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Fulltext Age estimation of an Indian population by using the Kim's scoring system of occlusal tooth wear

Telang LA, Patil K, Mahima VG

J Forensic Dent Sci, 2014 Jan;6(1):16-24.
PMID: 24695780 DOI: 10.4103/0975-1475.127765

Age is one of the prime factors employed to establish the identity of an individual and the use of teeth for this purpose has been considered reliable. Tooth wear is widely accepted as a physiological consequence of aging and evaluation of tooth wear can be a simple and convenient tool to estimate age in adults.
Fulltext Dental age estimation of growing children by measurement of open apices: A Malaysian formula

Cugati N, Kumaresan R, Srinivasan B, Karthikeyan P

J Forensic Dent Sci, 2015 Sep-Dec;7(3):227-31.
PMID: 26816464 DOI: 10.4103/0975-1475.172445

BACKGROUND: Age estimation is of prime importance in forensic science and clinical dentistry. Age estimation based on teeth development is one reliable approach. Many radiographic methods are proposed on the Western population for estimating dental age, and a similar assessment was found to be inadequate in Malaysian population. Hence, this study aims at formulating a regression model for dental age estimation in Malaysian children population using Cameriere's method.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Orthopantomographs of 421 Malaysian children aged between 5 and 16 years involving all the three ethnic origins were digitalized and analyzed using Cameriere's method of age estimation. The subjects' age was modeled as a function of the morphological variables, gender (g), ethnicity, sum of normalized open apices (s), number of tooth with completed root formation (N0) and the first-order interaction between s and N0.
RESULTS: The variables that contributed significantly to the fit were included in the regression model, yielding the following formula: Age = 11.368-0.345g + 0.553No -1.096s - 0.380s.No, where g is a variable, 1 for males and 2 for females. The equation explained 87.1% of total deviance.
CONCLUSION: The results obtained insist on reframing the original Cameriere's formula to suit the population of the nation specifically. Further studies are to be conducted to evaluate the applicability of this formula on a larger sample size.
KEYWORDS: Age estimation; Cameriere's method; dental age; forensic odontology
Fulltext The effects of temperature on extracted teeth of different age groups: A pilot study

George R, Tan WJ, Shih Yi AL, Donald PM

J Forensic Dent Sci, 2018 4 17;9(3):165-174.
PMID: 29657495 DOI: 10.4103/jfo.jfds_25_16

Context: Type of dentition and age related changes may affect the behavior of dental hard tissues under thermal stress.
Aim: This study was conducted to analyze the effects of varying temperatures on extracted teeth of different age groups in a simulated laboratory set up.
Settings and Design: Experimental pilot study.
Methods and Material: Extracted teeth from three age groups (deciduous, young permanent and adult permanent) were collected and were exposed to three different temperatures (400°C, 700°C and 1000°C) in a laboratory set up. Post-test changes were analyzed visually and radiographically.
Results: (1) The colour changes of the teeth may serve as an indicator for the temperature to which they were exposed. (2) Deciduous teeth tolerated thermal stress with lesser morphological changes compared to young and adult permanent teeth. (3) Coronal dentin of elderly permanent teeth appeared to be more resistant to thermal stress compared to that of young permanent teeth. (4) The root portion of the teeth showed better tolerance to temperature while crown was fragmented easily under thermal stress.
Conclusion: The age factor and type of the dentition may influence the heat induced changes in teeth. These variables should be taken into consideration while applying comparative dental identification methods where dental hard tissues are exposed to extreme temperatures.
Fulltext Dental age estimation in India: Do we have a role beyond publishing scientific evidences?

Jayaraman J

J Forensic Dent Sci, 2018 8 21;10(1):55-57.
PMID: 30122871 DOI: 10.4103/jfo.jfds_15_18
Fulltext Tori in a Malaysian population: Morphological and ethnic variations

Telang LA, Telang A, Nerali J, Pradeep P

J Forensic Dent Sci, 2020 01 24;11(2):107-112.
PMID: 32082047 DOI: 10.4103/jfo.jfds_66_19

Aim: Tori are nonneoplastic self-limiting, bony exostosis that are commonly called torus palatinus (TP) when seen on the hard palate and termed torus mandibularis (TM) when seen on the lingual surface of the mandible. These lesions have long been known to anthropologists and have mostly been identified incidentally during routine dental examinations. The prevalence of tori varies in different populations from 0.0% to 66% for TP and between 0.1% and 63.4% for TM. The exact etiology is still unclear, but the most accepted theory today is 30% attributed to genetics and 70% to environmental factors. Hence, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of tori and study their morphology among various ethnic groups of a Malaysian population.
Materials and Methods: A ross-sectional study was conducted involving the screening of patients that reported to the oral medicine clinics over a 2-year period. Age, gender, ethnicity, morphological variations in shape and size, number, and location of tori were recorded in all positive cases.
Results: Fourteen percent of individuals (n = 624) among the total 4443 who were screened were found to have either palatine tori, mandibular tori, or both. The prevalence of PT and MT was 10.8% and 0.9%, respectively. Tori were found in people in the age range of 5-85 years, with the maximum in the age range of 20-29 years (24.7%). The male-to-female ratio for PT and MT was 1:1.4 and 1:0.68, respectively. The morphologic shapes of palatine tori that were observed were flat (10%), spindle (10%), linear (15%), and nodular (59%) with up to six lobules. Mandibular tori were located either unilaterally or bilaterally; they were nodular in shape (89%) and/or band like (15%), with the band-like shape being described for the first time. Size variations ranging from 0.5 to 5 cm were observed.
Conclusion: The relatively high prevalence of tori among major ethnic groups of this region supports the probable hypothesis of the role of environmental factors. A wide variation in the morphology was also noted, along with a new morphologic variant of band-like TM, which may be due to the influence of diet or an unknown environmental factor.
Fulltext Comparison of cheiloscopy, odontometric, and facial index for sex determination in forensic dentistry

Priyadharshini KI, Ambika M, Sekar B, Mohanbabu V, Sabarinath B, Pavithra I

J Forensic Dent Sci, 2019 2 13;10(2):88-91.
PMID: 30745784 DOI: 10.4103/jfo.jfds_102_17

Background: The "gender determination" which is an important human identification procedure not only helps in establishing the biological profile from skeletal and dental remains but also in facial reconstruction of unidentified victims.
Aim: The aim of this study is to analyze predominant types of lip prints (cheiloscopy), accuracy of mandibular canine index (MCI) (odontometric), and facial index in the study population and to identify whether any correlation among the above parameters could help forensic dentistry in solving crimes.
Materials and Methods: A pilot study was conducted in 100 individuals, 50 males and 50 females aged between 20 and 25 years. For each individual, the lip prints, MCI, and facial index measurements were recorded on the same day analyzed by two observers. All the analysis was done using SPSS version 14 assessed using t-test and Chi-square test.
Results: Type II pattern of lip prints is observed as common pattern among male and female. There is no significant difference in Odontometric analysis. The mean value of facial index analysis in both genders shows highly significant.
Conclusion: A large-scale study is required in order to validate our results to arrive at definitive results and value.