Displaying publications 121 - 140 of 977 in total

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  1. Kumar S
    Soc Sci Med, 2021 05;276:113832.
    PMID: 33784552 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.113832
    Population ageing and labor out-migration are increasingly challenging normative intergenerational support systems and familial welfare in parts of Asia. Extant studies look at how migration affects the material wellbeing of sending-households, but less is known about how migration shapes the emotional health of non-migrants as origin and destination conditions evolve. This study examines how labor migration among adult children shape the emotional health of elderly parents in Indonesia, and how observed implications are modified by alternative care arrangements and different migrant destinations. Using panel data from 2101 respondents age 50+ in the 2007 and 2014 Indonesia Family Life Survey, and individual-level fixed effects regressions, this study finds that offspring's migration is associated with increased parental depression, net of covariates. Depressive outcomes are abated if resulting care deficits are offset by co-residence or daily interactions with adult children, or if children move to economically lucrative international destinations; however, having a child in Malaysia - a destination characterized by high informal labor employment - increased parental depression. These findings draw attention to the non-economic implications of migration and the distress experienced specifically by parents who lack intergenerational support and who have concerns about child's wellbeing at destination.
    Matched MeSH terms: Indonesia
  2. Ahmad M, Muslija A, Satrovic E
    Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2021 May;28(18):22588-22601.
    PMID: 33420933 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-12276-9
    Since developing countries experience economic and environmental sustainability challenges, it is desirable digging into the linkages between economic and environmental parameters. The purpose of this work is to evaluate the existence of the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) theory (i.e., the inverse U-shape connection between real GDP per capita and per capita carbon dioxide emissions) in the sample of 11 developing countries. By using balanced annual panel data in the period between 1992 and 2014 and two alternative estimation techniques, we explored the potential inverted U-shaped linkage between carbon dioxide emissions and real GDP per capita in the sample of interest. For analysis purposes, Pedroni and Westerlund co-integration techniques are employed. Then, fully modified ordinary least squares, pooled mean group methods are applied for long-run parameter estimations. And, the Dumitrescu-Hurlin causality approach is employed for causal directions. Firstly, this work's findings provide the supportive evidence to the inverse U-shaped linkage in the long-run, indicating that an increase in real GDP per capita and electricity consumption tends to mitigate long-run carbon dioxide emissions in the developing countries, for the whole sample. Secondly, the country-specific findings suggested the presence of EKC theory for Brazil, China, India, Malaysia, the Russian Federation, Thailand, and Turkey. It implicated that these countries are on the path of attaining environmental sustainability in the long-run. However, Mexico, Philippines, Indonesia, and South Africa failed to lend credence to the EKC theory. It manifested that these countries need to design strategies directed to reduce carbon dioxide emissions from economic activity and electricity generation through efficiency improvement or promotion of renewables. Finally, bidirectional causal links are observed among all the variables of interest. The findings suggest that country-specific targeted action plans should be implemented to ensure the environmental sustainability in the developing world.
    Matched MeSH terms: Indonesia
  3. Rimba AB, Mohan G, Chapagain SK, Arumansawang A, Payus C, Fukushi K, et al.
    Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2021 May;28(20):25920-25938.
    PMID: 33475923 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-12285-8
    This paper aims to assess the influence of land use and land cover (LULC) indicators and population density on water quality parameters during dry and rainy seasons in a tourism area in Indonesia. This study applies least squares regression (OLS) and Pearson correlation analysis to see the relationship among factors, and all LULC and population density were significantly correlated with most of water quality parameter with P values of 0.01 and 0.05. For example, DO shows high correlation with population density, farm, and built-up in dry season; however, each observation point has different percentages of LULC and population density. The concentration value should be different over space since watershed characteristics and pollutions sources are not the same in the diverse locations. The geographically weighted regression (GWR) analyze the spatially varying relationships among population density, LULC categories (i.e., built-up areas, rice fields, farms, and forests), and 11 water quality indicators across three selected rivers (Ayung, Badung, and Mati) with different levels of tourism urbanization in Bali Province, Indonesia. The results explore that compared with OLS estimates, GWR performed well in terms of their R2 values and the Akaike information criterion (AIC) in all the parameters and seasons. Further, the findings exhibit population density as a critical indicator having a highly significant association with BOD and E. Coli parameters. Moreover, the built-up area has correlated positively to the water quality parameters (Ni, Pb, KMnO4 and TSS). The parameter DO is associated negatively with the built-up area, which indicates increasing built-up area tends to deteriorate the water quality. Hence, our findings can be used as input to provide a reference to the local governments and stakeholders for issuing policy on water and LULC for achieving a sustainable water environment in this region.
    Matched MeSH terms: Indonesia
  4. Jałoszyński P
    Zootaxa, 2021 Apr 30;4966(1):115.
    PMID: 34186639 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4966.1.1
    Six new species of the cephenniine genus Hlavaciellus Jałoszyński are described: H. cincinnalis sp. n. (Malaysia: Sabah); H. carinatus sp. n. (Malaysia: Pahang); H. microtuberculatus sp. n. (Malaysia: Pahang); H. diversipilosus sp. n. (Malaysia: Pahang); H. concavus sp. n. (Indonesia: Sumatra); and H. sumatranus sp. n. (Indonesia: Sumatra). An updated key to identification of males of all nominal species of Hlavaciellus is given.
    Matched MeSH terms: Indonesia
  5. Kazantsev SV
    Zootaxa, 2021 Apr 29;4965(3):437460.
    PMID: 34186647 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4965.3.2
    A new genus and five new species of neotenic lyropaeine net-winged beetles, Plycus prosvirovi gen. nov., sp. nov., Platerodrilus (s. str.) brastagicola sp. nov., P. (s. str.) gorbunovi sp. nov., P. (s. str.) kambanganus sp. nov. and P. (Duliticola) berastagiensis sp. nov., are described from Malaysia and Indonesia. Horakiella Bocakova, 2006, syn. nov. is proposed as a junior synonym of Atamania Kazantsev, 2005. Descriptions of little known members of the subfamily, Lybnopaeus avernus (Kazantsev, 1997), Lyropaeus (Lyroneces) orcinus Kazantsev, 1998, Miniduliticola nelsoni Kazantsev, 2002, Platerodrilus (Zhelongia) grootaerti Kazantsev, 2009, P. (Zh.) holynskae Kazantsev, 2009, P. (Duliticola) svetae Kazantsev, 2009, P. (D.) strbai Kazantsev, 2009, Atamania tembeling Kazantsev, 2002 and Sinodulia gressitti Kazantsev, 2002, are complemented with macrophotographs. Lists of Platerodrilus and Atamania species are provided.
    Matched MeSH terms: Indonesia
  6. von Seth J, Dussex N, Díez-Del-Molino D, van der Valk T, Kutschera VE, Kierczak M, et al.
    Nat Commun, 2021 Apr 26;12(1):2393.
    PMID: 33896938 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22386-8
    Small populations are often exposed to high inbreeding and mutational load that can increase the risk of extinction. The Sumatran rhinoceros was widespread in Southeast Asia, but is now restricted to small and isolated populations on Sumatra and Borneo, and most likely extinct on the Malay Peninsula. Here, we analyse 5 historical and 16 modern genomes from these populations to investigate the genomic consequences of the recent decline, such as increased inbreeding and mutational load. We find that the Malay Peninsula population experienced increased inbreeding shortly before extirpation, which possibly was accompanied by purging. The populations on Sumatra and Borneo instead show low inbreeding, but high mutational load. The currently small population sizes may thus in the near future lead to inbreeding depression. Moreover, we find little evidence for differences in local adaptation among populations, suggesting that future inbreeding depression could potentially be mitigated by assisted gene flow among populations.
    Matched MeSH terms: Indonesia
  7. Zhu W, Li S
    Zootaxa, 2021 Apr 16;4963(1):zootaxa.4963.1.5.
    PMID: 33903565 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4963.1.5
    Six new species belonging to Belisana Thorell, 1898 are described from Southeast Asia: Belisana bachma sp. nov. (Vietnam; male, female), B. cucphuong sp. nov. (Vietnam; male, female), B. jaegeri sp. nov. (Malaysia; male, female), B. kachin sp. nov. (Myanmar; male, female), B. putao sp. nov. (Myanmar; male) and B. tarang sp. nov. (Indonesia; male, female). These new species bring the total number of Belisana to 143 species worldwide.
    Matched MeSH terms: Indonesia
  8. Lee ZV, Llanes EJ, Sukmawan R, Thongtang N, Ho HQT, Barter P, et al.
    Lipids Health Dis, 2021 Apr 15;20(1):33.
    PMID: 33858442 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-021-01450-8
    Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause of mortality and morbidity within the Asia-Pacific region, with the prevalence of CVD risk factors such as plasma lipid disorders increasing in many Asian countries. As members of the Cardiovascular RISk Prevention (CRISP) in Asia network, the authors have focused on plasma lipid disorders in the six countries within which they have clinical experience: Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam, and Australia. Based on country-specific national surveys, the prevalence of abnormal levels of total cholesterol, low- and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C and HDL-C, respectively), and triglycerides (TG) are reported. An important caveat is that countries have used different thresholds to define plasma lipid disorders, making direct comparisons difficult. The prevalence of abnormal lipid levels was as follows: high total cholesterol (30.2-47.7%, thresholds: 190-213 mg/dL); high LDL-C (33.2-47.5%; thresholds: 130-135 mg/dL); low/abnormal HDL-C (22.9-72.0%; thresholds: 39-50 mg/dL); and high/abnormal TG (13.9-38.7%; thresholds: 150-177 mg/dL). Similarities and differences between country-specific guidelines for the management of plasma lipid disorders are highlighted. Based on the authors' clinical experience, some of the possible reasons for suboptimal management of plasma lipid disorders in each country are described. Issues common to several countries include physician reluctance to prescribe high-dose and/or high-intensity statins and poor understanding of disease, treatments, and side effects among patients. Treatment costs and geographical constraints have also hampered disease management in Indonesia and the Philippines. Understanding the factors governing the prevalence of plasma lipid disorders helps enhance strategies to reduce the burden of CVD in the Asia-Pacific region.
    Matched MeSH terms: Indonesia
  9. Jusman SWA, Azzizah IN, Sadikin M, Hardiany NS
    Malays J Med Sci, 2021 Apr;28(2):39-47.
    PMID: 33958959 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2021.28.2.4
    Background: A keloid is a benign skin tumour characterised by excessive proliferation of fibroblasts, a process that requires a sufficient amount of energy. The energy needs are associated with adequate oxygen (O2) flow and well-functioning mitochondria. It is known that cytoglobin (CYGB) has a function in O2 distribution. The aim of the present study was to explore whether the inhibition of CYGB expression caused impaired mitochondrial function of keloid fibroblasts.

    Methods: An in vitro study was conducted on a keloid fibroblast derived from our previous study. The study was carried out in the laboratory of the Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia (FMUI), from July to December 2018. CYGB expression was inhibited by small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA) and CYGB. Analysis of mitochondrial function was observed through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), a mitochondrial biogenesis marker and the activity of the succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) enzyme in mitochondria.

    Results: The CYGB gene and protein were downregulated after treatment with CYGB siRNA. Inhibition of CYGB expression with siRNA also tended to decrease the levels of PGC-1α messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) and protein, as well as SDH enzyme activity.

    Conclusion: Inhibition of CYGB expression with siRNA tended to decrease mitochondrial biogenesis and function. This may be useful for understanding the excessive proliferation of fibroblasts in keloids and for development of treatment for keloids.

    Matched MeSH terms: Indonesia
  10. Danylo O, Pirker J, Lemoine G, Ceccherini G, See L, McCallum I, et al.
    Sci Data, 2021 03 30;8(1):96.
    PMID: 33785753 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-021-00867-1
    In recent decades, global oil palm production has shown an abrupt increase, with almost 90% produced in Southeast Asia alone. To understand trends in oil palm plantation expansion and for landscape-level planning, accurate maps are needed. Although different oil palm maps have been produced using remote sensing in the past, here we use Sentinel 1 imagery to generate an oil palm plantation map for Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand for the year 2017. In addition to location, the age of the oil palm plantation is critical for calculating yields. Here we have used a Landsat time series approach to determine the year in which the oil palm plantations are first detected, at which point they are 2 to 3 years of age. From this, the approximate age of the oil palm plantation in 2017 can be derived.
    Matched MeSH terms: Indonesia
  11. Muhammad HFL, Sulistyoningrum DC, Huriyati E, Lee YY, Muda WAMW
    Br J Nutr, 2021 03 28;125(6):611-617.
    PMID: 32746947 DOI: 10.1017/S0007114520003104
    The present study aimed to investigate an interaction between energy intake, physical activity and UCP2 gene variation on weight gain and adiposity changes in Indonesian adults. This is a prospective cohort study conducted in 323 healthy adults living in the city of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Energy intake, physical activity, body weight, BMI, percentage body fat and waist:hip ratio (WHR) were measured at baseline and after 2 years while UCP2 -866G/A gene variation was determined at baseline. We reported that after 2 years subjects had a significant increment in body weight, BMI, body fat and reduction in WHR (all P < 0·05). In all subjects, total energy intake was significantly correlated with changes in body weight (β = 0·128, P = 0·023) and body fat (β = 0·123, P = 0·030). Among subjects with the GG genotype, changes in energy intake were positively correlated with changes in body weight (β = 0·232, P = 0·016) and body fat (β = 0·201, P = 0·034). These correlations were insignificant among those with AA + GA genotypes (all P > 0·05). In summary, we show that UCP2 gene variation might influence the adiposity response towards changes in energy intake. Subjects with the GG genotype of UCP2 -866G/A gene were more responsive to energy intake, thus more prone to weight gain due to overeating.
    Matched MeSH terms: Indonesia
  12. Manurung S, Setyowati S
    Malays Fam Physician, 2021 Mar 25;16(1):64-74.
    PMID: 33948144 DOI: 10.51866/oa1037
    Background: Postpartum blues in Indonesia has a high prevalence at 37% to 67%. Postpartum blues syndrome has been described as varying changes in the affective domain, such as feelings, behavior, or thoughts, that can be influenced by the roles and tasks of women, along with their social, cultural, and economic support. Instruments that measure maternal blues through bonding attachment behavior have never before been developed in Indonesia.

    Objective: This study aimed to develop a maternal blues scale through bonding attachments to predict postpartum blues.

    Method: The research design consisted of three stages: 1) phenomenology design and focus group discussion; 2) development and construction of the maternal blues scale, and 3) a cross-sectional study to measure validation of the scales. Respondents were postpartum mothers in the first week after birth. The sample comprised 501 participants. Sampling was done by consecutive sampling at the Public Health Center (PUSKESMAS) in the South Jakarta area. Data analysis used exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), correlation, and a diagnostic testing .

    Results: Item analysis produced 32 items consisting of 24 items regarding the mother's role and duties as internal factors and eight factors involving social, cultural, and economic support as external factors. Both factors were valid and reliable in predicting postpartum blues with indicators (t loading factors ≥ 1.96, standardized loading factor (SLF) ≥.50, internal factors: construct reliability (CR) ≥ .70 and extraction variants (VE) ≥ .50 and external factors: CR ≥ .74 to .83 VE ≥ .50 to .63). The relationship with Kennerley's maternity blues as a gold standard was significant. Internal factors had a score of 53, with a sensitivity of 60.2%. The external factors score was 19, with a sensitivity of 77.3%.

    Conclusion: The new scale for postpartum blues prediction developed displayed internal consistency and validity of each indicator (internal and external factors) that was good (CR ≥ .70; VE ≥ .50). This scale provides a feasible tool to predict postpartum blues.

    Matched MeSH terms: Indonesia
  13. Kotepui M, Masangkay FR, Kotepui KU, Milanez GJ
    BMC Infect Dis, 2021 Mar 12;21(1):259.
    PMID: 33711940 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-021-05941-y
    BACKGROUND: Plasmodium cynomolgi is a simian malaria parasite that has been reported as a naturally acquired human infection. The present study aims to systematically review reports on naturally acquired P. cynomolgi in humans, mosquitoes, and macaques to provide relevant data for pre-emptive surveillance and preparation in the event of an outbreak of zoonotic malaria in Southeast Asia.

    METHODS: The protocol of the systematic review was registered at PROSPERO with approval ID CRD42020203046. Three databases (Web of Science, Scopus, and MEDLINE) were searched for studies reporting the prevalence of P. cynomolgi infections in Southeast Asian countries between 1946 and 2020. The pooled prevalence or pooled proportion of P. cynomolgi parasitemia in humans, mosquitoes, and macaques was estimated using a random-effects model. Differences in the clinical characteristics of P. cynomolgi infections were also estimated using a random-effects model and presented as pooled odds ratios (ORs) or mean differences (MDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

    RESULTS: Thirteen studies reporting on the prevalence of naturally acquired P. cynomolgi in humans (3 studies, 21 cases), mosquitoes (3 studies, 28 cases), and macaques (7 studies, 334 cases) were included. The results demonstrated that the pooled proportion of naturally acquired P. cynomolgi in humans was 1% (95% CI, 0.1%, I2, 0%), while the pooled proportion of P. cynomolgi infecting mosquitoes was 18% (95% CI, 10-26%, I2, 32.7%). The pooled prevalence of naturally acquired P. cynomolgi in macaques was 47% (95% CI, 27-67%, I2, 98.3%). Most of the cases of naturally acquired P. cynomolgi in humans were reported in Cambodia (62%) and Malaysia (38%), while cases of P. cynomolgi in macaques were reported in Malaysia (35.4%), Singapore (23.2%), Indonesia (17.3%), Philippines (8.5%), Laos (7.93%), and Cambodia (7.65%). Cases of P. cynomolgi in mosquitoes were reported in Vietnam (76.9%) and Malaysia (23.1%).

    CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated the occurrence of naturally acquired P. cynomolgi infection in humans, mosquitoes, and macaques. Further studies of P. cynomolgi in asymptomatic human cases in areas where vectors and natural hosts are endemic are extensively needed if human infections with P. cynomolgi do become public health problems.

    Matched MeSH terms: Indonesia
  14. Ibrahim MA, Zulkifli SZ, Azmai MNA, Mohamat-Yusuff F, Ismail A
    Animals (Basel), 2021 Mar 12;11(3).
    PMID: 33809309 DOI: 10.3390/ani11030798
    Compound 3,4-dichloroaniline (3,4-DCA) is a metabolite of several urea herbicides and intermediate chemical of several industrial products. Moreover, 3,4-DCA has been frequently detected in aquatic ecosystems around the world. This aniline is more toxic than the parent chemicals, and it affects non-target organisms. This study evaluated a 21-day reproductive response of an emerging aquatic vertebrate model, Javanese medaka (Oryzias javanicus), exposed to 3,4-DCA. Fecundity and gonads histopathology were observed. The spawning rate and fertilisation reduced significantly in the highest exposed-group (250 µg/L). Gonadosomatic index (GSI) was significantly low in females exposed to 250 µg/L. No substantial structural alteration of male gonads. However, oocyte development and ovarian cell structure were disrupted in 250 µg/L exposed females. The gonadal developmental was not affected in the males; however, a significant reduction in the developmental of female gonads was observed at 250 µg/L. These results show that 3,4-DCA interfere with the reproduction of Javanese medaka through fecundity and alteration of gonadal tissues.
    Matched MeSH terms: Indonesia
  15. Wan Sajiri WMH, Borkhanuddin MH, Kua BC
    Dis Aquat Organ, 2021 Mar 11;144:1-7.
    PMID: 33704087 DOI: 10.3354/dao03571
    The microsporidian parasite Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP) is an emerging problem in the marine shrimp industry, primarily in Asian countries such as China, Thailand, India, Malaysia, Indonesia, and Vietnam. A screening was conducted to investigate the prevalence of EHP after a fixed period of culturing for 1 rearing cycle in 3 states of Malaysia. The screening stages covered Penaeus vannamei post larvae (PL) and after 14-30, 31-50, 51-70, and 71-90 d of culture in 1 production cycle. A total of 279 samples were amplified using a PCR assay targeting the gene encoding a spore wall protein (SWP) of EHP. The EHP infection was initially detected in the hatchery and increased to 96.6% after the shrimp were transferred to the pond. The positive EHP sequence showed 91 to 100% similarity to sequences from India, Thailand, Vietnam, Indonesia, and Latin America. EHP infection increased throughout 1 rearing cycle due to factors such as the cannibalistic feeding habits of shrimp and the presence of unknown vectors or carriers of EHP in the culture ponds. Hence, the finding from the current study will be fundamental for other studies concerning EHP.
    Matched MeSH terms: Indonesia
  16. Mok CS, Vanessa L
    Med J Malaysia, 2021 03;76(2):267-269.
    PMID: 33742644
    Differentiating between anaphylaxis and hypotension during general anaesthesia is difficult, especially when patients present with only hypotension and without any of the other classical features of anaphylaxis. We report the successful management of an anaphylactic reaction to rocuronium that presented as isolated hypotension in a 45-year-old Indonesian man presented with lacerations on the scalp and right pinna caused by an assault to the head after the induction of general anaesthesia, refractory to fluids and high doses of vasopressors. This case highlights that a possible indicator of anaphylaxis can be the presence of isolated hypotension during.
    Matched MeSH terms: Indonesia
  17. Murtihapsari M, Salam S, Kurnia D, Darwati D, Kadarusman K, Abdullah FF, et al.
    Nat Prod Res, 2021 Mar;35(6):937-944.
    PMID: 31210054 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2019.1611815
    A new antimalarial sterol, kaimanol (1), along with a known sterol, saringosterol (2) was isolated from the Indonesian Marine sponge, Xestospongia sp. The chemical structure of the new compound was determined on the basis of spectroscopic evidences and by comparison to those related compounds previously reported. Isolated compounds, 1 and 2 were evaluated for their antiplasmodial effect against Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 strains. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibited antiplasmodial activity with IC50 values of 359 and 0.250 nM, respectively.
    Matched MeSH terms: Indonesia
  18. Roche GC, Fung P, Ransing R, Noor IM, Shalbafan M, El Hayek S, et al.
    Asia Pac Psychiatry, 2021 Mar;13(1):e12432.
    PMID: 33145988 DOI: 10.1111/appy.12432
    INTRODUCTION: This study aims to review recent scientific publications and research output in the field of psychiatry, from a series of countries in the Asia-Pacific region (Australia, India, Indonesia, Iran, Lebanon, Malaysia, and Nepal), with a view to identify themes and similarities across regions, as well as to examine the barriers and challenges in mental health research faced by countries in the region.

    METHODS: Seven psychiatrists from seven countries reviewed recent published and ongoing research in psychiatry in their respective nations, with respect to themes, as well as any barriers or challenges faced by mental health researchers.

    RESULTS: While the seven nations included in this review vary in terms of research capabilities and economic development level, they share many similarities both in terms of research direction, and with regards to challenges faced. Limitations in the form of sociocultural differences from the West, and a lack of funding were some of the barriers identified.

    DISCUSSION: Mental health research in the region has been progressing well. However, more varied research in the form of qualitative or economic studies are lacking, as are multi-center studies. The similar issues that nations face with regards to research could perhaps benefit from collaborative efforts and initiatives for the furtherance of research in the region.

    Matched MeSH terms: Indonesia
  19. He AJ, Tang VFY
    Health Policy, 2021 03;125(3):351-362.
    PMID: 33422336 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthpol.2020.12.020
    Against the backdrop of rapid ageing populations, there is an increasing recognition of the need to integrate various health services for the elderly, not only to provide more coordinated care, but also to contain the rapid cost inflation driven primarily by the curative sector. Funded by the Asia-Pacific Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, this scoping review seeks to synthesize the received knowledge on care integration for the elderly in four Asian societies representing varying socioeconomic and health-system characteristics: Singapore, Hong Kong, Malaysia, and Indonesia. The search for English-language literature published between 2009 and 2019 yielded 67 publications in the final sample. The review finds that both research and practice regarding health service integration are at a preliminary stage of development. It notes a marked trend in seeking to integrate long-term elderly care with curative and preventive care, especially in community settings. Many distinctive models proliferated. Integration is demonstrated not only horizontally but also vertically, transcending public-private boundaries. The central role of primary care is highly prominent in almost all the integration models. However, these models are associated with a variety of drawbacks in relation to capacity, perception, and operation that necessitate further scholarly and policy scrutiny, indicating the robustness and persistence of siloed healthcare practices.
    Matched MeSH terms: Indonesia
  20. Oginawati K, Susetyo SH, Rosalyn FA, Kurniawan SB, Abdullah SRS
    Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2021 Mar;28(11):14000-14008.
    PMID: 33201502 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11590-6
    Chromium (Cr) is used as a mixture to improve strength and corrosion resistance. Milling and welding processes can expose workers to Cr through dermal exposure and inhalation. Cr exposure can be determined by urine testing. The purpose of this study was to analyze the concentration of Cr in urine (UCr) of workers. This study was carried out using a cross-sectional method. Sampling was conducted in the village of Mekarmaju, Bandung, Indonesia. The number of respondents included 30 blacksmiths, and the control group comprised 10 people who were not blacksmiths. Cr6+ exposure was measured using a personal sampling pump placed on the collar of the worker's shirt as a breathing zone and then analyzed using a UV-visible spectrophotometer. UCr was measured with a graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The measured Cr6+ concentration in the exposed working area ranged from 0.03 to 0.63 mg/m3, whereas that in non-exposed area ranged from 0.02 to 0.04 mg/m3. Results showed that 16 out of 30 blacksmiths had a UCr concentration above the biological exposure index (BEI) value, 21 had a higher value than the threshold limit value (TLV), and 22 had hazard index (HI) values > 1, which indicated that Cr has a hazardous potential in the body. The analysis of the exposed and control groups showed a significant difference with a p value of 0.000 for TLV, chronic daily intake, and UCr. These results clearly showed that Cr6+ exposure may harm the health of these workers in the future. The results obtained in this study can be used to promote workers' awareness on the potential health risk caused by Cr6+ exposure in the working environment.
    Matched MeSH terms: Indonesia
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