Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 121 in total

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  1. Wkly. Epidemiol. Rec., 1998 Jun 12;73(24):182-3.
    PMID: 9652206
    Matched MeSH terms: Dengue/diagnosis; Severe Dengue/diagnosis
  2. Choi JR, Hu J, Wang S, Yang H, Wan Abas WA, Pingguan-Murphy B, et al.
    Crit Rev Biotechnol, 2017 Feb;37(1):100-111.
    PMID: 26912259
    Dengue endemic is a serious healthcare concern in tropical and subtropical countries. Although well-established laboratory tests can provide early diagnosis of acute dengue infections, access to these tests is limited in developing countries, presenting an urgent need to develop simple, rapid, and robust diagnostic tools. Point-of-care (POC) devices, particularly paper-based POC devices, are typically rapid, cost-effective and user-friendly, and they can be used as diagnostic tools for the prompt diagnosis of dengue at POC settings. Here, we review the importance of rapid dengue diagnosis, current dengue diagnostic methods, and the development of paper-based POC devices for diagnosis of dengue infections at the POC.
    Matched MeSH terms: Dengue/diagnosis*
  3. Low GK, Looi SY, Yong MH, Sharma D
    J Vector Borne Dis, 2018 10 4;55(2):79-88.
    PMID: 30280705 DOI: 10.4103/0972-9062.242568
    Diagnosing severe dengue from those who do not develop complication is important to prevent death. The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the diagnostic test accuracy of ultrasonography in differentiating severe dengue from nonsevere dengue; and to assess if ultrasonography/ultrasound can be used as a predictive (screening) and diagnostic tool in the course of dengue infection. An electronic search was conducted in different databases via OvidSP platform. The included studies were cohort studies between 1995 and 2016 wherein cases were confirmed by dengue blood test. Severity of dengue was assessed and compared using standard WHO references. The methodological quality of the paper was assessed by two independent reviewers by using QUADAS-2 tool. In total 12 studies were included in this review after suitable screening. Overall, the studies included had a low and unclear risk of bias. Seven out of nine studies that compared severe dengue and nonsevere dengue, performed an ultrasonography on gallbladder (wall thickness cutoff-3 mm) with a sensitivity of 24.2-100% and a specificity of 13.2-98.7%. Other parameters such as splenic subcapsular fluid collection, pericardial fluid and hepatic subcapsular fluid collection had a specificity of >90%, though the sensitivity was poor. There were insufficient evidence that ultrasonography is able to differentiate severe dengue from nonsevere dengue accurately. The predictive and diagnostic value of ultrasonography could not be concluded due to insufficient reporting on the temporality of the ultrasonography performed with regard to the diagnosis. However, it might serve as an adjunct investigation to support the clinical diagnosis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Severe Dengue/diagnosis*
  4. Rathakrishnan A, Sekaran SD
    Expert Opin Med Diagn, 2013 Jan;7(1):99-112.
    PMID: 23530846 DOI: 10.1517/17530059.2012.718759
    Dengue is of major concern around the world. Having no pathognomonic features that reliably distinguish it from other febrile illnesses, laboratory diagnosis is important for confirmation. Ideally, a dengue diagnostic test should be sensitive, specific and applicable from the onset of disease to 10 days post-infection.
    Matched MeSH terms: Dengue/diagnosis*
  5. George R
    PMID: 3324361
    The historical background, epidemiology and changing pattern of clinical disease as seen in Malaysia is reviewed. The preliminary results of the longitudinal study of epidemiology of dengue in Malaysia is also presented. Studies led by Rudnick et al. over some 18 years have established that the disease is endemically transmitted by both Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus causing illnesses ranging from mild febrile episodes through classical dengue fever, dengue haemorrhagic fever and the dengue shock syndrome. The first epidemic occurred in 1962 in Penang, and the second major epidemic in 1974 in Selangor. From then on epidemics seem to occur every 4 years, i.e. 1978, and then in 1982. With increasing number of cases being seen from the end of 1985 and in 1986, and with the increasing numbers of positive virus isolates, another epidemic may occur this year. Though in the early years, mainly children were affected, recently more cases are being seen in 16-30 years age group. There is also a changing pattern in the clinical presentation of the cases. The clinician has to be aware of the various modes of presentation of this sinister disease. A high index of suspicion is needed for early diagnosis, as management is mainly symptomatic and there is no specific drug as yet to combat the shock and bleeding manifestations.
    Matched MeSH terms: Dengue/diagnosis
  6. Shaiful Ehsan SM, Iskandar FO, Mohd Ashraf AR
    Med J Malaysia, 2019 08;74(4):347-348.
    PMID: 31424049
    Varicella zoster infection is one of the self-limiting viral infections during childhood and dengue fever is an endemic infection in Malaysia, which commonly occurs in the form of nonspecific febrile illness at the initial stage. It is rare for the two viral infections to occur simultaneously. A case of dengue fever without warning sign in a five-year old girl was reported, with early symptoms of fever and vesicular rashes. She was clinically diagnosed with varicella zoster infection during the first visit. Surprisingly, she remained febrile even on day six of illness despite no new vesicular lesions on her skin. Due to suspicion of another infection, follow-up investigation was done and revealed isolated thrombocytopenia. This finding was confirmed with positive NS1Ag. A case of rare dengue fever concomitant with varicella zoster infection was reported.
    Matched MeSH terms: Dengue/diagnosis*
  7. Low GKK, Kagize J, Faull KJ, Azahar A
    Trop Med Int Health, 2019 10;24(10):1169-1197.
    PMID: 31373098 DOI: 10.1111/tmi.13294
    OBJECTIVE: To review the diagnostic test accuracy and predictive value of statistical models in differentiating the severity of dengue infection.

    METHODS: Electronic searches were conducted in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE (complete), PubMed and Scopus. Eligible studies to be included in this review were cohort studies with participants confirmed by laboratory test for dengue infection and comparison among the different severity of dengue infection by using statistical models. The methodological quality of the paper was assessed by independent reviewers using QUADAS-2.

    RESULTS: Twenty-six studies published from 1994 to 2017 were included. Most diagnostic models produced an accuracy of 75% to 80% except one with 86%. Two models predicting severe dengue according to the WHO 2009 classification have 86% accuracy. Both of these logistic regression models were applied during the first three days of illness, and their sensitivity and specificity were 91-100% and 79.3-86%, respectively. Another model which evaluated the 30-day mortality of dengue infection had an accuracy of 98.5%.

    CONCLUSION: Although there are several potential predictive or diagnostic models for dengue infection, their limitations could affect their validity. It is recommended that these models be revalidated in other clinical settings and their methods be improved and standardised in future.

    Matched MeSH terms: Dengue/diagnosis*
  8. Parkash O, Shueb RH
    Viruses, 2015 Oct 19;7(10):5410-27.
    PMID: 26492265 DOI: 10.3390/v7102877
    Dengue is an arthropod-borne viral disease caused by four antigenically different serotypes of dengue virus. This disease is considered as a major public health concern around the world. Currently, there is no licensed vaccine or antiviral drug available for the prevention and treatment of dengue disease. Moreover, clinical features of dengue are indistinguishable from other infectious diseases such as malaria, chikungunya, rickettsia and leptospira. Therefore, prompt and accurate laboratory diagnostic test is urgently required for disease confirmation and patient triage. The traditional diagnostic techniques for the dengue virus are viral detection in cell culture, serological testing, and RNA amplification using reverse transcriptase PCR. This paper discusses the conventional laboratory methods used for the diagnosis of dengue during the acute and convalescent phase and highlights the advantages and limitations of these routine laboratory tests. Subsequently, the biosensor based assays developed using various transducers for the detection of dengue are also reviewed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Dengue/diagnosis*
  9. Horstick O, Jaenisch T, Martinez E, Kroeger A, See LL, Farrar J, et al.
    Am J Trop Med Hyg, 2014 Sep;91(3):621-34.
    PMID: 24957540 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.13-0676
    The 1997 and 2009 WHO dengue case classifications were compared in a systematic review with 12 eligible studies (4 prospective). Ten expert opinion articles were used for discussion. For the 2009 WHO classification studies show: when determining severe dengue sensitivity ranges between 59-98% (88%/98%: prospective studies), specificity between 41-99% (99%: prospective study) - comparing the 1997 WHO classification: sensitivity 24.8-89.9% (24.8%/74%: prospective studies), specificity: 25%/100% (100%: prospective study). The application of the 2009 WHO classification is easy, however for (non-severe) dengue there may be a risk of monitoring increased case numbers. Warning signs validation studies are needed. For epidemiological/pathogenesis research use of the 2009 WHO classification, opinion papers show that ease of application, increased sensitivity (severe dengue) and international comparability are advantageous; 3 severe dengue criteria (severe plasma leakage, severe bleeding, severe organ manifestation) are useful research endpoints. The 2009 WHO classification has clear advantages for clinical use, use in epidemiology is promising and research use may at least not be a disadvantage.
    Matched MeSH terms: Dengue/diagnosis; Severe Dengue/diagnosis
  10. Zakaria Z, Zainordin NA, Sim BL, Zaid M, Haridan US, Aziz AT, et al.
    J Infect Dev Ctries, 2014 Jul;8(7):869-75.
    PMID: 25022297 DOI: 10.3855/jidc.4283
    INTRODUCTION: The latest revised version of the World Health Organization's dengue classification was released in 2009. A handful of studies have taken initiatives to evaluate the old and revised guidelines to determine early signs and symptoms of severe dengue. This retrospective study aimed to compare the classification of dengue using both the 1997 and 2009 guidelines in a selected cohort of dengue patients from Peninsular Malaysia between 2008 and 2012.
    METHODOLOGY: Adult dengue patients were recruited from tertiary hospitals in two different states, Selangor and Kelantan, in Peninsular Malaysia. Their clinical manifestations were assessed.
    RESULTS: A total of 281 confirmed dengue patients were enrolled; the mean duration of illness at admission was five days. Of these, 88.6%, 10.7%, and 0.7% were classified according to the 1997 guidelines as having dengue fever (DF), dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), and dengue shock syndrome (DSS), respectively. When the WHO 2009 guidelines were applied, 17.1%, 78.3%, and 4.6% were classified as dengue without warning signs, dengue with warning signs, and severe dengue, respectively.
    CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggests that the revised WHO 2009 guidelines stratify a much larger proportion of patients into a category that requires a higher level of medical and nursing care.
    Matched MeSH terms: Dengue/diagnosis*; Severe Dengue/diagnosis
  11. Faisal T, Taib MN, Ibrahim F
    Med Biol Eng Comput, 2010 Mar;48(3):293-301.
    PMID: 20016950 DOI: 10.1007/s11517-009-0561-x
    Even though the World Health Organization criteria's for classifying the dengue infection have been used for long time, recent studies declare that several difficulties have been faced by the clinicians to apply these criteria. Accordingly, many studies have proposed modified criteria to identify the risk in dengue patients based on statistical analysis techniques. None of these studies utilized the powerfulness of the self-organized map (SOM) in visualizing, understanding, and exploring the complexity in multivariable data. Therefore, this study utilized the clustering of the SOM technique to identify the risk criteria in 195 dengue patients. The new risk criteria were defined as: platelet count less than or equal 40,000 cells per mm(3), hematocrit concentration great than or equal 25% and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) rose by fivefold the normal upper limit for AST/alanine aminotransfansferase (ALT) rose by fivefold the normal upper limit for ALT. The clusters analysis indicated that any dengue patient fulfills any two of the risk criteria is consider as high risk dengue patient.
    Matched MeSH terms: Dengue/diagnosis; Severe Dengue/diagnosis*
  12. Bandyopadhyay S, Lum LC, Kroeger A
    Trop Med Int Health, 2006 Aug;11(8):1238-55.
    PMID: 16903887 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2006.01678.x
    BACKGROUND: The current World Health Organisation (WHO) classification of dengue includes two distinct entities: dengue fever (DF) and dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF)/dengue shock syndrome; it is largely based on pediatric cases in Southeast Asia. Dengue has extended to different tropical areas and older age groups. Variations from the original description of dengue manifestations are being reported.
    OBJECTIVES: To analyse the experience of clinicians in using the dengue case classification and identify challenges in applying the criteria in routine clinical practice.
    METHOD: Systematic literature review of post-1975 English-language publications on dengue classification.
    RESULTS: Thirty-seven papers were reviewed. Several studies had strictly applied all four WHO criteria in DHF cases; however, most clinicians reported difficulties in meeting all four criteria and used a modified classification. The positive tourniquet test representing the minimum requirement of a haemorrhagic manifestation did not distinguish between DHF and DF. In cases of DHF thrombocytopenia was observed in 8.6-96%, plasma leakage in 6-95% and haemorrhagic manifestations in 22-93%. The low sensitivity of classifying DHF could be due to failure to repeat the tests or physical examinations at the appropriate time, early intravenous fluid therapy, and lack of adequate resources in an epidemic situation and perhaps a considerable overlap of clinical manifestations in the different dengue entities.
    CONCLUSION: A prospective multi-centre study across dengue endemic regions, age groups and the health care system is required which describes the clinical presentation of dengue including simple laboratory parameters in order to review and if necessary modify the current dengue classification.
    Matched MeSH terms: Dengue/diagnosis; Severe Dengue/diagnosis
  13. Khalil SF, Mohktar MS, Ibrahim F
    Sensors (Basel), 2016 Jun 18;16(6).
    PMID: 27322285 DOI: 10.3390/s16060911
    Real-time monitoring and precise diagnosis of the severity of Dengue infection is needed for better decisions in disease management. The aim of this study is to use the Bioimpedance Vector Analysis (BIVA) method to differentiate between healthy subjects and severe and non-severe Dengue-infected patients. Bioimpedance was measured using a 50 KHz single-frequency bioimpedance analyzer. Data from 299 healthy subjects (124 males and 175 females) and 205 serologically confirmed Dengue patients (123 males and 82 females) were analyzed in this study. The obtained results show that the BIVA method was able to assess and classify the body fluid and cell mass condition between the healthy subjects and the Dengue-infected patients. The bioimpedance mean vectors (95% confidence ellipse) for healthy subjects, severe and non-severe Dengue-infected patients were illustrated. The vector is significantly shortened from healthy subjects to Dengue patients; for both genders the p-value is less than 0.0001. The mean vector of severe Dengue patients is significantly shortened compare to non-severe patients with a p-value of 0.0037 and 0.0023 for males and females, respectively. This study confirms that the BIVA method is a valid method in differentiating the healthy, severe and non-severe Dengue-infected subjects. All tests performed had a significance level with a p-value less than 0.05.
    Matched MeSH terms: Severe Dengue/diagnosis*
  14. Aeinehvand MM, Ibrahim F, Harun SW, Djordjevic I, Hosseini S, Rothan HA, et al.
    Biosens Bioelectron, 2015 May 15;67:424-30.
    PMID: 25220800 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2014.08.076
    Dengue is the current leading cause of death among children in several Latin American and Asian countries. Due to poverty in areas where the disease is prevalent and the high cost of conventional diagnostic systems, low cost devices are needed to reduce the burden caused by dengue infection. Centrifugal microfluidic platforms are an alternative solution to reduce costs and increase the availability of a rapid diagnostic system. The rate of chemical reactions in such devices often depends on the efficiency of the mixing techniques employed in their microfluidic networks. This paper introduces a micromixer that operates by the expansion and contraction of a microballoon to produce a consistent periodical 3D reciprocating flow. We established that microballoons reduced mixing time of 12 μl liquids from 170 min, for diffusional mixing, to less than 23 s. We have also tested the effect of the microballoon mixers on the detection of the dengue virus. The results indicate that employing a microballoon mixer enhances the detection sensitivity of the dengue virus by nearly one order of magnitude compared to the conventional ELISA method.
    Matched MeSH terms: Dengue/diagnosis
  15. Nayar SK, Noridah O, Paranthaman V, Ranjit K, Norizah I, Chem YK, et al.
    Med J Malaysia, 2007 Oct;62(4):335-6.
    PMID: 18551940 MyJurnal
    During an outbreak of chikungunya in a dengue hyperendemic area within the Kinta district of Perak, two patients with acute febrile illness were laboratory confirmed to have co-infection of both dengue and chikungunya viruses in their blood. The concomitant presence of two types of viruses transmitted by the same vector in a susceptible population contributed to the resultant event. A good understanding of virus vector ecology in association with population dynamics and wider application of improved laboratory techniques by using different cell-lines suited for optimal replication of each type of virus and the correct utilization of powerful molecular techniques will enhance accurate diagnosis of these infectious diseases.
    Matched MeSH terms: Dengue/diagnosis*
  16. Ahmad R, Abdul Latiff AK, Abdul Razak S
    PMID: 18613550
    We describe a 5-year-old girl who had sudden onset difficulty in walking after 3 days of febrile illness. In the emergency department her creatine kinase level was elevated but urine myoglobin was normal. She was diagnosed as having benign acute childhood myositis. Because of poor oral intake and dehydration, she was admitted to the pediatric ward. The next day she had a petechial rash over the antecubital fossa, and dengue IgM back was positive. She was treated conservatively and recovered uneventfully. Despite dengue fever being endemic in Malaysia, this is the first case report of myositis following dengue infection in Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Dengue/diagnosis
  17. Chin PS, Khoo AP, Asmah Hani AW, Chem YK, Norizah I, Chua KB
    Med J Malaysia, 2008 Aug;63(3):265-6.
    PMID: 19248708 MyJurnal
    We report a newborn baby girl with acute dengue due to vertical transmission. A 31 year old factory worker of 38+ week gestation, gravida 5 para 3+1, developed acute dengue fever two days prior to delivery. She delivered a normal term baby girl by spontaneous vaginal delivery and recovered uneventfully without peripartum haemorrhage despite the presence of thrombocytopenia. The baby girl developed low grade fever on day four of post-natal life and except for the transient thrombocytopenia, also recovered uneventfully following three days of mild illness. The clinical diagnosis of acute dengue virus infection was confirmed by laboratory tests.
    Matched MeSH terms: Dengue/diagnosis*
  18. Lau YL, Lai MY, Teoh BT, Abd-Jamil J, Johari J, Sam SS, et al.
    PLoS One, 2015;10(9):e0138694.
    PMID: 26384248 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0138694
    Dengue is usually diagnosed by isolation of the virus, serology or molecular diagnostic methods. Several commercial kits for the diagnosis of dengue are existing, but concerns have arisen regarding to the affordability and performance characteristics of these kits. Hence, the loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) is potentially ideal to be used especially in resource limited environments. Serum was collected from healthy donors and patients diagnosed with dengue infection. RNA extracted from the serum samples were tested by reverse-transcription-LAMP assay developed based on 3'-NCR gene sequences for DENV 1-4. Results were interpreted by a turbidity meter in real time or visually at the end of the assay. Sensitivity and specificity of RT-LAMP results were calculated and compared to qRT-PCR and ELISA. RT-LAMP is highly sensitive with the detection limit of 10 RNA copies for all serotypes. Dengue virus RNA was detected in all positive samples using RT-LAMP and none of the negative samples within 30-45 minutes. With continuing efforts in the optimization of this assay, RT-LAMP may provide a simple and reliable test for detecting DENV in areas where dengue is prevalent.
    Matched MeSH terms: Dengue/diagnosis*
  19. Alice V, Cheong BM
    Med J Malaysia, 2016 02;71(1):41-3.
    PMID: 27130747
    A previously well 13-year-old boy presented with a short history of fever and altered mental status. His mother was admitted for dengue fever and there had been a recent dengue outbreak in their neighbourhood. He was diagnosed with dengue encephalitis as both his dengue non-structural protein 1 (NS-1) antigen and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) dengue polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were positive. He did not have haemoconcentration, thrombocytopenia or any warning signs associated with severe dengue. He recovered fully with supportive treatment. This case highlights the importance of considering the diagnosis of dengue encephalitis in patients from dengue endemic areas presenting with an acute febrile illness and neurological symptoms.
    Matched MeSH terms: Dengue/diagnosis
  20. Gherardin T
    Aust Fam Physician, 2000 Mar;29(3):259.
    PMID: 10785992
    Shirley is a 42 year old woman who has rung you 5 days after returning from a 3 week resort holiday in Malaysia and Thailand. You saw her before her trip and administered a hepatitis A vaccine and advised her that she did not require anti malarial drugs as she was only going to large cities and beach resorts. She says she has had a high fever, headache and body aches for several days and that she feels exhausted, but is well enough to come to the surgery. When you see her later that morning, she looks fairly well, although she is moving rather gingerly. She says she has been resting, is drinking lots of fluids, has some anorexia, but no other significant symptoms. Examination reveals a temperature of 38 degrees C and she has a fine morbilliform rash on her body, limbs and neck. There are no other abnormal findings.
    Matched MeSH terms: Dengue/diagnosis*
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