Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 48 in total

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  1. Rahbari, R., Hamdi, M., Farhudi, O., Yahya, R., Asmalina, M., Marzuki, Z.
    MyJurnal
    Self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) of powder compacts is a novel processing technique being developed as a route for the production of engineering ceramics and other advanced materials. The process, which is also referred to as combustion synthesis, provides energy- and cost-saving advantages over the more conventional processing routes for these materials. In the case of titanium or titanium alloy materials, prior researches employed powder metallurgy technology for preparing metal matrix composites, MMCs and laminated structures through the use of fine powders of an inert phase or phases (TiC, TiN, TiB and TiB2B ) dispersed in Ti or Ti alloy powders. The present research relates to manufacture of titanium-ceramic composites that are synthesized by combustion synthesis (SHS) and retains a multilayered composite microstructure comprising one or more titanium-based layers and one ceramic titanium carbide layers.
  2. Shahabudin N, Yahya R, Gan SN
    Polymers (Basel), 2016 Apr 06;8(4).
    PMID: 30979216 DOI: 10.3390/polym8040125
    One of the approaches to prolong the service lifespan of polymeric material is the development of self-healing ability by means of embedded microcapsules containing a healing agent. In this work, poly(melamine-urea-formaldehyde) (PMUF) microcapsules containing a palm oil-based alkyd were produced by polymerization of melamine resin, urea and formaldehyde that encapsulated droplets of the suspended alkyd particles. A series of spherical and free-flowing microcapsules were obtained. The chemical properties of core and shell materials were characterized by Attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (¹H-NMR). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis showed a glass transition around -15 °C due to the alkyd, and a melting temperature at around 200 °C due to the shell. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) results showed that the core and shell thermally degraded within the temperature range of 200⁻600 °C. Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) examination of the ruptured microcapsule showed smooth inner and rough outer surfaces of the shell. Flexural strength and microhardness (Vickers) of the cured epoxy compound were not affected with the incorporation of 1%⁻3% of the microcapsules. The viability of the healing reactions was demonstrated by blending small amounts of alkyd with epoxy and hardener at different ratios. The blends could readily cure to non-sticky hard solids at room temperature and the reactions could be verified by ATR-FTIR.
  3. Naji GA, Omar RA, Yahya R
    J Mech Behav Biomed Mater, 2017 03;67:135-143.
    PMID: 28006713 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2016.12.007
    In all-ceramic systems, a high incidence of veneer chip-off has been reported in clinical studies. Coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) behaviour is one of the factors that may increase residual stress in the interface and influence the veneer/core bond strength. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of sodalite zeolite-infiltration on the CTE behaviour and bond strength of different all-ceramic prostheses. The case-study groups were synthesized sodalite zeolite-infiltrated alumina (IA-SOD) and synthesized sodalite zeolite-infiltrated zirconia-toughened alumina (ZTA) (IZ-SOD), while the control groups were glass-infiltrated alumina (IA-glass) and glass-infiltrated ZTA (IZ-glass). Forty cylindrical-shaped samples measuring 5 mm in diameter and 10 mm in height were tested for CTE using a thermo-mechanical analyser machine, and forty disc-shaped ceramic samples measuring 12 mm in diameter and 1.2 ± 0.2 mm in thickness were prepared using specially designed stainless steel split mould and veneered by cylinder-shaped (2 mm high × 2 mm diameter) low-fusing porcelain (Vita VM7). The veneer/core samples were sintered and tested for shear bond strength using a high precision universal testing machine. Scanning electron microscope, stereo microscope, atomic force microscope, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy were used to investigate the structural characteristics of samples at the fracture surface. The collected data were analyzed with a one-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD test (α=.05). IZ-SOD revealed highest CTE and shear bond strength values, while the IA-glass revealed the lowest values than the other groups. There was no significant difference in CTE and bond strength among IZ-SOD, IA-SOD and IZ-glass samples (p>0.05). The experimental SOD zeolite-infiltrated samples revealed higher CTE mismatch and bond strength along with a more favourable mode of failure than did the commercial glass-infiltrated samples. Sandblast technique is considered as effective conditioning procedure for enhancing the surface roughness of SOD zeolite-infiltrated frameworks which subsequently improving the bond strength.
  4. Mahmoodian R, Yahya R, Dabbagh A, Hamdi M, Hassan MA
    PLoS One, 2015;10(12):e0144632.
    PMID: 26641651 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144632
    A novel method is proposed to study the behavior and phase formation of a Si+C compacted pellet under centrifugal acceleration in a hybrid reaction. Si+C as elemental mixture in the form of a pellet is embedded in a centrifugal tube. The pellet assembly and tube are exposed to the sudden thermal energy of a thermite reaction resulted in a hybrid reaction. The hybrid reaction of thermite and Si+C produced unique phases. X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD) as well as microstructural and elemental analyses are then investigated. XRD pattern showed formation of materials with possible electronic and magnetic properties. The cooling rate and the molten particle viscosity mathematical model of the process are meant to assist in understanding the physical and chemical phenomena took place during and after reaction. The results analysis revealed that up to 85% of materials converted into secondary products as ceramics-matrix composite.
  5. Yahya R, Karjiban RA, Basri M, Rahman MB, Girardi M
    J Mol Model, 2014 Nov;20(11):2512.
    PMID: 25381172 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-014-2512-1
    Nonionic surfactants such as the Brij® series are important in the preparation of transdermal drug nanodelivery products using nanoemulsions because of their low toxicity and low irritancy. Here, Monte Carlo (MC) simulation was used to examine the physical behavior of the model deterministic system by using sampling procedures. Metropolis MC simulations were run on three mixtures of two different nonionic surfactants, Brij92 and Brij96, with different compositions in aqueous solution. The system was simulated in the canonical ensemble with constant temperature, volume and number of molecules. Hence, the acceptance ratio for single atom moves of the mixed surfactants increased as the concentration of surfactants increased from 0.494 to 0.591. The lowest total energy for the mixed surfactant systems was -99,039 kcal mol(-1) due to the interaction between all molecules in the system simulated. The physicochemical properties of models such as the radius of gyration and radial distribution function, were also determined. These observations indicate that the behavior and physicochemical of mixed surfactant and PKOEs nanoemulsion systems were described adequately during the simulation.
  6. Al-Mehana WN, Yahya R, Lo KM
    PMID: 22219934 DOI: 10.1107/S160053681104102X
    The mol-ecule of the title compound, C(20)H(16)N(2)O(2), is centrosymmetric with the mid-point of the central N-N bond located on an inversion center. The configuration around the C=N bond is E. The whole mol-ecule (except for the H atoms) is approximately planar, with an r.m.s. deviation of 0.07 Å. In the crystal, the presence of weak inter-molecular C-H⋯O hydrogen bonding involving each acetyl-ene H atom and the adjacent phen-oxy O atom results in the formation of supra-molecular chains.
  7. Sim LH, Gan SN, Chan CH, Yahya R
    Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc, 2010 Aug;76(3-4):287-92.
    PMID: 20444642 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2009.09.031
    The interaction behaviours between components of polyacrylate (PAc)/poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and lithium perchlorate (LiClO(4)) were investigated in detail by Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR)-Fourier Transformed Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Solution cast films of the PAc/PEO and PAc/PEO/LiClO(4) were examined. No obvious shifting of the characteristic ether and ester group stretching modes of PEO and PAc was observed, indicating incompatibility of the binary PAc/PEO blend. The spectroscopic studies on the PAc/PEO/LiClO(4) blends reveal that Li(+) ions coordinate individually to the polymer components at the ether oxygen of PEO and the C-O of the ester group of PAc. Frequency changes observed on the nu(C-O-C) and omega(CH(2)) of PEO confirm the coordination between PEO and Li(+) ions resulting in crystallinity suppression of PEO. The absence of experimental evidence on the formation of PEO-Li(+)-PAc complexes suggests that LiClO(4) does not enhance the compatibility of PAc/PEO blend.
  8. Soume BB, Yahya R, Gan SN, Ng SW
    PMID: 21201619 DOI: 10.1107/S1600536808025798
    In the crystal structure of the title compound, [Cr(3)(C(2)Cl(3)O(2))(7)O(H(2)O)(2)]·3CH(3)CN, the trinuclear [Cr(3)O(H(2)O)(2)(Cl(3)CCO(2))(7)] mol-ecule has an oxide O atom that is connected to one monodentate trichloro-acetate-coordinated and two water-coordinated Cr(III) atoms, the three metal atoms forming the points of an equilateral triangle. Each of the six remaining carboxyl-ate groups bridges a Cr-O-Cr fragment. The cluster inter-acts with the three solvent mol-ecules through water-acetonitrile O-H⋯N hydrogen bonds. Adjacent clusters are linked by a water-carboxylate O-H⋯O hydrogen bond to give a helical chain. One of the CCl(3) groups was found to be disordered over two positions, with the major component having a site-occupancy factor of 0.64 (1).
  9. Vikneswaran R, Syafiq MS, Eltayeb NE, Kamaruddin MN, Ramesh S, Yahya R
    PMID: 26046495 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2015.05.087
    Copper ion recognition and DNA interaction of a newly synthesized fluorescent Schiff base (HPyETSC) were investigated using UV-vis and fluorescent spectroscopy. Examination using these two techniques revealed that the detection of copper by HPyETSC is highly sensitive and selective, with a detection limit of 0.39 μm and the mode of interaction between HPyETSC and DNA is electrostatic, with a binding constant of 8.97×10(4) M(-1). Furthermore, gel electrophoresis studies showed that HPyETSC exhibited nuclease activity through oxidative pathway.
  10. Selvanathan V, Azzahari AD, Abd Halim AA, Yahya R
    Carbohydr Polym, 2017 Jul 01;167:210-218.
    PMID: 28433156 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.03.023
    A first-of-its-kind, eco-friendly quasi-solid bioelectrolyte derived from potato starch was prepared. Starch was chemically modified via phthaloylation to synthesize amorphous, hydrophobic starch derivative and the attachment of the phthaloyl group was confirmed via FTIR which showed phthalate ester peak at 1715cm-1; and 1H NMR peaks between 7.30-7.90ppm attributed to the aromatic protons of the phthaloyl group. The resulting starch derivative was then infused with ternary natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES) made from different molar ratios of choline chloride, urea and glycerol. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) revealed that the highest ionic conductivity was obtained by the system consisting of NADES with choline chloride:urea:glycerol in molar ratios of 4:6:2, with a magnitude of 2.86mScm-1, hence validating the prospects of the materials to be further experimented as an alternative electrolyte in various electrochemical devices.
  11. Taqui SN, Yahya R, Hassan A, Nayak N, Syed AA
    Int J Phytoremediation, 2017 Jul 03;19(7):686-694.
    PMID: 28121459 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2017.1284746
    Fennel seed spent (FSS)-an inexpensive nutraceutical industrial spent has been used as an efficient biosorbent for the removal of Congo red (CR) from aqueous media. Results show that the conditions for maximum adsorption would be pH 2-4 and 30°C were ideal for maximum adsorption. Based on regression fitting of the data, it was determined that the Sips isotherm (R2 = 0.994, χ2 = 0.5) adequately described the mechanism of adsorption, suggesting that the adsorption occurs homogeneously with favorable interaction between layers with favorable interaction between layers. Thermodynamic analysis showed that the adsorption is favorable (negative values for ΔG°) and endothermic (ΔH° = 12-20 kJ mol-1) for initial dye concentrations of 25, 50, and 100 ppm. The low ΔH° value indicates that the adsorption is a physical process involving weak chemical interactions like hydrogen bonds and van der Waals interactions. The kinetics revealed that the adsorption process showed pseudo-second-order tendencies with the equal influence of intraparticle as well as film diffusion. The scanning electron microscopy images of FSS show a highly fibrous matrix with a hierarchical porous structure. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis of the spent confirmed the presence of cellulosic and lignocellulosic matter, giving it both hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties. The investigations indicate that FSS is a cost-effective and efficient biosorbent for the remediation of toxic CR dye.
  12. Hammed WA, Rahman MS, Mahmud HNME, Yahya R, Sulaiman K
    Des Monomers Polym, 2017;20(1):368-377.
    PMID: 29491808 DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2016.1271086
    A soluble poly (n-vinyl carbazole)-polypyrrole (PNVC-Ppy) copolymer was prepared through oxidative chemical polymerization wherein dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid (DBSA) was used as a dopant to facilitate polymer-organic solvent interaction and ammonium persulfate (APS) was used as an oxidant. Compared with undoped PNVC-Ppy, the DBSA-doped PNVC-Ppy copolymer showed higher solubility in some selected organic solvents. The composition and structural characteristics of the DBSA-doped PNVC-Ppy were determined by Fourier transform infrared, ultraviolet-visible, and X-ray diffraction spectroscopic methods. Field emission scanning electron microscopic method was employed to observe the morphology of the DBSA-doped PNVC-Ppy copolymer. The electrical conductivity of the DBSA-doped PNVC-Ppy copolymer was measured at room temperature. The conductivity increased with increasing concentration of APS oxidant, and the highest conductivity was recorded at 0.004 mol/dm3APS at a polymerization temperature of -5 °C. The increased conductivity can be explained by the extended half-life of pyrrole free radical at a lower temperature and a gradual increase in chain length over a prolonged time due to the slow addition of APS. Furthermore, the obtained soluble copolymer exhibits unique optical and thermal properties different from those of PNVC and Ppy.
  13. Farhan N, Al-Maleki AR, Sarih NM, Yahya R
    Bioorg Chem, 2023 Nov;140:106786.
    PMID: 37586131 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106786
    Recent studies show that some metal ions, injure microbial cells in various ways due to membrane breakdown, protein malfunction, and oxidative stress. Metal complexes are suited for creating novel antibacterial medications due to their distinct mechanisms of action and the variety of three-dimensional geometries they can acquire. In this Perspective, the present study focused on new antibacterial strategies based on metal oleoyl amide complexes. Thus, oleoyl amides ligand (fatty hydroxamic acid and fatty hydrazide hydrate) with the transition metal ions named Ag (I), Co (II), Cu (II), Ni (II) and Sn (II) complexes were successfully synthesized in this study. The metals- oleoyl amide were characterized using elemental analysis, and fourier transforms infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The antibacterial effect of metals- oleoyl amide complexes was investigated for Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli) and Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) by analysing minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that metal-oleoyl amide complexes have high antibacterial activity at low concentrations. This study inferred that metal oleoyl amide complexes could be utilised as a promising therapeutic antibacterial agent.
  14. M Zawawi SM, Yahya R, Hassan A, Mahmud HN, Daud MN
    Chem Cent J, 2013;7(1):80.
    PMID: 23634962 DOI: 10.1186/1752-153X-7-80
    Metal tungstates have attracted much attention due to their interesting structural and photoluminescence properties. Depending on the size of the bivalent cation present, the metal tungstates will adopt structures with different phases. In this work, three different phases of metal tungstates MWO4 (M= Ba, Ni and Bi) were synthesized via the sucrose templated method.
  15. Al-Mehana WN, Yahya R, Sonsudin F, Al-Mehana IN, Lo KM
    Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online, 2012 Oct 1;68(Pt 10):o2990.
    PMID: 23125764 DOI: 10.1107/S1600536812038354
    The complete molecule of the title compound, C(18)H(20)N(2)O(4), is generated by inversion symmetry. The conformation around the C=N bond is E. With the exception of the eth-oxy substituent, the mol-ecule is essentially planar with an r.m.s. deviation of 0.0455 Å. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked by O-H⋯N hydrogen bonds into a two-dimensional supra-molecular network parallel to the bc plane.
  16. Al-Mehana WN, Shakir RM, Yahya R, Abd Halim SN, Tiekink ER
    Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online, 2011 Jul 1;67(Pt 7):o1659.
    PMID: 21837059 DOI: 10.1107/S1600536811022410
    The complete mol-ecule in the title compound, C(22)H(20)N(2)O(4), is generated by the application of an inversion centre. With the exception of the terminal acetyl-ene groups [C-O-C-C = -78.02 (17)°], the remaining atoms constituting the mol-ecule are essentially coplanar. The configuration around the C=N bond [1.282 (2) Å] is E. The formation of supra-molecular chains mediated by C-H⋯O inter-actions, occurring between methyl-ene H and meth-oxy O atoms, is the most notable feature of the crystal packing.
  17. Huang XD, Liang JB, Tan HY, Yahya R, Long R, Ho YW
    J Agric Food Chem, 2011 Oct 12;59(19):10677-82.
    PMID: 21899359 DOI: 10.1021/jf201925g
    Depending on their source, concentration, chemical structure, and molecular weight, condensed tannins (CTs) form insoluble complexes with protein, which could lead to ruminal bypass protein, benefiting animal production. In this study, CTs from Leuceana leucocephala hybrid were fractionated into five fractions by a size exclusion chromatography procedure. The molecular weights of the CT fractions were determined using Q-TOF LC-MS, and the protein-binding affinities of the respective CT fractions were determined using a protein precipitation assay with bovine serum albumin (BSA) as the standard protein. The calculated number-average molecular weights (M(n)) were 1348.6, 857.1, 730.1, 726.0, and 497.1, and b values (the b value represents the CT quantity that is needed to bind half of the maximum precipitable BSA) of the different molecular weight fractions were 0.381, 0.510, 0.580, 0.636, and 0.780 for fractions 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, respectively. The results indicated that, in general, CTs of higher molecular weight fractions have stronger protein-binding affinity than those of lower molecular weights. However, the number of hydroxyl units within the structure of CT polymers also affects the protein-binding affinity.
  18. Loke SC, Kanesvaran R, Yahya R, Fisal L, Wong TW, Loong YY
    Ann Acad Med Singap, 2009 Dec;38(12):1074-80.
    PMID: 20052443
    INTRODUCTION: Intravenous calcium gluconate has been used to prevent postoperative hypocalcaemia (POH) following parathyroidectomy for secondary hyperparathyroidism in chronic kidney disease (CKD).

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective data were obtained for 36 patients with CKD stage 4 and 5 after parathyroid surgery, correlating albumin-corrected serum calcium with the infusion rate of calcium gluconate. Calcium flux was characterised along with excursions out of the target calcium range of 2 to 3 mmol/L. With this data, an improved titration regimen was constructed.

    RESULTS: Mean peak efflux rate (PER) from the extracellular calcium pool was 2.97 mmol/h occurring 26.6 hours postoperatively. Peak calcium efflux tended to occur later in cases of severe POH. Eighty-one per cent of patients had excursions outside of the target calcium range of 2 to 3 mmol/L. Mean time of onset for hypocalcaemia was 2 days postoperatively. Hypocalcaemia was transient in 25% and persistent in 11% of patients.

    CONCLUSION: A simple titration regimen was constructed in which a 10% calcium gluconate infusion was started at 4.5 mL/h when serum calcium was <2 mmol/L, then increased to 6.5 mL/h and finally to 9.0 mL/h if calcium continued falling. Preoperative oral calcium and calcitriol doses were maintained. Blood testing was done 6-hourly, but when a higher infusion rate was needed, 4-hourly blood testing was preferred. Monitoring was discontinued if no hypocalcaemia developed in the fi rst 4 days after surgery. If hypocalcaemia persisted 6 days after surgery, then the infusion was stopped with further monitoring for 24 hours.

  19. Yahya R, Bavanandan S, Yap YC, Jazilah W, Shaariah W, Wong HS, et al.
    Med J Malaysia, 2008 Sep;63 Suppl C:18-9.
    PMID: 19230242
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