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An optimized method for extraction and detection of Coconut cadang-cadang viroid(CCCVd) from oil palm

Mohammadi MR, Vadamalai G, Joseph H

Commun. Agric. Appl. Biol. Sci., 2010;75(4):777-81.
PMID: 21534490

Coconut cadong-cadong viroid (CCCVd) causes the Lethal cadang-cadang disease of coconut palms in the Philippines and it is recently reported to be associated with the orange spotting disease on oil palm in Malaysia. The low concentration of the viroid RNA in oil palm as well as the high content of polyphenols and polysaccharides in this plant which interfere with the purification steps makes it difficult to extract and detect this viroid from oil palm. A previously described method was modified and optimized for extraction and detection of CCCVd from infected oil palms. Briefly, 7 g of leaf material was homogenized in a mortar or a blender using liquid nitrogen. 10 ml of extraction buffer (100 mM Tris-HCl pH 7.5, 100 mM NaCl, 10 mM EDTA) along with 100 mM 2-mercaptoethanol and 10 ml water saturated phenol was added to the frozen powder. After centrifuging at 4 degrees C, 4000 g for 30 min, the aqueous phase was extracted once more with phenol then once with chloroform-isoamyl alcohol (24:1). After adding sodium acetate, pH 5.6 to 200 mM, the mixture was precipitated with 2.5 vol ethanol overnight in -20 freezer and then the pellet was washed with 70% ethanol and air-dried. One milliliter of 8 M LiCl was added to the dried pellet and after shaking overnight at 4 degrees C and another centrifugation step the supernatant was collected and precipitated again with ethanol and then the resulting pellet was washed and air-dried. To carry out northern blotting, samples equivalent to 40 g of plant tissue were mixed with formamide buffer and loaded onto a 12% polyacrylamide gel containing 7 M urea and after separation by electrophoresis, were electroblotted onto membrane and fixed by UV cross-linking. Pre-hybridization and hybridization using hybridization buffer (50% formamide, 25%SSPE, 0.1% Ficol and PVP, 0.1 % SDS, 0.02 % DNA (5mg/ml)) was carried out at 45 degrees C for 90 min and 16 h, respectively followed by two low stringency washes (0.5 X SSC, 0.1% SDS, at room temperature for 5 min) and one high stringency wash (0.1X SSC, 0.1% SDS at 60 degrees C for 1 hour). In vitro synthesized DIG-labeled full-length CCCVd(-) RNA probe was used in hybridization step. DIG Nucleic Acid Detection Kit (Roche) instructions were followed for detection procedure and as a result the blue bands corresponding to the position of the viroid were appeared on the membrane. The result of this study showed the ability of DIG labeled probe in detection of the viroid and also provided a suitable extraction and hybridization method for the detection of CCCVd from oil palm.
Socioeconomic inequality in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Salari N, Kazeminia M, Shohaimi S, Mohammadi M

Clin Rheumatol, 2021 Jun 22.
PMID: 34159490 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-021-05829-x

BACKGROUND: Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory and systemic autoimmune disease associated with synovial fluid inflammatory lesions and articular changes. The aim of the present study was to determine socioeconomic inequality in RA patients using a meta-analysis approach.
METHODS: A systematic search of national and international databases of SID, MagIran, Google Scholar, Cochrane, Embase, ScienceDirect, Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science (WoS) was conducted to find articles published from 1988 to March 2020. Random effects model was used for analysis and heterogeneity of studies was investigated using I2 index. Data analysis was then carried out using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (Ver. 2).
RESULTS: A total of 51 articles with a total sample size of 48,195 individuals were included in the meta-analysis in all the components. The results showed that 18.9% (95% CI: 4.9-13.25%) of patients were single patients, 70.6% (95% CI: 63.5-76.8%) were married, 31.6% (95% CI: 24.5-39.7%) had low economic status, 52.1% (95% CI: 5.8-44.53%) had moderate economic status, level of education was below diploma in 33% (95% CI: 27.1-39.5%) of cases, 36.2% (95% CI: 27.3-46.1%) were smokers, and 8.8% (95% CI: 2.8-24.1%) of patients were unemployed.
CONCLUSION: The results of the present study indicate high socioeconomic inequality in RA patients in the main components of the study. Hence, to improve the aforementioned status and find causes and do the monitoring at all levels, appropriate solutions must be adopted by providing feedback to policy-makers.
KEY POINTS: • The results showed that 18.9% (95% CI: 4.9-13.25%) of patients were single patients. • 70.6% (95% CI: 63.5-76.8%) were married and 31.6% (95% CI: 24.5-39.7%) had low economic status. • 52.1% (95% CI: 5.8-44.53%) had moderate economic status; 36.2% (95% CI: 27.3-46.1%) were smokers.
An investigation on the relationship between physicochemical characteristics of alumina-supported cobalt catalyst and its performance in dry reforming of methane

Khairudin NF, Mohammadi M, Mohamed AR

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2021 Jun;28(23):29157-29176.
PMID: 33550559 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-12794-0

This study deals with the development of alumina-supported cobalt (Co/Al2O3) catalysts with remarkable performance in dry reforming of methane (DRM) and least carbon deposition. The influence of Co content, calcination, and reduction temperatures on the physicochemical attributes and catalyst activity of the developed catalysts was extensively studied. For this purpose, several characterization techniques including ICP-MS, H2 pulse chemisorption, HRTEM, H2-TPR, N2 adsorption desorption, and TGA were implemented, and the properties of the developed catalysts were carefully analyzed. The impact of reaction temperature, feed gas ratio, and gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) on the reactants conversion and products yield was investigated. Use of 10%Co/Al2O3 catalyst, calcined at 500°C and reduced under H2 at 900°C in DRM reaction at 850°C, CH4/CO2 ratio of 1:1, and GHSV of 6 L.g-1.h-1 resulted in a remarkable catalytic activity and sustainable performance in long-term operation where great CO2 (96%) and CH4 (98%) conversions and high H2 (83%) and CO (91%) yields with a negligible carbon deposition (3 wt%) were attained in 100-h on-stream reaction. The good performance of the developed catalyst in DRM reaction was attributed to the small Co particle size with well-dispersion on the alumina support which increased the catalytic activity and also the strong metal-support interaction which inhibited any serious metal sintering and enhanced the catalyst stability.
Catalytic CO2 gasification of rubber seed shell-derived hydrochar: reactivity and kinetic studies

Lahijani P, Mohammadi M, Mohamed AR

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2019 Apr;26(12):11767-11780.
PMID: 30815812 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04613-4

In this study, hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of a biomass was used as a means to improve the physicochemical properties of rubber seed shell (RSS) and enhance its reactivity in the char-CO2 gasification reaction, known as the Boudouard reaction (C + CO2 ↔ 2CO). Hydrochar samples were developed by hydrothermal treatment of RSS, without separating the solid residue from the liquid product, at 433, 473, 513, and 553 K under autogenous pressure. The CO2 gasification reactivity of the developed hydrochars was then investigated at different heating rates (5, 10, 20, and 30 K/min) by the non-isothermal thermogravimetric method. The hydrochars revealed higher reactivity and improved gasification characteristics compared to the untreated biomass, while the hydrochar which was filtered from the liquid slurry showed lower reactivity compared to the untreated biomass. This was due to the chemical and structural evolutions of the biomass during hydrothermal treatment as indicated by various analyses. The gasification reactivity of the hydrochar was substantially enhanced by introduction of a catalyst (NaNO3) during HTC. Kinetic analysis of the char-CO2 gasification reaction was carried out by applying Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO), Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS), and Starink isoconversional methods, and thermodynamic parameters were also determined. The activation energy of the Na-loaded RSS hydrochar in CO2 gasification (120-154 kJ/mol) was considerably lower than that of the untreated biomass (153-172 kJ/mol). Thermodynamic studies also confirmed the promoting effect of hydrothermal treatment and catalyst impregnation on enhancement of reactivity of the virgin biomass and reduction of gasification temperature.
Fulltext Effectiveness of a Peer-Led Behavioral Intervention Program on Tobacco Use-Related Knowledge, Attitude, Normative Beliefs, and Intention to Smoke among Adolescents at Iranian Public High Schools

Mohammadi M, Ghaleiha A, Rahnama R

Int J Prev Med, 2019;10:111.
PMID: 31360358 DOI: 10.4103/ijpvm.IJPVM_493_17

Background: Theory-based tobacco use prevention programs in schools were implemented to evaluate the effectiveness of this peer-led intervention on tobacco use-related knowledge, attitude, normative beliefs, and intention to tobacco use of school children aged 14-17 years old.
Methods: A school-based cluster randomized controlled intervention study was conducted among 1st, 2nd, and 3rd grade high school children in Sanandaj City, Iran. 4-h integrated tobacco use prevention program comprising of four structured modules was developed and delivered to the intervention group by trained peer educator. Outcome measures comprised changes in students' smoking-related knowledge, attitude, normative beliefs, and intention to tobacco use from baseline to 6-month follow-up through validated anonymous questionnaire.
Results: The present study showed an intervention effect on tobacco use-related knowledge, normative beliefs, and intention to tobacco use but not attitude. The results indicated that there was significant decrease in intention to tobacco use (P ≤ 0.013) observed after 6-month postintervention. The intervention module was also effective in improving smoking knowledge (P ≤ 0.001), normative beliefs with regard to perceived prevalence of cigarette smoking and water-pipe use among adults and adolescents (P ≤ 0.001) in intervention group 6-month postintervention.
Conclusions: Participation in the peer-led education program to tobacco use prevention may have improvement in knowledge, normative beliefs, and intention to tobacco use. An implementation of the peer-led behavioral intervention components in the school setting may have a beneficial effect on public health by decreasing intention to tobacco use among nonsmoker adolescents.
Microwave-enhanced CO2 gasification of oil palm shell char

Lahijani P, Zainal ZA, Mohamed AR, Mohammadi M

Bioresour Technol, 2014 Apr;158:193-200.
PMID: 24607454 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.02.015

CO2 gasification of oil palm shell (OPS) char to produce CO through the Boudouard reaction (C + CO2 ↔ 2CO) was investigated under microwave irradiation. A microwave heating system was developed to carry out the CO2 gasification in a packed bed of OPS char. The influence of char particle size, temperature and gas flow rate on CO2 conversion and CO evolution was considered. It was attempted to improve the reactivity of OPS char in gasification reaction through incorporation of Fe catalyst into the char skeleton. Very promising results were achieved in our experiments, where a CO2 conversion of 99% could be maintained during 60 min microwave-induced gasification of iron-catalyzed char. When similar gasification experiments were performed in conventional electric furnace, the superior performance of microwave over thermal driven reaction was elucidated. The activation energies of 36.0, 74.2 and 247.2 kJ/mol were obtained for catalytic and non-catalytic microwave and thermal heating, respectively.
CO2 gasification reactivity of biomass char: catalytic influence of alkali, alkaline earth and transition metal salts

Lahijani P, Zainal ZA, Mohamed AR, Mohammadi M

Bioresour Technol, 2013 Sep;144:288-95.
PMID: 23880130 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.06.059

This study investigates the influence of alkali (Na, K), alkaline earth (Ca, Mg) and transition (Fe) metal nitrates on CO2 gasification reactivity of pistachio nut shell (PNS) char. The preliminary gasification experiments were performed in thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) and the results showed considerable improvement in carbon conversion; Na-char>Ca-char>Fe-char>K-char>Mg-char>raw char. Based on TGA studies, NaNO3 (with loadings of 3-7 wt%) was selected as the superior catalyst for further gasification studies in bench-scale reactor; the highest reactivity was devoted to 5 wt% Na loaded char. The data acquired for gasification rate of catalyzed char were fitted with several kinetic models, among which, random pore model was adopted as the best model. Based on obtained gasification rate constant and using the Arrhenius plot, activation energy of 5 wt% Na loaded char was calculated as 151.46 kJ/mol which was 53 kJ/mol lower than that of un-catalyzed char.
Co-gasification of tire and biomass for enhancement of tire-char reactivity in CO2 gasification process

Lahijani P, Zainal ZA, Mohamed AR, Mohammadi M

Bioresour Technol, 2013 Jun;138:124-30.
PMID: 23612170 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.03.179

In this investigation, palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) and almond shell (AS) were implemented as two natural catalysts rich in alkali metals, especially potassium, to enhance the reactivity of tire-char through co-gasification process. Co-gasification experiments were conducted at several blending ratios using isothermal Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) under CO2. The pronounced effect of inherent alkali content of biomass-chars on promoting the reactivity of tire-char was proven when acid-treated biomass-chars did not exert any catalytic effect on improving the reactivity of tire-char in co-gasification experiments. In kinetic studies of the co-gasified samples in chemically-controlled regime, modified random pore model (M-RPM) was adopted to describe the reactive behavior of the tire-char/biomass-char blends. By virtue of the catalytic effect of biomass, the activation energy for tire-char gasification was lowered from 250 kJ/mol in pure form 203 to 187 kJ/mol for AS-char and EFB-char co-gasified samples, respectively.
Ash of palm empty fruit bunch as a natural catalyst for promoting the CO₂ gasification reactivity of biomass char

Lahijani P, Zainal ZA, Mohamed AR, Mohammadi M

Bioresour Technol, 2013 Mar;132:351-5.
PMID: 23195653 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.10.092

Palm empty fruit bunch ash (EFB-ash) was used as a natural catalyst, rich in potassium to enhance the CO2 gasification reactivity of palm shell char (PS-char). Various EFB-ash loadings (ranging from 0 to 12.5wt.%) were implemented to improve the reactivity of PS-char during CO2 gasification studies using thermogravimetric analysis. The achieved results explored that the highest gasification reactivity was devoted to 10% EFB-ash loaded char. The SEM-EDS and XRD analyses further confirmed the successful loading of EFB-ash on PS-char which contributed to promoting the gasification reactivity of char. Random pore model was applied to determine the kinetic parameters in catalytic gasification of char at various temperatures of 800-900°C. The dependence of char reaction rate on gasification temperature resulted in a straight line in Arrhenius-type plot, from which the activation energy of 158.75kJ/mol was obtained for the catalytic char gasification.
Fulltext Evaluation of treatment of previous cesarean scar pregnancy with methotrexate: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Salari N, Kazeminia M, Shohaimi S, Nankali AA, Mohammadi M

Reprod Biol Endocrinol, 2020 Nov 09;18(1):108.
PMID: 33168010 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-020-00666-0

BACKGROUND: Previous caesarean scar pregnancy is one type of ectopic pregnancy in myometrium and fibrous tissue of previous caesarean scar. One of the therapeutic methods of this type of ectopic pregnancy is treatment with methotrexate. Given various findings on the treatment of caesarean scar pregnancy with methotrexate and lack of global report in this regard, we aimed to achieve a global report on the treatment of CSP with methotrexate through related literature review and analysis of the results of the studies, to enable more precise planning to reduce complications of CSP.
METHOD: This review study extracted information through searching national and international databases of SID،, Embase, ScienceDirect, ، Scopus, ، PubMed, Web of Science (ISI) between 2003 and January 2020. To perform the meta-analysis, random-effects model and heterogeneity of the studies with I2 index were investigated. Data were sanalysed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis version 2.
RESULTS: In total, 26 articles with a sample size of 600 individuals were enrolled in the meta-analysis. According to the results of the study, the mean level of β-hCG was 28,744.98 ± 4425.1 mIU/ml before the intervention and was 23,836.78 ± 4533.1 mIU/ml after the intervention. The mean intraoperative blood loss (ml) was 4.8 ± 3.76 ml, mean hospital stay (days) was 11.7 ± 1.2 days, mean time for serum-hCG normalization (days) was 41.6 ± 3.2 days, success was 90.7% (95% CI: 86.7-93.5%), and complication was 9% (95% CI: 6.3-12.8%).
CONCLUSION: The results of the current study show methotrexate significantly reduces β-hCG levels and can be effective in treating caesarean scar pregnancy and its complications.
Fulltext Assessing measures implemented by export-oriented RMG firms in an emerging economy during COVID-19

Munim ZH, Mohammadi M, Shakil MH, Ali SM

Comput Ind Eng, 2022 Mar;165:107963.
PMID: 35079195 DOI: 10.1016/j.cie.2022.107963

Manufacturing firms that continued production activities during the COVID-19 have been taking necessary measures to cope with the risks imposed by the pandemic. This study assesses the measures implemented by the Ready-Made Garments (RMG) sector in Bangladesh. With the increase in COVID-19 cases in Bangladesh, following government order, along with firms in other manufacturing sectors, the RMG firms had to shut-down their production between March 26 and April 25, 2020. Soon after the factories reopened, they had to take necessary actions to ensure employee safety, supply of raw materials, and purchase orders from buyers. Using a semi-structured interview approach, we identify 16 measures that have been implemented in the RMG sector in Bangladesh for the employees, suppliers and buyers. Then, we assess the degree of implementation of these measures using the Bayesian Best-Worst method. We find that providing healthcare safety, bringing previously outsourced activities in-house, and ensuring smooth delivery of existing orders were the three most implemented measures for employees, suppliers and buyers, respectively. On a higher level, the RMG industry professionals prioritised buyer-related measures the most, followed by employee and supplier-related. The analysed measures provide a blueprint for supply chain risk management during future waves of COVID-19 transmission and for other potential large-scale natural disasters.
Prevalence of gastrointestinal complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Iran: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Kazeminia M, Salari N, Shohaimi S, Akbari H, Mohammadi M

J Diabetes Metab Disord, 2022 Jun;21(1):1029-1036.
PMID: 35673410 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-022-00974-9

BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes is the most common diabetes in the world and constitutes a high percentage of diabetes cases. This study aims to determine the overall prevalence of gastrointestinal complaints in Iranian patients with type 2 diabetes.
METHODS: The articles were extracted based on entry and exit criteria by searching the Cochrane (Embase), ScienceDirect databases. Scopus PubMed; And Web of Science (WoS), based on PRISMA 2009. To evaluate the studies, a 22-item STROBE checklist was selected and related items were used.
RESULTS: The probability of publication bias in reporting the results was examined by the Egger test (P = 0.891). The prevalence rate of gastrointestinal complaints in patients with type 2 diabetes in Iran in 10 studies was 52.3% (95% CI: 33.4-70.7%). The results of metargression showed a significant difference between the sample size and the prevalence of gastrointestinal complaints in patients with type 2 diabetes (P
Enhancement of CO2 adsorption on biochar sorbent modified by metal incorporation

Zubbri NA, Mohamed AR, Kamiuchi N, Mohammadi M

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2020 Apr;27(11):11809-11829.
PMID: 31975005 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-07734-3

This work is scrutinizing the development of metallized biochar as a low-cost bio-sorbent for low temperature CO2 capture with high adsorption capacity. Accordingly, single-step pyrolysis process was carried out in order to synthesize biochar from rambutan peel (RP) at different temperatures. The biochar product was then subjected to wet impregnation with several magnesium salts including magnesium nitrate, magnesium sulphate, magnesium chloride and magnesium acetate which then subsequently heat-treated with N2. The impregnation of magnesium into the biochar structure improved the CO2 capture performance in the sequence of magnesium nitrate > magnesium sulphate > magnesium chloride > magnesium acetate. There is an enhancement in CO2 adsorption capacity of metallized biochar (76.80 mg g-1) compare with pristine biochar (68.74 mg g-1). It can be justified by the synergetic influences of physicochemical characteristics. Gas selectivity study verified the high affinity of biochar for CO2 capture compared with other gases such as air, methane, and nitrogen. This investigation also revealed a stable performance of the metallized biochar in 25 cycles of CO2 adsorption and desorption. Avrami kinetic model accurately predicted the dynamic CO2 adsorption performance for pristine and metallized biochar.
CO2 reforming of methane to syngas over multi-walled carbon nanotube supported Ni-Ce nanoparticles: effect of different synthesis methods

Afandi NS, Mohammadi M, Ichikawa S, Mohamed AR

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2020 Dec;27(34):43011-43027.
PMID: 32725565 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10269-2

Several multi-walled carbon nanotubes supported Ni-Ce catalysts were synthesized, and their performance in carbon dioxide reforming of methane (CDRM) for syngas production was evaluated. The attachment of Ni-Ce nanoparticles to the functionalized carbon nanotube (fCNT) support was carried out using four synthesis routes, i.e., impregnation (I), sol-gel (S), co-precipitation (C), and hydrothermal (H) methods. Results indicated that synthesis method influences the properties of the NiCe/fCNT catalysts in terms of homogeneity of metal dispersion, size of crystallites, and metal-support interaction. The activity of the catalysts followed the order of NiCe/fCNT(H) > NiCe/fCNT(S) > NiCe/fCNT(C) > NiCe/fCNT(I). The NiCe/fCNT(H) catalyst exhibited the highest catalytic activity with CH4 and CO2 conversions of 92 and 96%, respectively, and resulted in syngas product with consistent H2/CO ratio of 0.91 at reaction temperature of 800 °C without notable deactivation up to 30 h of reaction. Moreover, the growth of carbon on the spent catalyst was only 2% with deposition rate of 4.08 mg/gcat·h; this was plausibly due to the well-dispersed distribution of nanoparticles on fCNT surface and abundant presence of oxygenated groups on the catalyst surface.
Global prevalence of urinary tract infection in pregnant mothers: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Salari N, Khoshbakht Y, Hemmati M, Khodayari Y, Khaleghi AA, Jafari F, et al.

Public Health, 2023 Sep 19;224:58-65.
PMID: 37734277 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.08.016

OBJECTIVE: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a prevalent infection during pregnancy that can lead to complications for both the mother and the foetus. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to determine the global prevalence of UTIs (both symptomatic and asymptomatic) during pregnancy, based on previous studies in this area. Furthermore, this study aims to identify any factors that contribute to heterogeneity in the prevalence of UTIs during pregnancy.
STUDY DESIGN: Systematic review and meta-analysis.
METHODS: This study was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis guidelines on August 8, 2022. To conduct the systematic review and meta-analysis, a search was performed using the keywords "urinary tract system", "UTI", "pregnancy", and "gestation" was performed in several databases, including Web of Science (WoS), PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Embase, and Google Scholar, without a time limit until September 18, 2022. The analysis was performed using a random-effects model, and the heterogeneity of the studies was assessed using the I2 index. The Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software (Version 2) was used for data analysis.
RESULTS: The systematic review and meta-analysis of 27 studies, which included a total of 30,641 pregnant women, showed an overall prevalence of UTI (both symptomatic and asymptomatic) to be 23.9% (95% confidence interval: 16.2-33.8). Meta-regression analysis was conducted to examine the impact of two factors, namely study sample size and study year, on the heterogeneity of the meta-analysis. The results revealed that an increase in sample size, and the study year was associated with a decrease in the prevalence of UTI in pregnant women (P
The Effect of IL-6 174G > C Gene Polymorphism on Gastrointestinal Cancer: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Darvishi N, Salari N, Bokaee S, Shohaimi S, Mohammadi M

Indian J Surg Oncol, 2023 Jun;14(2):411-422.
PMID: 37324283 DOI: 10.1007/s13193-022-01698-1

IL-6 gene polymorphisms can play a role in the development or control of cancer by affecting cytokines. Gastrointestinal cancer is one of the most common types of cancer worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of polymorphism of the IL-6 174G > C gene on gastrointestinal cancers based on a systematic review and meta-analysis, including gastric, colorectal, and esophageal cancer. In this study, a systematic and meta-analytical review of the study data on the effect of polymorphism of IL-6 174G > C gene on gastrointestinal cancer (gastric, colorectal, and esophageal cancer) in Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science, PubMed, and Science Direct Databases was extracted without any time limit until April 2020. In order to perform the analysis of eligible studies, the model of random effects was used and the heterogeneity of studies was investigated with I2 index. Data analysis was performed with Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software (Version 2). The total number of surveyed studies in patients with colorectal cancer was 22 studies. Based on the results of meta-analysis, the odds ratio of GG genotype in patients with colorectal cancer was 0.88. The odds ratio of GC genotype obtained in patients with colorectal cancer was 0.88 and the odds ratio of CC genotype in patients with colorectal cancer was 0.92. The total number of surveyed studies in patients with gastric cancer was 12. Based on the meta-analysis results, the odds ratio of GG genotype in patients with gastric cancer was 0.74, the odds ratio of GC genotype in patients with gastric cancer was 1.27, and the odds ratio of CC genotype in patients with gastric cancer was 0.78. The total number of surveyed studies in esophageal cancer patients was 3 studies. Based on the results of meta-analysis, the odds ratio of GG genotype in patients with esophageal cancer was 0.57, the odds ratio of GC genotype in patients with esophageal cancer was 0.44, and the odds ratio of chance of CC genotype in patients with esophageal cancer was 0.99. In general, different genotypes of polymorphism of the IL-6 174G > C gene reduce the risk of gastric, colorectal, and esophageal cancer. However, the GC genotype of this gene was associated with a 27% increased risk of gastric cancer.
Fulltext Global prevalence of vasovagal syncope: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Salari N, Karimi Z, Hemmati M, Mohammadi A, Shohaimi S, Mohammadi M

Glob Epidemiol, 2024 Jun;7:100136.
PMID: 38283939 DOI: 10.1016/j.gloepi.2024.100136

BACKGROUND: Today, vasovagal syncope is a common problem that has become a significant health and social challenge. The present study investigated the global prevalence of vasovagal syncope using a systematic review and meta-analysis.Methods: In this systematic review and meta-analysis study, the global prevalence of vasovagal syncope using the keywords Prevalence, Epidemiology, Vasovagal syncope, and Reflex syncope in PubMed, WoS, Scopus, ScienceDirect databases, and Google scholar search engine without time limit until July 20, 2022, was extracted and transferred to the information management software (EndNote). Then the repeated studies were excluded, and researchers evaluated the remaining studies during three stages (i.e., screening, eligibility, and qualitative assessment). The heterogeneity of studies was investigated using the I2 index, and the analysis of eligible studies was performed using the random effects model.
RESULTS: In the review of 12 studies with a sample size of 36,156 people, the global prevalence of vasovagal syncope was reported as 16.4 (95%CI: 6-37.5), and the study of publication bias in the studies through the Egger test shows the absence of publication bias in the studies.
CONCLUSION: The prevalence reported in the studies shows a high prevalence of vasovagal syncope, which requires serious intervention and preventive, diagnostic, and therapeutic measures. It is necessary for health policymakers to take effective measures in this field.
Metal-organic framework (MOF)-based biosensors for miRNA detection

Gorgani L, Mohammadi M, Najafpour Darzi G, Raoof JB

Talanta, 2024 Jun 01;273:125854.
PMID: 38447342 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.125854

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play several crucial roles in the physiological and pathological processes of the human body. They are considered as important biomarkers for the diagnosis of various disorders. Thus, rapid, sensitive, selective, and affordable detection of miRNAs is of great importance. However, the small size, low abundance, and highly similar sequences of miRNAs impose major challenges to their accurate detection in biological samples. In recent years, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been applied as promising sensing materials for the fabrication of different biosensors due to their distinctive characteristics, such as high porosity and surface area, tunable pores, outstanding adsorption affinities, and ease of functionalization. In this review, the applications of MOFs and MOF-derived materials in the fabrication of fluorescence, electrochemical, chemiluminescence, electrochemiluminescent, and photoelectrochemical biosensors for the detection of miRNAs and their detection principle and analytical performance are discussed. This paper attempts to provide readers with a comprehensive knowledge of the fabrication and sensing mechanisms of miRNA detection platforms.
Fulltext Kinetic studies on fermentative production of biofuel from synthesis gas using Clostridium ljungdahlii

Mohammadi M, Mohamed AR, Najafpour GD, Younesi H, Uzir MH

ScientificWorldJournal, 2014;2014:910590.
PMID: 24672390 DOI: 10.1155/2014/910590

The intrinsic growth, substrate uptake, and product formation biokinetic parameters were obtained for the anaerobic bacterium, Clostridium ljungdahlii, grown on synthesis gas in various pressurized batch bioreactors. A dual-substrate growth kinetic model using Luong for CO and Monod for H2 was used to describe the growth kinetics of the bacterium on these substrates. The maximum specific growth rate (μ(max) = 0.195 h(-1)) and Monod constants for CO (K s,CO = 0.855 atm) and H2 (K(s,H2) = 0.412 atm) were obtained. This model also accommodated the CO inhibitory effects on cell growth at high CO partial pressures, where no growth was apparent at high dissolved CO tensions (P(CO)(∗) > 0.743 atm). The Volterra model, Andrews, and modified Gompertz were, respectively, adopted to describe the cell growth, substrate uptake rate, and product formation. The maximum specific CO uptake rate (q(max) = 34.364 mmol/g cell/h), CO inhibition constant (K(I) = 0.601 atm), and maximum rate of ethanol (R(max) = 0.172 mmol/L/h at P(CO) = 0.598 atm) and acetate (R(max) = 0.096 mmol/L/h at P(CO) = 0.539 atm) production were determined from the applied models.
Recovery and purification of intracellular polyhydroxyalkanoates from recombinant Cupriavidus necator using water and ethanol

Mohammadi M, Hassan MA, Phang LY, Ariffin H, Shirai Y, Ando Y

Biotechnol Lett, 2012 Feb;34(2):253-9.
PMID: 22038551 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-011-0783-5

A new halogen-free and environmental-friendly method using water and ethanol is developed as an alternative for the recovery of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) from recombinant Cupriavidus necator in comparison to the established chloroform extraction method. After optimisation, our results showed that the halogen-free method produced a PHA with 81% purity and 96% recovery yield, in comparison to the chloroform extraction system which resulted in a highly pure PHA with 95% yield. Although the purity of the PHA using the new method is lower, the molecular weight of the extracted PHA is not compromised. This new method can be further developed as an alternative and more environmental-friendly method for industrial application.

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