Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 95 in total

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  1. Ali Ahmed AB, Taha RM
    Adv. Food Nutr. Res., 2011;64:403-16.
    PMID: 22054964 DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-387669-0.00031-4
    Biofilms are a natural part of the ecology of the earth. Many biofilms are quite harmful and must be treated or controlled. Other biofilms are beneficial and can be used to help fix serious problems. Biofilms can grow on many different surfaces, including rocks in water, foods, teeth, and various biomedical implants. This bacterial colonization may present the need for additional operations, amputation, or it may even lead to death. The fundamental principles of bacterial cell attachment and biofilm formation are discussed. Biofilms represents a new, wide-open field practice and research that is only going to get hotter with time. Functional organic plasma polymerized coatings are also discussed for their potential as bio-sensitive interfaces, connecting metallic electronic devices with their physiological environments.
    Matched MeSH terms: Bacterial Infections/microbiology*
  2. Hanifah YA, Yusof MY
    Malays J Pathol, 1991 Jun;13(1):33-5.
    PMID: 1795559
    A total of 676 patients were admitted to the intensive care unit, University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur between January 1989 and March 1990. Fifty-one hospital-acquired infections were recorded, giving a rate of 7.6%. The most frequent site of infection was the respiratory tract (41.2%), followed by the urinary tract (27.5%). Most of the pathogens were gram-negative bacilli (71%). The three most common pathogens were Klebsiella species, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus.
    Matched MeSH terms: Bacterial Infections/microbiology
  3. Neela V, Thomas R, Rankouhi SZR, Karunanidhi A, Shueh CS, Hamat RA, et al.
    J Med Microbiol, 2012 Dec;61(Pt 12):1792-1794.
    PMID: 22956752 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.049403-0
    Matched MeSH terms: Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/microbiology
  4. Vadivelu J, Puthucheary SD, Navaratnam P
    Singapore Med J, 1992 Aug;33(4):375-7.
    PMID: 1411668
    The haemolysins produced by Aeromonas species were detected and compared by two assay methods--a modified blood agar plate assay and the rabbit erythrocyte haemolysin method. Both assays showed a high level of agreement (86%). The titres of the rabbit erythrocyte haemolysin assay correlated with the haemolytic zone diameter of the ox blood agar assay. In addition the agar haemolysin assay had simple media requirements, was easy to perform and results were well defined.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/microbiology*
  5. Lim VKE
    Singapore Med J, 1985 Dec;26(7):516-8.
    PMID: 3834608
    Nonfermentative Gram-negative bacilli were commonly isolated from clinical material in a Malaysian hospital over a two year period of study. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter sp and other Pseudomonas were the most common organisms seen. Although these bacteria occurred regularly in clinical specimens their pathogenetic role could be established in only a small proportion of cases. Most 01 these organism were either contaminants or
    commensals 01 the normal bacterial flora. It is important to interpret the isolation of a nonfermentative Gram-negative bacillus with caution, and in the light of clinical findings. Failure to do so may result in the unnecessary use of antibiotics.
    Matched MeSH terms: Bacterial Infections/microbiology*
  6. McNeil HC, Lean SS, Lim V, Clarke SC
    Int J Antimicrob Agents, 2016 Nov;48(5):578-579.
    PMID: 27742200 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2016.08.011
    Matched MeSH terms: Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/microbiology; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/microbiology
  7. Soheili S, Ghafourian S, Sekawi Z, Neela V, Sadeghifard N, Ramli R, et al.
    ScientificWorldJournal, 2014;2014:623174.
    PMID: 25147855 DOI: 10.1155/2014/623174
    Enterococcus, a Gram-positive facultative anaerobic cocci belonging to the lactic acid bacteria of the phylum Firmicutes, is known to be able to resist a wide range of hostile conditions such as different pH levels, high concentration of NaCl (6.5%), and the extended temperatures between 5(°)C and 65(°)C. Despite being the third most common nosocomial pathogen, our understanding on its virulence factors is still poorly understood. The current study was aimed to determine the prevalence of different virulence genes in Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium. For this purpose, 79 clinical isolates of Malaysian enterococci were evaluated for the presence of virulence genes. pilB, fms8, efaAfm, and sgrA genes are prevalent in all clinical isolates. In conclusion, the pathogenicity of E. faecalis and E. faecium could be associated with different virulence factors and these genes are widely distributed among the enterococcal species.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/microbiology*
  8. Thomas R, Hamat RA, Neela V
    Virulence, 2014 Feb 15;5(2):326-30.
    PMID: 24448556 DOI: 10.4161/viru.27724
    Matched MeSH terms: Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/microbiology*
  9. Capeding MR, Chua MN, Hadinegoro SR, Hussain II, Nallusamy R, Pitisuttithum P, et al.
    PLoS Negl Trop Dis, 2013;7(7):e2331.
    PMID: 23936565 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002331
    Common causes of acute febrile illness in tropical countries have similar symptoms, which often mimic those of dengue. Accurate clinical diagnosis can be difficult without laboratory confirmation and disease burden is generally under-reported. Accurate, population-based, laboratory-confirmed incidence data on dengue and other causes of acute fever in dengue-endemic Asian countries are needed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Bacterial Infections/microbiology
  10. Karunakaran R, Raja NS, Ng KP, Navaratnam P
    J Microbiol Immunol Infect, 2007 Oct;40(5):432-7.
    PMID: 17932604
    Bloodstream infections are an important cause of morbidity and mortality among hospitalized patients and the surveillance of etiological agents in these infections is important for their prevention and treatment. Data on common organisms isolated from blood cultures from Malaysia are limited, and our aim was to identify the common bloodstream isolates in hospitalized patients at the University of Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Bacterial Infections/microbiology*
  11. Knebel U, Sloot N, Eikenberg M, Borsdorf H, Höffler U, Riemann JF
    Med. Klin. (Munich), 2001 Feb 15;96(2):109-13.
    PMID: 11253281
    BACKGROUND: Plesiomonas shigelloides is a common pathogen in tropical regions, whereas it is rarely isolated in temperate climates. It is most often found in surface water and fish. During the last 10 years it was found to cause gastroenteritis 6 times in Ludwigshafen. Not all of these patients reported a trip to foreign countries.

    CASE REPORT: A 54-year-old male patient was hospitalized after a trip to Malaysia with strong greenish watery diarrhea and chills. On physical examination we saw a dehydrated patient in severely reduced general condition. The stool frequency was 30/d. The laboratory examinations only showed elevated parameters of inflammation. Plesiomonas shigelloides was cultivated in the stool cultures. With appropriate substitution of fluid and electrolytes, and antidiarrheal therapy the patient resumed a normal diet without any complications. Three days later his bowel movements were normal and his general condition was greatly improved. We withheld antibiotic therapy because of the noncomplicated course of illness.

    CONCLUSION: In Germany infections with Plesiomonas shigelloides are rare, an increase is observed because of increasing tourism to tropical regions. The course of infection is sometimes asymptomatic, but usually patients develop an acute gastroenteritis. Especially immunocompromised patients can show serious courses of infection. Plesiomonas shigelloides should be included in the differential diagnosis of acute gastroenteritis after journeys to tropical regions. Some of our patients, however, denied traveling to tropical regions. They also denied consuming seafood, which indicates a risk of infection in Germany. Still an infection with Plesiomonas shigelloides seems to be rare in northern European countries.

    Matched MeSH terms: Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/microbiology*
  12. Lim VKE
    Med J Malaysia, 2003 Jun;58(2):156-8.
    PMID: 14569734 MyJurnal
    Matched MeSH terms: Bacterial Infections/microbiology*
  13. Salasawati H, Ramelah M, Pitt TL, Holmes B
    PMID: 10772579
    The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the usefulness of a co-agglutination procedure for the typing of Flavobacterium meningosepticum. The sensitivity and specificity of the co-agglutination test was compared to the slide agglutination test using reference strains of the bacterial species. Antisera were characterized by both technics to determine their titer and working dilution. The specificity of the sera was assessed by performing tests which include strains of other species and serotypes. A collection of 47 strains of F. meningosepticum isolated from clinical specimens were typed by both co-agglutination and slide agglutination methods. Co-agglutination proved to be markedly more specific than the slide procedure although both methods were similar in sensitivity. It was concluded that co-agglutination proved to be an excellent method for the serotyping of F. meningosepticum.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/microbiology
  14. Faisham WI, Nordin S, Aidura M
    Med J Malaysia, 2001 Jun;56(2):201-6.
    PMID: 11771081
    Sixty percent of open fracture wounds are contaminated at the time of injury. Despite that, the necessity for sequential multiple cultures and sensitivity studies for open fractures and their interpretation are still controversial. Predebridement, intraoperative, postoperative swabs and swabs in established infection for culture and sensitivity study were taken in 33 open tibial fractures over a 6 months period. 39.3% of predebridement swabs grew bacteria with the majority yielding gram-positive organism. None of the patients developed infection with similar organisms. 24.2% of the postoperative swabs grew bacteria, of which 75% were gram-negative. 50% of the patients with positive postoperative swabs developed infection. Thus, the role of sequential multiple cultures and sensitivity studies are not helpful in management of open fracture.
    Matched MeSH terms: Bacterial Infections/microbiology*
  15. Sinniah B, Rajeswari B, Johari S, Ramakrishnan K, Yusoff SW, Rohela M
    PMID: 7825021
    Matched MeSH terms: Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/microbiology*
  16. Lim NL, Wong YH, Boo NY, Kasim MS, Chor CY
    Med J Malaysia, 1995 Mar;50(1):59-63.
    PMID: 7752978
    A survey was conducted to determine the rate, outcome, and culture and sensitivity patterns of bacteraemic infections in a large Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). Over a nine-month period, 136 episodes of infection occurred in 132 (6.9%) out of 1926 admissions. Early onset infection accounted for 35 episodes (25.7%) and was associated with a higher mortality rate compared to late onset infection (45.7% vs 23.8%, p < 0.02). Very low birthweight (VLBW) infants had significantly higher rates of infection (19.4% vs 5.3%, p < 0.001) and mortality (45.2% vs 23.3%, p < 0.02) compared to bigger babies. Gram negative bacilli accounted for 25 early and 90 late isolates while gram positive organisms accounted for 10 early and 16 late isolates. The two main organisms (Acinetobacter and Klebsiella) showed a 69.0 to 85.3% resistance to aminoglycosides and 3rd generation cephalosporins. Ten of 13 isolates of Staphylococcus epidermidis and 3 of 4 Staphylococcus aureus were methicillin resistant. Multiply resistant infections were a major problem in this NICU and efforts to eradicate them needed to be intensified.
    Matched MeSH terms: Bacterial Infections/microbiology
  17. Mohamad N, Mustafa M, Amal MNA, Saad MZ, Md Yasin IS, Al-Saari N
    J Aquat Anim Health, 2019 06;31(2):154-167.
    PMID: 30653742 DOI: 10.1002/aah.10062
    This study investigated the environmental factors associated with the presence of Vibrionaceae in economically important cage-cultured tropical marine fishes: the Asian Seabass Lates calcarifer, snapper Lutjanus sp., and hybrid grouper Epinephelus sp. Fish sampling was conducted at monthly intervals between December 2016 and August 2017. The body weight and length of individual fish were measured, and the skin, eye, liver, and kidney were sampled for bacterial isolation and identification. Water physicochemical parameters during the sampling activities were determined, and the enumeration of total Vibrionaceae count was also conducted from water and sediment samples. Nine species of Vibrio were identified, including V. alginolyticus, V. diabolicus, V. harveyi, V. campbellii, V. parahaemolyticus, V. rotiferianus, V. furnissii, V. fluvialis, and V. vulnificus. Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae was also identified. A total of 73% of the isolated Vibrio belonged to the Harveyi clade, followed by the Vulnificus clade (5.5%) and Cholera clade (0.6%). Highest occurrence of Vibrio spp. and P. damselae subsp. damselae was found in hybrid grouper (72%), followed by Asian Seabass (48%) and snapper (36%). The associations of Vibrio spp. and P. damselae subsp. damselae with the host fish were not species specific. However, fish mortality and fish size showed strong associations with the presence of some Vibrio spp. On average, 60% of the infected cultured fish exhibited at least one clinical sign. Nevertheless, inconsistent associations were observed between the pathogens and water quality. The yearlong occurrence and abundance of Vibrionaceae in the environmental components indicate that they might serve as reservoirs of these pathogens.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/microbiology
  18. Pierce J, Apisarnthanarak A, Schellack N, Cornistein W, Maani AA, Adnan S, et al.
    Int J Infect Dis, 2020 Jul;96:621-629.
    PMID: 32505875 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.05.126
    Antimicrobial resistance is a global public health crisis. Antimicrobial Stewardship involves adopting systematic measures to optimize antimicrobial use, decrease unnecessary antimicrobial exposure and to decrease the emergence and spread of resistance. Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) face a disproportionate burden of antimicrobial resistance and also face challenges related to resource availability. Although challenges exist, the World Health Organization has created a practical toolkit for developing Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs (ASPs) that will be summarized in this article.
    Matched MeSH terms: Bacterial Infections/microbiology
  19. Monir MS, Yusoff MSM, Zulperi ZM, Hassim HA, Zamri-Saad M, Amal MNA, et al.
    Fish Shellfish Immunol, 2021 Jun;113:162-175.
    PMID: 33857622 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.04.006
    Streptococcosis and motile aeromonad septicemia (MAS) are well-known diseases in tilapia culture, which cause mass mortality with significant economic losses. The development of feed-based bivalent vaccines in controlling these diseases has been initiated, however, the mechanisms of immunities and cross-protection in fish remain unclear. This study was conducted to assess the immuno-protective as well as the cross-protective efficacy of a newly developed feed-based bivalent vaccine against Streptococcus and Aeromonas infections in red hybrid tilapia. A total of five groups of fish were vaccinated orally through two different techniques; bivalent vaccine (inactivated Streptococcus iniae and Aeromonas hydrophila) sprayed on feed pellets (BS group); bivalent vaccine (inactivated S. iniae and A. hydrophila) incorporated in feed (BI group); monovalent inactivated S. iniae and A. hydrophila vaccine separately incorporated into feed as monovalent S. iniae (MS group) and monovalent A. hydrophila (MA group); and control group (without vaccine). The feed-based vaccine was delivered orally at 5% of body weight for five consecutive days. The booster doses were given in the same manner on weeks 2 and 6. Serum and skin mucus samples were collected to assess the IgM responses using indirect ELISA. The first administration of the feed-based vaccine stimulated the IgM levels that lasted until week 3, while the second booster ensured that the IgM levels remained high for a period of 16 weeks in the BI, MS and MA groups. The BI group developed a strong and significantly (P 
    Matched MeSH terms: Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/microbiology
  20. Chung WY, Zhu Y, Mahamad Maifiah MH, Shivashekaregowda NKH, Wong EH, Abdul Rahim N
    J Antibiot (Tokyo), 2021 02;74(2):95-104.
    PMID: 32901119 DOI: 10.1038/s41429-020-00366-2
    Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) threatens the effective prevention and treatment of a wide range of infections. Governments around the world are beginning to devote effort for innovative treatment development to treat these resistant bacteria. Systems biology methods have been applied extensively to provide valuable insights into metabolic processes at system level. Genome-scale metabolic models serve as platforms for constraint-based computational techniques which aid in novel drug discovery. Tools for automated reconstruction of metabolic models have been developed to support system level metabolic analysis. We discuss features of such software platforms for potential users to best fit their purpose of research. In this work, we focus to review the development of genome-scale metabolic models of Gram-negative pathogens and also metabolic network approach for identification of antimicrobial drugs targets.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/microbiology*
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