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  1. Fulltext Evaluation of two cell culture media in culturing rat full term amniotic fluid cells
    Ferdaos, N., Karuppiah, T., Rosli, R., Yazid, M. N., Nordin, N.
    Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2011;7(2):81-85.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Amniotic fluid (AF) consists of heterogenous population of cells with high diagnostic
    and therapeutic values. The study of rat amniotic fluid cells is very limited, despite the extensive use
    of this animal model in biomedical research. Primary culture of rat AF cells, especially from full term pregnancies has not been well established. Here we attempt to determine the suitable medium in
    culturing rat AF cells that would enhance the cell viability, growth rate and heterogeneity. Methods:
    The cell viability, growth rate and heterogeneity of rat AF cells were compared upon culturing the
    primary cells in two different media; Amniomax or RPMI. Cell viability study was carried out using
    trypan blue staining, while the growth rate was monitored based on the time required to passage the cells (population doubling time in hour). The heterogeneity of cells was examined based on the morphology of the cells. Statistical analysis was performed using t-test. Results: Amniomax was observed to provide a better culture condition in culturing rat AF cells as the cells are more viable, grow faster and more heterogenous as compared to the cells grown in RPMI. Conclusion: Amniomax is a more suitable medium for high quality and viability of full term rat AF cell culture, as compared to RPMI. Thus, warranting propagation of more rat AF cells for biomedical research.
  2. Novel PAX4 variant in a child and family with diabetes mellitus - case report and review of the literature
    Lee YL, Ting TH, Lim CT, Arrumugam-Arthini C, Karuppiah T, Ling KH
    J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab, 2023 Oct 26;36(10):988-992.
    PMID: 37621150 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2023-0171
    OBJECTIVES: PAX4 (Paired box 4), a transcription factor crucial in pancreatic beta cell development and function, is a rare cause of maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY). What is new? A novel PAX4 variant is verified by family segregation study to be likely pathogenic. A child below 10 years of age diagnosed to have PAX4-MODY, differing from previously reported paediatric cases diagnosed in adolescence.

    CASE PRESENTATION: A child with diabetes diagnosed at age 8 years, harbored a PAX4 variant, c.890G>A (p.Gly297Asp), initially classified as variant of uncertain significance. Eleven family members (7 adults and 4 children) with and without diabetes across 3 generations were genotyped. The variant co-segregated with diabetes or prediabetes across 3 generations of the family. The variant is reclassified as likely pathogenic according to standard guidelines.

    CONCLUSIONS: Genetic testing is essential to confirm PAX4-MODY as the presentation is variable even within the same family. PAX4 mutation needs to be considered in MODY genetic testing in Asian patients.

  3. Fulltext Impact of the Inflow Population From Outbreak Areas on the COVID-19 Epidemic in Yunnan Province and the Recommended Control Measures: A Preliminary Study
    Sun Z, He G, Huang N, Chen H, Zhang S, Zhao Z, et al.
    Front Public Health, 2020;8:609974.
    PMID: 33344408 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.609974
    Background: COVID-19 developed into a global pandemic in 2020 and poses challenges regarding the prevention and control capabilities of countries. A large number of inbound travelers from other regions could lead to a renewed outbreak of COVID-19 in the local regions. Globally, as a result of the imbalance in the control of the epidemic, all countries are facing the risk of a renewed COVID-19 outbreak brought about by travelers from epidemic areas. Therefore, studies on a proper management of the inbound travelers are urgent. Methods: We collected a total of 4,733,414 inbound travelers and 174 COVID-19 diagnosed patients in Yunnan province from 21 January 2020 to 20 February 2020. Data on place of origin, travel history, age, and gender, as well as whether they had suspected clinical manifestations for inbound travelers in Yunnan were collected. The impact of inbound travelers on the local epidemic was analyzed with a collinear statistical analysis and the effect of the control measures on the epidemic was evaluated with a sophisticated modeling approach. Results: Of the 174 COVID-19 patients, 60.9% were not from Yunnan, and 76.4% had a history of travel in Hubei. The amount of new daily cases in Yunnan was significant correlated with the number of inbound travelers from Hubei and suspected cases among them. Using Susceptible-Exposed-Infectious-Recovered (SEIR) model analysis, we found that the prevention and control measures dropped the local R0 down to 1.07 in Yunnan province. Conclusions: Our preliminary analysis showed that the proper management of inbound travelers from outbreak areas has a significantly positive effect on the prevention and control of the virus. In the process of resettlement, some effective measures taken by Yunnan province may provide an important reference for preventing the renewed COVID-19 outbreak in other regions.
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