E. longifolia Jack as an aphrodisiac.
    Matched MeSH terms: Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  4. Ang HH, Lee KL
    J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol, 2002;13(3):249-54.
    PMID: 12670032 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp.2002.13.3.249
    The effect of increasing doses of various fractions of Eurycoma longifolia Jack extracts on libido was examined in middle-aged male rats. The results showed that a high dose (800 mg/kg) of all E. longifolia Jack extracts significantly increased mount frequency (MF) (P < 0.05) over that of untreated controls, but had no effect on the frequency of intromission or ejaculation. Methanol, chloroform, water, and butanol fractions exhibited MF of 2.5 +/- 0.1, 2.6 +/- 0.3, 2.5 +/- 0.1 and 2.6 +/- 0.2, respectively, in adult, middle-aged male rats, and retired breeders versus 2.3 +/- 0.1 in untreated controls. This translated to a minor increase in MF of 8.7%, 13.0%, 8.7%, and 13.0% for these fractions, respectively, during the 20-minute observation period. The results of this study show that E. longifolia Jack extracts can increase libido in middle-aged male rats.
    Matched MeSH terms: Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  5. Ang HH, Sim MK
    Exp Anim, 1997 Oct;46(4):287-90.
    PMID: 9353636 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.46.287
    The effects of Eurycoma longifolia Jack were studied on the libido of sexually experienced male rats after dosing them with 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg body weight twice daily of different fractions of E. longifolia Jack for 10 days. Results showed that E. longifolia Jack produced a dose-dependent increase in mounting frequency of the treated animals with 400 mg/kg of chloroform, methanol, water and butanol fractions resulting in mounting frequencies of 5.3 +/- 1.2, 4.9 +/- 0.7, 4.8 +/- 0.7 and 5.2 +/- 0.1, and 800 mg/kg further increased them to 5.4 +/- 0.8, 5.4 +/- 0.8, 5.2 +/- 0.6 and 5.3 +/- 0.2 respectively but there were no erections, intromissions, ejaculations or seminal emissions during the 20-min observation period which allowed for the measurement of sexual arousal reflected by mounting frequency uninfluenced by other behavioural components. This study provides evidence that E. longifolia Jack is a potent stimulator of sexual arousal in sexually vigorous male rats in the absence of feedback from genital sensation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  6. Ang HH, Ikeda S, Gan EK
    Phytother Res, 2001 Aug;15(5):435-6.
    PMID: 11507738 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.968
    The butanol, methanol, water and chloroform extracts of the roots of Eurycoma longifolia Jack were studied using various tests of potency of treated male rats. The results showed that E. longifolia produced a dose-dependent, recurrent and significant increase in the episodes of penile reflexes as evidenced by increases in quick flips, long flips and erections of the treated male rats during the 30 min observation period. These results provide further evidence that E. longifolia increases the aphrodisiac potency activity in treated animals.
    Matched MeSH terms: Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  7. Wong JW, Yuen KH
    Drug Dev Ind Pharm, 2003 Oct;29(9):1035-44.
    PMID: 14606667
    The present study was conducted to investigate the inclusion complexation of artemisinin (ART) with natural cyclodextrins (CyD), namely alpha-, beta-, and gamma-CyDs with the aim of improving its solubility and dissolution rate. Complex formation in aqueous solution and solid state was studied by solubility analysis, dissolution, and thermal analysis. Solubility diagrams indicated that the complexation of ART and the three CyDs occurred at a molar ratio of 1:1, and showed a remarkable increase in ART solubility. Moreover, the thermodynamic parameters calculated by using the van't Hoff equation revealed that the complexation process was associated with negative enthalpy of formation and occurred spontaneously. The complexation capability of CyDs with ART increased in the order of alpha- < gamma- < beta-CyDs and could be ascribed to the structural compatibility between the molecular size of ART and the diameter of the CyD cavities. Dissolution profiles of the three complexes demonstrated an increased rate and extent of dissolution compared with those of their respective physical mixtures and a commercial preparation. In solid-state analysis, using differential scanning calorimetry, the gamma-CyD was capable of complexing the highest percentage of ART, followed by beta- and alpha-CyDs. The respective estimated percentage of ART complexed by the CyDs were 85%, 40%, and 12%.
    Matched MeSH terms: Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  8. Loh ZH, Kwong HC, Lam KW, Teh SS, Ee GCL, Quah CK, et al.
    J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem, 2021 Dec;36(1):627-639.
    PMID: 33557647 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2021.1882452
    A new series of 3-O-substituted xanthone derivatives were synthesised and evaluated for their anti-cholinergic activities against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE). The results indicated that the xanthone derivatives possessed good AChE inhibitory activity with eleven of them (5, 8, 11, 17, 19, 21-23, 26-28) exhibited significant effects with the IC50 values ranged 0.88 to 1.28 µM. The AChE enzyme kinetic study of 3-(4-phenylbutoxy)-9H-xanthen-9-one (23) and ethyl 2-((9-oxo-9H-xanthen-3-yl)oxy)acetate (28) showed a mixed inhibition mechanism. Molecular docking study showed that 23 binds to the active site of AChE and interacts via extensive π-π stacking with the indole and phenol side chains of Trp86 and Tyr337, besides the hydrogen bonding with the hydration site and π-π interaction with the phenol side chain of Y72. This study revealed that 3-O-alkoxyl substituted xanthone derivatives are potential lead structures, especially 23 and 28 which can be further developed into potent AChE inhibitors.
    Matched MeSH terms: Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  9. Sukumaran SD, Nasir SB, Tee JT, Buckle MJC, Othman R, Rahman NA, et al.
    J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem, 2021 Dec;36(1):130-137.
    PMID: 33243025 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2020.1847100
    A series of C4-substituted tertiary nitrogen-bearing 2'-hydroxychalcones were designed and synthesised based on a previous mixed type acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. Majority of the 2'-hydroxychalcone analogues displayed a better inhibition against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) than butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE). Among them, compound 4c was identified as the most potent AChE inhibitor (IC50: 3.3 µM) and showed the highest selectivity for AChE over BuChE (ratio >30:1). Molecular docking studies suggested that compound 4c interacts with both the peripheral anionic site (PAS) and catalytic anionic site (CAS) regions of AChE. ADMET analysis confirmed the therapeutic potential of compound 4c based on its blood-brain barrier penetrating. Overall, the results suggest that this 2'-hydroxychalcone deserves further investigation into the therapeutic lead for Alzheimer's disease (AD).
    Matched MeSH terms: Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  10. Abu Bakar N, Mohd Sata NS, Ramlan NF, Wan Ibrahim WN, Zulkifli SZ, Che Abdullah CA, et al.
    Neurotoxicol Teratol, 2017 Jan-Feb;59:53-61.
    PMID: 27919701 DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2016.11.008
    Chronic exposure to mercury (Hg) can lead to cumulative impairments in motor and cognitive functions including alteration in anxiety responses. Although several risk factors have been identified in recent year, little is known about the environmental factors that either due exposure toward low level of inorganic mercury that may led to the developmental disorders. The present study investigated the effects of embryonic exposure of mercury chloride on motor function and anxiety-like behavior. The embryo exposed to 6 different concentrations of HgCl2 (7.5, 15, 30, 100, 125, 250nM) at 5hpf until hatching (72hpf) in a semi-static condition. The mortality rate increased in a dose dependent manner where the chronic embryonic exposure to 100nM decreased the number of tail coiling, heartbeat, and swimming activity. Aversive stimulus was used to examine the effects of 100nM interferes with the development of anxiety-related behavior. No elevation in both thigmotaxis and avoidance response of 6dpf larvae exposed with 100nM were found. Biochemical analysis showed HgCl2 exposure affects proteins, lipids, carbohydrates and nucleic acids of the zebrafish larvae. These results showed that implication of HgCl2 on locomotor and biochemical defects affects motor performance and anxiety-like responses. Yet, the potential underlying mechanisms these responses need to be further investigated which is crucial to prevent potential hazards on the developing organism due to neurotoxicant exposure.
    Matched MeSH terms: Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  11. Bindal P, Bindal U, Lin CW, Kasim NHA, Ramasamy TSAP, Dabbagh A, et al.
    Technol Health Care, 2017 Dec 04;25(6):1041-1051.
    PMID: 28800347 DOI: 10.3233/THC-170922
    Dental stem cells isolated for human dental pulp are an excellent source for regenerative medicine and dentistry. Simulation of clinical scenario is one of the crucial challenges for evaluation of the efficacy of DPSCs in various regenerative therapies. In this study we evaluated the viability of DPSCs after treatment with artificial bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) as the main component responsible for inducing inflammatory response in majority of the inflammatory conditions in clinical scenario. Although a number of studies have previously treated stem cells with LPS from bacteria, however the accuracy level of the outcome was not established. Here we have analyzed the outcome using adaptive neuro-fuzzy inferences system (ANFIS) to predict the viability of human DPSCs after treatment with bacterial LPS.
    Matched MeSH terms: Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  12. Taha M, Ullah H, Al Muqarrabun LMR, Khan MN, Rahim F, Ahmat N, et al.
    Eur J Med Chem, 2018 Jan 01;143:1757-1767.
    PMID: 29133042 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.10.071
    Thirty-two (32) bis-indolylmethane-hydrazone hybrids 1-32 were synthesized and characterized by 1HNMR, 13CNNMR and HREI-MS. All compounds were evaluated in vitro for β-glucuronidase inhibitory potential. All analogs showed varying degree of β-glucuronidase inhibitory potential ranging from 0.10 ± 0.01 to 48.50 ± 1.10 μM when compared with the standard drug d-saccharic acid-1,4-lactone (IC50 value 48.30 ± 1.20 μM). Derivatives 1-32 showed the highest β-glucuronidase inhibitory potentials which is many folds better than the standard drug d-saccharic acid-1,4-lactone. Further molecular docking study validated the experimental results. It was proposed that bis-indolylmethane may interact with some amino acid residues located within the active site of β-glucuronidase enzyme. This study has culminated in the identification of a new class of potent β-glucuronidase inhibitors.
    Matched MeSH terms: Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  13. Al-Ani LA, AlSaadi MA, Kadir FA, Hashim NM, Julkapli NM, Yehye WA
    Eur J Med Chem, 2017 Oct 20;139:349-366.
    PMID: 28806615 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.07.036
    Early detection and efficient treatment of cancer disease remains a drastic challenge in 21st century. Throughout the bulk of funds, studies, and current therapeutics, cancer seems to aggressively advance with drug resistance strains and recurrence rates. Nevertheless, nanotechnologies have indeed given hope to be the next generation for oncology applications. According to US National cancer institute, it is anticipated to revolutionize the perspectives of cancer diagnosis and therapy. With such success, nano-hybrid strategy creates a marvelous preference. Herein, graphene-gold based composites are being increasingly studied in the field of oncology, for their outstanding performance as robust vehicle of therapeutic agents, built-in optical diagnostic features, and functionality as theranostic system. Additional modes of treatments are also applicable including photothermal, photodynamic, as well as combined therapy. This review aims to demonstrate the various cancer-related applications of graphene-gold based hybrids in terms of detection and therapy, highlighting the major attributes that led to designate such system as a promising ally in the war against cancer.
    Matched MeSH terms: Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  14. Taha M, Ismail NH, Imran S, Rahim F, Wadood A, Khan H, et al.
    Bioorg Chem, 2016 10;68:56-63.
    PMID: 27454618 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2016.07.008
    Hybrid bisindole-thiosemicarbazides analogs (1-18) were synthesized and screened for β-glucuronidase activity. All compounds showed varied degree of β-glucuronidase inhibitory potential when compared with standard d-saccharic acid 1,4-lactone (IC50=48.4±1.25μM). Compounds 4, 7, 9, 6, 5, 12, 17 and 18 showed exceptional β-glucuronidase inhibition with IC50 values ranging from 0.1 to 5.7μM. Compounds 1, 3, 8, 16, 13, 2 and 14 also showed better activities than standard with IC50 values ranging from 7.12 to 15.0μM. The remaining compounds 10, 11, and 15 showed good inhibitory potential with IC50 values 33.2±0.75, 21.4±0.30 and 28.12±0.25μM respectively. Molecular docking studies were carried out to confirm the binding interaction of the compounds.
    Matched MeSH terms: Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  15. Taha M, Adnan Ali Shah S, Afifi M, Imran S, Sultan S, Rahim F, et al.
    Bioorg Chem, 2018 08;78:17-23.
    PMID: 29525348 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.02.028
    Thymidine phosphorylase (TP) over expression plays role in several pathological conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis, chronic inflammatory diseases, psoriasis, and tumor angiogenesis. The inhibitor of this enzyme plays an important role in preventing the serious threat due to over expression of TP. In this regard, a series of seventeenanalogs of 3-formylcoumarin (1-17) were synthesized, characterized by 1HNMR and EI-MS and screened for thymidine phosphorylaseinhibitory activity. All analogs showed a variable degree of thymidine phosphorylase inhibition with IC50 values ranging between 0.90 ± 0.01 and 53.50 ± 1.20 μM when compared with the standard inhibitor 7-Deazaxanthine having IC50 value 38.68 ± 1.12 μM. Among the series, fifteenanalogs such as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 15, 16 and 17 showed excellent inhibition which is many folds better than the standard 7-Deazaxanthine whiletwo analogs 13 and 14 showed good inhibition. The structure activity relationship (SAR) was mainly based upon by bring about difference of substituents on phenyl ring. Molecular docking study was carried out to understand the binding interaction of the most active analogs.
    Matched MeSH terms: Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  16. AIDS Patient Care STDS, 2000 Apr;14(4):225-6.
    PMID: 10806645
    Matched MeSH terms: Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  17. Mashori GR, Tariq AR, Shahimi MM, Suhaimi H
    Singapore Med J, 1996 Jun;37(3):278-81.
    PMID: 8942229
    Treatment of hypertension has reduced the incidence of stroke, heart failure and renal failure. However, the incidence of coronary heart disease is not reduced to the same degree. Many of the drugs advocated as first-line drugs in the step-wise therapy have been shown to cause carbohydrate intolerance and it is an independent risk factor in the development of coronary heart disease. It is thus important to identify the antihypertensive drugs that may cause deterioration in glucose tolerance. Cicletanine, the first derivative of the furopyridines, is a new class of antihypertensive agents. It acts directly on vascular endothelium cells by increasing prostacyclin synthesis. It also decreases intracytosolic calcium levels in smooth muscles. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of Cicletanine on insulin release in rat isolated pancreas by the perfusion technique adapted from Loubatieres and co-workers (1972). Doses used were based on therapeutic peak plasma concentration. Diazoxide was used as a positive control ie a known insulin suppressant. Cicletanine at 1/10 and equivalent therapeutic concentrations (0.5 microgram/mL and 5.0 micrograms/mL) did not suppress insulin release. However, at concentration exceeding 10X its therapeutic levels (50 micrograms/mL) it begins to suppress insulin release. In conclusion, Cicletanine did not inhibit insulin release at concentrations within the therapeutic range.
    Matched MeSH terms: Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  18. Mohd Zain Z, Fathelrahman AI, Ab Rahman AF
    Singapore Med J, 2006 Feb;47(2):134-7.
    PMID: 16435055
    Paracetamol is available as an over-the-counter medication in many countries including Malaysia. This drug has been implicated in many poisoning cases admitted to hospitals throughout the country.
    Matched MeSH terms: Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  19. Patel JJ, Ortiz-Reyes A, Dhaliwal R, Clarke J, Hill A, Stoppe C, et al.
    Crit Care Med, 2022 Mar 01;50(3):e304-e312.
    PMID: 34637420 DOI: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000005320
    OBJECTIVES: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the impact of IV vitamin C on outcomes in critically ill patients.

    DATA SOURCES: Systematic search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials.

    STUDY SELECTION: Randomized controlled trials testing IV vitamin C in critically ill patients.

    DATA ABSTRACTION: Two independent reviewers abstracted patient characteristics, treatment details, and clinical outcomes.

    DATA SYNTHESIS: Fifteen studies involving 2,490 patients were identified. Compared with placebo, IV vitamin C administration is associated with a trend toward reduced overall mortality (relative risk, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.75-1.00; p = 0.06; test for heterogeneity I2 = 6%). High-dose IV vitamin C was associated with a significant reduction in overall mortality (relative risk, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.52-0.96; p = 0.03), whereas low-dose IV vitamin C had no effect (relative risk, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.79-1.07; p = 0.46; test for subgroup differences, p = 0.14). IV vitamin C monotherapy was associated with a significant reduction in overall mortality (relative risk, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.49-0.83; p = 0.006), whereas there was no effect with IV vitamin C combined therapy. No trial reported an increase in adverse events related to IV vitamin C.

    CONCLUSIONS: IV vitamin C administration appears safe and may be associated with a trend toward reduction in overall mortality. High-dose IV vitamin C monotherapy may be associated with improved overall mortality, and further randomized controlled trials are warranted.

    Matched MeSH terms: Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  20. Altamimi AS, Alafeefy AM, Balode A, Vozny I, Pustenko A, El Shikh ME, et al.
    J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem, 2018 Dec;33(1):147-150.
    PMID: 29199484 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2017.1404593
    A series of symmetric molecules incorporating aryl or pyridyl moieties as central core and 1,4-substituted triazoles as a side bridge was synthesised. The new compounds were investigated as lactate dehydro-genase (LDH, EC 1.1.1.27) inhibitors. The cancer associated LDHA isoform was inhibited with IC50 = 117-174 µM. Seven compounds exhibited better LDHA inhibition (IC50 117-136 µM) compared to known LDH inhibitor - galloflavin (IC50 157 µM).
    Matched MeSH terms: Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Filters
Contact Us

Please provide feedback to Administrator (afdal@afpm.org.my)

External Links