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Fulltext Racial variations in tooth pain and care-seeking in adolescents in Malaysia

Tay K, Beh CLJ, Babar MG, Kweh TJ, Priya E, Pau A

BDJ Open, 2021 Jan 19;7(1):2.
PMID: 33469006 DOI: 10.1038/s41405-021-00058-5

OBJECTIVE: Tooth pain among adolescents is a common event that impacts substantially on quality of life. The purpose of this paper is to explore the role of race in the tooth pain experience and associated care-seeking.
DESIGN: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted on 14-18 years from four different public schools in Kuala Lumpur. Socio-demographic, pain symptoms, and social impacts data were collected as well as medication use and visiting a dentist for tooth pain.
RESULTS: Of 1473 questionnaires distributed, 1452 (98.6%) completed questionnaires were returned, with 269 (18.5%) reported having experienced tooth pain in the past 1 month. Those who identified as Indian (26.1%) were more likely to report tooth pain compared to Chinese (16.5%) and Malay (20.9%). In regression analysis, no factors were identified as independently associated with medication use, but Chinese and Indians compared to Malays, and those expressing difficulty sleeping were more likely to report visiting a dentist for treatment.
CONCLUSION: Racial variations in the tooth pain experience and care-seeking have been identified. This may be related to socio-economic status, but further research is needed on the role of culture-related care-seeking and accessibility of dental services.
Re-audit of the use of flumazenil following midazolam-induced conscious sedation

Rosli MSA, Heidari E

BDJ Open, 2023 Aug 04;9(1):36.
PMID: 37542050 DOI: 10.1038/s41405-023-00163-7

INTRODUCTION: Flumazenil is an antagonist drug of Benzodiazepam (BDZ) that has been used as a reversal agent of midazolam-induced conscious sedation (CS) in both emergency and elective procedures. For CS procedure, a high-quality record keeping and clinical justification prior to admission of flumazenil are recommended. Clinical Audit (CA) enables clinicians to evaluate the quality and standard of recorded clinical procedures.
METHODS: This re-audit investigated the reasons for the use of flumazenil and record keeping's quality with particular emphasis on CS. In this retrospective reaudit, the authors looked at the patients' records who had received dental care under CS in the Sedation and Special Care Department of (SSCD), United Kingdom from January to June 2022.
RESULTS: Out of 665 patients who received midazolam-induced CS, 21 patients were administered IV Flumazenil. The commonest reason (9, 42.8%) was due to prolonged recovery.
CONCLUSION: This re-audit highlighted the need for administrating flumazenil in certain patient groups, and/or circumstances (not emergency). The importance of maintaining high-quality record keeping is discussed.
Fulltext Gene expression profiling on effect of aspirin on osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells

Abd Rahman F

BDJ Open, 2021 Sep 16;7(1):35.
PMID: 34531365 DOI: 10.1038/s41405-021-00090-5

Periodontal ligament (PDL) contains a unique population of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), also known as PDL stem cells (PDLSCs). The regenerative properties of PDLSCs hold great potential for its use in stem cells based therapy, particularly for periodontal or bone regeneration. The present study investigated the global gene expression profile in PDLSCs during osteogenic differentiation. MSCs from PDL were isolated from normal permanent human teeth (n = 3). Microarray analysis was used to study the effects of ASA (200, 500, and 1000 μM) on the gene expression profiles in PDLSCs during osteogenic differentiation. Microarray study revealed that ASA was able to modulate PDLSCs gene expression profile. At 200 µM, 315 genes were dysregulated genes (DE), involving 151 upregulated and 164 downregulated genes. At 500 µM, 794 genes were DE, involving of 364 upregulated and 430 downregulated genes. At 1000 µM, the number of DE genes increased to 2035, of which 735 were upregulated and 1300 were downregulated. Bioinformatics analyses of the gene expression data revealed that the majority of DE genes (for 500 and 1000 µM ASA treatment) are involved in osteogenic differentiation. The gene network analysis was carried out using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) software, and this revealed that the number of gene groups involved in cell adhesion and extracellular matrix components were increased. This study indicated that ASA could enhance PDLSCs functions and provide evidence for the potential use of ASA with PDLSCs for regenerative dentistry applications, particularly in the areas of periodontal health and regeneration. Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) Aspirin (ASA) Microarray Osteogenic.
Impact of dental visiting patterns on oral health: A systematic review of longitudinal studies

Mohd Khairuddin AN, Bogale B, Kang J, Gallagher JE

BDJ Open, 2024 Mar 06;10(1):18.
PMID: 38448428 DOI: 10.1038/s41405-024-00195-7

AIM: To systematically review longitudinal studies investigating the impact of dental visiting patterns on oral health across the life course.
METHODS: Five databases (MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL) were searched up to March 2023. Results were screened based on eligibility criteria in a two-stage process: title and abstract, and full-text review. A backward search of reference lists and a forward search of citations of the included papers was also conducted. The quality of the included papers was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Key study information was extracted and a narrative synthesis of the findings was performed.
RESULTS: Eleven papers from five longitudinal studies in five countries (Australia, Brazil, China, New Zealand, Sweden) met the inclusion criteria. Studies of moderate to high quality consistently reported that regular dental attendance was associated with having less dental caries experience, fewer missing teeth and better oral health-related quality of life. Inconsistent findings were observed for decayed teeth, and no association was found for periodontal condition.
CONCLUSIONS: This review highlights an association between regular dental visiting pattern and improved oral health, notably less dental caries experience and better oral health-related quality of life. Dental attendance emerges as an important predictor of oral health across the life course, underscoring the importance of routine dental care.
REGISTRATION INFORMATION: The PROSPERO registration number is CRD42023396380.