Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 101 in total

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  1. Kow CS, Hasan SS
    Intensive Care Med, 2020 10;46(10):1956-1957.
    PMID: 32638046 DOI: 10.1007/s00134-020-06172-6
    Matched MeSH terms: Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology*
  2. Md Noh MSF
    J Neuroradiol, 2020 Sep;47(5):329-330.
    PMID: 32444286 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurad.2020.05.004
    Matched MeSH terms: Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology
  3. Jayaraj R, Kumarasamy C, Shetty SS, Ram M R, Shaw P
    J Infect, 2020 10;81(4):647-679.
    PMID: 32407756 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.05.011
    Matched MeSH terms: Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology*
  4. Ng KH, Kemp R
    J Zhejiang Univ Sci B, 2020 9 8;21(9):752-754.
    PMID: 32893533 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.B2000228
    The world is now plagued by a pandemic of unprecedented nature caused by a novel, emerging, and still poorly understood infectious disease, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) (Wu and McGoogan, 2020). In addition to the rapidly growing body of scientific and medical literature that is being published, extensive public reports and stories in both the traditional media and social media have served to generate fear, panic, stigmatization, and instances of xenophobia (Zarocostas, 2020).
    Matched MeSH terms: Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology
  5. Han H, Al-Ansi A, Chua BL, Tariq B, Radic A, Park SH
    Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2020 Sep 06;17(18).
    PMID: 32899942 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186485
    The tourism industry has been seriously suffering from the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) crisis ever since its outbreak. Given this pandemic situation, the major aim of this study is to develop a conceptual framework that clearly explains the US international tourists' post-pandemic travel behaviors by expanding the theory of planned behavior (TPB). By utilizing a quantitative process, the TPB was successfully broadened by incorporating the travelers' perceived knowledge of COVID-19, and it has been deepened by integrating the psychological risk. Our theoretical framework sufficiently accounted for the US tourists' post-pandemic travel intentions for safer international destinations. In addition, the perceived knowledge of COVID-19 contributed to boosting the prediction power for the intentions. The associations among the subjective norm, the attitude, and the intentions are under the significant influence of the tourists' psychological risks regarding international traveling. The comparative criticality of the subjective norm is found. Overall, the findings of this study considerably enhanced our understanding of US overseas tourists' post-pandemic travel decision-making processes and behaviors.
    Matched MeSH terms: Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology*
  6. Shakil MH, Munim ZH, Tasnia M, Sarowar S
    Sci Total Environ, 2020 Nov 25;745:141022.
    PMID: 32711074 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141022
    The current Coronavirus infection (COVID-19) outbreak has had a substantial impact on many aspects of general life. Although a number of studies have been published on the topic already, there has not been a critical review of studies on the impacts of COVID-19 by and on environmental factors. The current study fills this gap by presenting a critical analysis of 57 studies on the nexus between COVID-19 and the environment, published in nine journals up to May 2020. Majority of the studies in our sample are published in Science of the Total Environment (74%), and studies used mostly descriptive statistics and regression as research methods. We identified four underlying research clusters based on a systematic content analysis of the studies. The clusters are: (1) COVID-19 and environmental degradation, (2) COVID-19 and air pollution, (3) COVID-19 and climate/metrological factors and (4) COVID-19 and temperature. Besides a critical analysis of the studies in each cluster, we propose research questions to guide future research on the relationship between COVID-19 and the environment.
    Matched MeSH terms: Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology*
  7. Hor CP, Hussin N, Nalliah S, Ooi WT, Tang XY, Zachariah S, et al.
    J Infect, 2020 08;81(2):e117-e119.
    PMID: 32474031 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.05.058
    Matched MeSH terms: Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology*
  8. Pagliaro S, Sacchi S, Pacilli MG, Brambilla M, Lionetti F, Bettache K, et al.
    PLoS One, 2021;16(3):e0248334.
    PMID: 33690672 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248334
    The worldwide spread of a new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) since December 2019 has posed a severe threat to individuals' well-being. While the world at large is waiting that the released vaccines immunize most citizens, public health experts suggest that, in the meantime, it is only through behavior change that the spread of COVID-19 can be controlled. Importantly, the required behaviors are aimed not only at safeguarding one's own health. Instead, individuals are asked to adapt their behaviors to protect the community at large. This raises the question of which social concerns and moral principles make people willing to do so. We considered in 23 countries (N = 6948) individuals' willingness to engage in prescribed and discretionary behaviors, as well as country-level and individual-level factors that might drive such behavioral intentions. Results from multilevel multiple regressions, with country as the nesting variable, showed that publicized number of infections were not significantly related to individual intentions to comply with the prescribed measures and intentions to engage in discretionary prosocial behaviors. Instead, psychological differences in terms of trust in government, citizens, and in particular toward science predicted individuals' behavioral intentions across countries. The more people endorsed moral principles of fairness and care (vs. loyalty and authority), the more they were inclined to report trust in science, which, in turn, statistically predicted prescribed and discretionary behavioral intentions. Results have implications for the type of intervention and public communication strategies that should be most effective to induce the behavioral changes that are needed to control the COVID-19 outbreak.
    Matched MeSH terms: Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology
  9. Ong LK, Sivaneswaran L, Mohd Najib A, Devindran M, Say BL, Rohan MJ
    Med J Malaysia, 2020 07;75(4):400-402.
    PMID: 32724002
    In Malaysia, COVID-19 pandemic recorded considerable number of cases. Many hospitals have been converted into COVID-19 centres to manage these cases. The Penang General Hospital was designated as a hybrid hospital to manage both COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 cases. Consequently, services across specialties, including urology have been affected. Triage of referrals was necessary to ensure optimum patient care, thus we designed a triage system to address this situation. A record screening system of patients was also implemented to limit outpatient appointments. We share this early experience in managing urology patients during this pandemic.
    Matched MeSH terms: Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology*
  10. Ayittey FK, Ayittey MK, Chiwero NB, Kamasah JS, Dzuvor C
    J Med Virol, 2020 05;92(5):473-475.
    PMID: 32048740 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.25706
    Matched MeSH terms: Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology
  11. Che Mat NF, Edinur HA, Abdul Razab MKA, Safuan S
    J Travel Med, 2020 05 18;27(3).
    PMID: 32307549 DOI: 10.1093/jtm/taaa059
    Matched MeSH terms: Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology*
  12. Alsayed A, Sadir H, Kamil R, Sari H
    PMID: 32521641 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17114076
    The coronavirus COVID-19 has recently started to spread rapidly in Malaysia. The number of total infected cases has increased to 3662 on 05 April 2020, leading to the country being placed under lockdown. As the main public concern is whether the current situation will continue for the next few months, this study aims to predict the epidemic peak using the Susceptible-Exposed-Infectious-Recovered (SEIR) model, with incorporation of the mortality cases. The infection rate was estimated using the Genetic Algorithm (GA), while the Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) model was used to provide short-time forecasting of the number of infected cases. The results show that the estimated infection rate is 0.228 ± 0.013, while the basic reproductive number is 2.28 ± 0.13. The epidemic peak of COVID-19 in Malaysia could be reached on 26 July 2020, with an uncertain period of 30 days (12 July-11 August). Possible interventions by the government to reduce the infection rate by 25% over two or three months would delay the epidemic peak by 30 and 46 days, respectively. The forecasting results using the ANFIS model show a low Normalized Root Mean Square Error (NRMSE) of 0.041; a low Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) of 2.45%; and a high coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.9964. The results also show that an intervention has a great effect on delaying the epidemic peak and a longer intervention period would reduce the epidemic size at the peak. The study provides important information for public health providers and the government to control the COVID-19 epidemic.
    Matched MeSH terms: Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology*
  13. Low ZY, Yip AJW, Sharma A, Lal SK
    Virus Genes, 2021 Aug;57(4):307-317.
    PMID: 34061288 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-021-01846-9
    The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), a pneumonic disease caused by the SARS Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is the 7th Coronavirus to have successfully infected and caused an outbreak in humans. Genome comparisons have shown that previous isolates, the SARS-related coronavirus (SARSr-CoV), including the SARS-CoV are closely related, yet different in disease manifestation. Several explanations were suggested for the undetermined origin of SARS-CoV-2, in particular, bats, avian and Malayan pangolins as reservoir hosts, owing to the high genetic similarity. The general morphology and structure of all these viral isolates overlap with analogous disease symptoms such as fever, dry cough, fatigue, dyspnoea and headache, very similar to the current SARS-CoV-2. Chest CT scans for SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV reveal pulmonary lesions, bilateral ground-glass opacities, and segmental consolidation in the lungs, a common pathological trait. With greatly overlapping similarities among the previous coronavirus, the SARS-CoV, it becomes interesting to observe marked differences in disease severity of the SARS-CoV-2 thereby imparting it the ability to rapidly transmit, exhibit greater stability, bypass innate host defences, and increasingly adapt to their new host thereby resulting in the current pandemic. The most recent B.1.1.7, B.1.351 and P.1 variants of SARS-CoV-2, highlight the fact that changes in amino acids in the Spike protein can contribute to enhanced infection and transmission efficiency. This review covers a comparative analysis of previous coronavirus outbreaks and highlights the differences and similarities among different coronaviruses, including the most recent isolates that have evolved to become easily transmissible with higher replication efficiency in humans.
    Matched MeSH terms: Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology*
  14. Wiwanitkit V
    J Feline Med Surg, 2010 Apr;12(4):359; author reply 360.
    PMID: 20005142 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfms.2009.11.002
    Matched MeSH terms: Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology
  15. Al-Khannaq MN, Ng KT, Oong XY, Pang YK, Takebe Y, Chook JB, et al.
    Am J Trop Med Hyg, 2016 05 04;94(5):1058-64.
    PMID: 26928836 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.15-0810
    The human alphacoronaviruses HCoV-NL63 and HCoV-229E are commonly associated with upper respiratory tract infections (URTI). Information on their molecular epidemiology and evolutionary dynamics in the tropical region of southeast Asia however is limited. Here, we analyzed the phylogenetic, temporal distribution, population history, and clinical manifestations among patients infected with HCoV-NL63 and HCoV-229E. Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from 2,060 consenting adults presented with acute URTI symptoms in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, between 2012 and 2013. The presence of HCoV-NL63 and HCoV-229E was detected using multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The spike glycoprotein, nucleocapsid, and 1a genes were sequenced for phylogenetic reconstruction and Bayesian coalescent inference. A total of 68/2,060 (3.3%) subjects were positive for human alphacoronavirus; HCoV-NL63 and HCoV-229E were detected in 45 (2.2%) and 23 (1.1%) patients, respectively. A peak in the number of HCoV-NL63 infections was recorded between June and October 2012. Phylogenetic inference revealed that 62.8% of HCoV-NL63 infections belonged to genotype B, 37.2% was genotype C, while all HCoV-229E sequences were clustered within group 4. Molecular dating analysis indicated that the origin of HCoV-NL63 was dated to 1921, before it diverged into genotype A (1975), genotype B (1996), and genotype C (2003). The root of the HCoV-229E tree was dated to 1955, before it diverged into groups 1-4 between the 1970s and 1990s. The study described the seasonality, molecular diversity, and evolutionary dynamics of human alphacoronavirus infections in a tropical region.
    Matched MeSH terms: Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology*
  16. Shah AUM, Safri SNA, Thevadas R, Noordin NK, Rahman AA, Sekawi Z, et al.
    Int J Infect Dis, 2020 Aug;97:108-116.
    PMID: 32497808 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.05.093
    BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a novel pneumonia disease originating in Wuhan, was confirmed by the World Health Organization on January 12, 2020 before becoming an outbreak in all countries.

    OUTBREAK SITUATION: A stringent screening process at all airports in Malaysia was enforced after the first case outside China was reported in Thailand. Up to April 14, 2020, Malaysia had reported two waves of COVID-19 cases, with the first wave ending successfully within less than 2 months. In early March 2020, the second wave occurred, with worrying situations.

    ACTIONS TAKEN: The Government of Malaysia enforced a Movement Control Order starting on March 18, 2020 to break the chain of COVID-19. The media actively spread the hashtag #stayhome. Non-governmental organizations, as well as prison inmates, started to produce personal protective equipment for frontliners. Various organizations hosted fundraising events to provide essentials mainly to hospitals. A provisional hospital was set up and collaborations with healthcare service providers were granted, while additional laboratories were assigned to enhance the capabilities of the Ministry of Health.

    ECONOMIC DOWNTURN: An initial financial stimulus amounting to RM 20.0 billion was released in February 2020, before the highlighted PRIHATIN Package, amounting to RM 250 billion, was announced. The PRIHATIN Package has provided governmental support to society, covering people of various backgrounds from students and families to business owners.

    Matched MeSH terms: Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology
  17. Sam IC, Chong J, Kamarudin R, Jafar FL, Lee LM, Bador MK, et al.
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 2020 08 01;114(8):553-555.
    PMID: 32497211 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/traa037
    Matched MeSH terms: Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology*
  18. Mohamed K, Rodríguez-Román E, Rahmani F, Zhang H, Ivanovska M, Makka SA, et al.
    Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol, 2020 Oct;41(10):1245-1246.
    PMID: 32319878 DOI: 10.1017/ice.2020.162
    Matched MeSH terms: Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology
  19. Ogliari G, Lunt E, Ong T, Marshall L, Sahota O
    Arch Osteoporos, 2020 10 07;15(1):156.
    PMID: 33026586 DOI: 10.1007/s11657-020-00825-1
    We investigated whether osteoporotic fractures declined during lockdown, among adults aged 50 years and older. We showed that fewer outpatients attended the Fracture Clinic, for non-hip fractures, during lockdown; in contrast, no change in admissions for hip fractures was observed. This could be due to fewer outdoors falls, during lockdown.

    PURPOSE: Many countries implemented a lockdown to control the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. We explored whether outpatient attendances to the Fracture Clinic for non-hip fragility fracture and inpatient admissions for hip fracture declined during lockdown, among adults aged 50 years and older, in a large secondary care hospital.

    METHODS: In our observational study, we analysed the records of 6681 outpatients attending the Fracture Clinic, for non-hip fragility fractures, and those of 1752 inpatients, admitted for hip fracture, during the time frames of interest. These were weeks 1st to 12th in 2020 ("prior to lockdown"), weeks 13th to 19th in 2020 ("lockdown") and corresponding periods over 2015 to 2019. We tested for differences in mean numbers (standard deviation (SD)) of outpatients and inpatients, respectively, per week, during the time frames of interest, across the years.

    RESULTS: Prior to lockdown, in 2020, 63.1 (SD 12.6) outpatients per week attended the Fracture Clinic, similar to previous years (p value 0.338). During lockdown, 26.0 (SD 7.3) outpatients per week attended the Fracture Clinic, fewer than previous years (p value < 0.001); similar findings were observed in both sexes and age groups (all p values < 0.001). During lockdown, 16.1 (SD 5.6) inpatients per week were admitted for hip fracture, similar to previous years (p value 0.776).

    CONCLUSION: During lockdown, fewer outpatients attended the Fracture Clinic, for non-hip fragility fractures, while no change in inpatient admissions for hip fracture was observed. This could reflect fewer non-hip fractures and may inform allocation of resources during pandemic.

    Matched MeSH terms: Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology*
  20. Rabby MII, Hossain F, Akter F, Rhythm RK, Mahbub T, Huda SN
    Can J Public Health, 2020 10;111(5):660-662.
    PMID: 32876931 DOI: 10.17269/s41997-020-00402-6
    Matched MeSH terms: Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology*
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