Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 61 in total

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  1. Boey KPY, Zhu P, Tan H, Abdullah MAB, Tang KF, Li MM, et al.
    Transfus Med, 2022 Feb;32(1):82-87.
    PMID: 34862686 DOI: 10.1111/tme.12834
    OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of cryopreservation in post-thaw umbilical cord blood units for the survivability of Gram-positive bacteria strains.

    BACKGROUND: Microbial screening is required for all cord blood units (CBUs). Four gram-positive contaminants were documented to survive cryopreservation poorly and isolation of other contaminants were reported.

    METHODS: Forty-eight contaminated CBUs detected with either Staphylococcus epidermidis, Corynebacterium species, Peptostreptococcus or Streptococcus species before cryopreservation were used in this study. CBUs were processed, DMSO-infused and microbial screened before cryopreservation. Post-thaw microbial screening was achieved using 1 and 10 ml inoculants in BACTEC culture bottles. Positive bottles were subjected for microbial identification and results were compared with those from pre-freeze.

    RESULTS: A higher rate of microbial contamination was found using the 10 ml inoculant. Screening of 11 CBUs did not detect any contaminants while 30 CBUs screened detected more than one unknown contaminants and majority of contaminants were identified to be gram-negative species.

    CONCLUSION: A higher inoculation volume used at post-thaw for microbial screening improves contamination detection but leads to the loss of precious cord blood. Some contaminants did not survive cryopreservation or were not identified due to their low microbial levels. Contrasting contaminants found at post-thaw suggest the improvements made in detection and identification of contaminants over the years.

    Matched MeSH terms: Fetal Blood*
  2. Azmi AF, Yahya MAAM, Azhar NA, Ibrahim N, Ghafar NA, Ghani NAA, et al.
    Int J Mol Sci, 2023 Mar 17;24(6).
    PMID: 36982842 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065775
    Cord blood-platelet lysate (CB-PL), containing growth factors such as a platelet-derived growth factor, has a similar efficacy to peripheral blood-platelet lysate (PB-PL) in initiating cell growth and differentiation, which makes it a unique alternative to be implemented into oral ulceration healing. This research study aimed to compare the effectiveness of CB-PL and PB-PL in promoting oral wound closure in vitro. Alamar blue assay was used to determine the optimal concentration of CB-PL and PB-PL in enhancing the proliferation of human oral mucosal fibroblasts (HOMF). The percentage of wound closure was measured using the wound-healing assay for CB-PL and PB-PL at the optimal concentration of 1.25% and 0.3125%, respectively. The gene expressions of cell phenotypic makers (Col. I, Col. III, elastin and fibronectin) were determined via qRT-PCR. The concentrations of PDGF-BB were quantified using ELISA. We found that CB-PL was as effective as PB-PL in promoting wound-healing and both PL were more effective compared to the control (CTRL) group in accelerating the cell migration in the wound-healing assay. The gene expressions of Col. III and fibronectin were significantly higher in PB-PL compared to CB-PL. The PDGF-BB concentration of PB-PL was the highest and it decreased after the wound closed on day 3. Therefore, we concluded that PL from both sources can be a beneficial treatment for wound-healing, but PB-PL showed the most promising wound-healing properties in this study.
    Matched MeSH terms: Fetal Blood*
  3. Thiagarajah K, Wong CY, Vijayan VV, Ooi GC, Ng MT, Cheong SK, et al.
    Transfusion, 2015 May;55(5):1028-32.
    PMID: 25472857 DOI: 10.1111/trf.12950
    Processed umbilical cord blood (UCB) must be stored at cryogenic temperature at all times to maintain the quality and viability of the cells. However, a challenge is presented in the form of moving a large number of cryopreserved UCB samples to a new location. In this report, we share our experience on relocating more than 100,000 units of cryopreserved UCB samples stored in 12 liquid nitrogen freezers (LNFs) to our new laboratory.
    Matched MeSH terms: Fetal Blood*
  4. Chan L
    Malays J Pathol, 1995 Dec;17(2):87-9.
    PMID: 8935132
    The spectrophotometric method of Ellman was used to determine cholinesterase (ChE) levels in plasma and whole blood in elderly patients and umbilical cord blood of newborn infants. The mean +/- SD for plasma and whole blood ChE levels were 2.24 +/- 0.58 micromol/min/ml and 4.38 +/- 0.65 micromol/min/ml respectively in a group of healthy elderly patients (n = 25). The mean +/- SD for plasma and whole blood ChE levels were 2.23 +/- 0.77 and 3.31 +/- 0.56 respectively in cord blood of healthy full term newborn infants (n = 25). In a group of healthy adult blood donors the general mean +/- SD for plasma and whole blood ChE have been shown to be 2.71 +/- 0.75 and 4.87 +/- 0.73 micromol/min/ml respectively. Statistical analysis revealed that the mean levels of plasma and whole blood ChE in elderly, newborn infants and adults were different (p < 0.001). However, there was no statistical difference between the mean level of plasma ChE in elderly and cord blood but each shared statistically significant difference when compared to the mean level in adults. The mean activity of whole blood ChE in the 3 groups was different from one another. Theoretically, decreased levels of ChE would suggest a careful assessment of drugs that are hydrolysed by ChE.
    Matched MeSH terms: Fetal Blood/enzymology*
  5. Youssof AL, Kassim NL, Rashid SA, De Ley M, Rahman MT
    Biol Trace Elem Res, 2017 Jan;175(1):17-26.
    PMID: 27250493 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-016-0760-x
    At childbirth (parturition), zinc (Zn) homeostasis in cord blood (CB) can be affected by a number of factors: Zn in maternal blood, parturition related stress as well as metallothionein (MT). Both Zn and stress are known inducers of MT which is primarily involved in Zn homeostasis. This study analyzed Zn concentration [Zn], in CB components and MT-2A transcription in CB mononuclear cells (MNC) in relation to primiparous and multiparous childbirth. [Zn] in CB (n = 47) plasma, erythrocytes, and MNCs were measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry (λ = 213.9 nm). The MT-2A transcription in CB-MNC was quantified using real-time PCR. Significant correlations (Pearson r) were found between: plasma-[Zn] and erythrocyte-[Zn] (p = 0.002); [Zn] and MT-2A messenger RNA (mRNA) (p = 0.000) in CB-MNC. Student's t tests showed higher levels of MT-2A mRNA and MNC-[Zn] in CB of older (≥25 years) compared to younger mothers (≤24 years) (p = 0.043 and p = 0.016, respectively). Significantly higher [Zn] was found in CB plasma (p = 0.017) and MNC (p = 0.041) of older primiparous compared to the younger primiparous and older multiparous mothers respectively. MT-2A mRNA in CB-MNC was significantly lower in CB of younger primiparous mothers compared to their older counterparts (p = 0.001). Path analysis showed that MNC-[Zn] (β = 0.83; p = 0.000) had a greater influence on MT-2A mRNA expression, compared to parity (β = -0.14; p = 0.033). Higher [Zn] in CB of primiparous mothers could be linked to higher stress during parturition, however, might be beneficial for the growth and development of the child. Together MNC-[Zn] and parity contributed ~70 % of the MT-2A transcription in CB-MNC.
    Matched MeSH terms: Fetal Blood/metabolism*
  6. Raman S, Kuppuvelumani P, Menaka H
    Med J Malaysia, 1991 Mar;46(1):110-3.
    PMID: 1836033
    The relevant investigations and management of a case of alpha-thalassaemia major suspected antenatally is discussed. The value of ultrasonically guided cordocentesis in the definite diagnosis of this condition is emphasised in the management of this pregnancy. We believe that this is the first time such a procedure has been done in this country.
    Matched MeSH terms: Fetal Blood*
  7. George E, Mohandas N, Duraisamy G, Adeeb N, Zainuddin ZA, Teng MS, et al.
    Med J Malaysia, 1988 Dec;43(4):327-31.
    PMID: 3241598
    Matched MeSH terms: Fetal Blood/cytology*
  8. Mu Y, Tong J, Wang Y, Yang Y, Wu X
    Front Immunol, 2023;14:1213161.
    PMID: 37457710 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1213161
    Adoptive transfer of natural killer (NK) cells represents a viable treatment method for patients with advanced malignancies. Our team previously developed a simple, safe, and cost-effective method for obtaining high yields of pure and functional NK cells from cord blood (CB) without the need for cell sorting, feeder cells, or multiple cytokines. We present the case of a 52-year-old female patient diagnosed with poorly differentiated stage IVB (T3N2M1) endometrial cancer, who exhibited leukemoid reaction and pretreatment thrombocytosis as paraneoplastic syndromes. The patient received two courses of CB-derived NK (CB-NK) cell immunotherapy between March and September 2022, due to her extremely low NK cell activity. Two available CB units matched at 8/10 HLA with KIR-mismatch were chosen, and we were able to produce NK cells with high yield (>1.0×1010 NK cells), purity (>90%), and function (>80%) from CB without cell sorting, feeder cells, or multiple cytokines. These cells were then adoptively transferred to the patient. No adverse effects or graft-versus-host disease were observed after infusion of CB-NK cells. Our clinical experience supports the efficacy of CB-NK cell treatment in increasing NK cell activity, depleting tumor activity, improving quality of life, and reducing the size of abdominal and pelvic masses with the disappearance of multiple lymph node metastases through the regulation of systemic antitumor immunity. Remarkably, the white blood cell and platelet counts decreased to normal levels after CB-NK cell immunotherapy. This clinical work suggests that CB-NK cell immunotherapy holds promise as a therapeutic approach for endometrial cancer.
    Matched MeSH terms: Fetal Blood*
  9. Boo NY, Ainoon BO, Ooi LH, Cheong SK, Haliza BM
    J Paediatr Child Health, 1994 Jun;30(3):273-4.
    PMID: 8074916
    The cord blood glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) enzyme activity of 262 normal term Malaysian neonates (92 Malays, 96 Chinese and 74 Indians) was quantitatively determined by the World Health Organisation method. Analysis of variance for the levels of G6PD enzyme activity by ethnic origin and sex showed that there was a significant difference between mean levels of enzyme activity in the three ethnic groups (P = 0.03) but no difference between the sexes (P = 0.36). Multiple range analysis showed that Malays had significantly higher mean levels of G6PD enzyme activity than those of Chinese (P = 0.01). There was no significant difference between the mean levels of G6PD enzyme activity of Chinese and Indians (P = 0.52), nor was there any difference between those of Malays and Indians (P = 0.08). The difference in levels of G6PD enzyme activity among the different ethnic groups could be due to the existence of different G6PD variants.
    Matched MeSH terms: Fetal Blood/enzymology; Fetal Blood/chemistry*
  10. Tay SP, Cheong SK, Boo NY
    Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis, 2003 Feb;14(2):125-9.
    PMID: 12632021
    The investigation of many hemostatic defects in newborns is restricted by the lack of normal reference values. The coagulation system of the neonate differs in many ways from that of the adult. The present study was designed to compare the concentrations of tissue factor (TF), tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) and D-dimer (DD) in the umbilical cord blood of healthy newborns and in adult plasma. TF antigen was quantified using an in-house enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, whereas TFPI and DD levels were measured with commercial kits. The mean TF level in cord blood (mean standard deviation, 183.94 103.63 pg/ml) was significantly higher ( = 0.008) than that in adults (136.64 65.09 pg/ml). Cord blood exhibited enhanced fibrinolysis, as was reflected by a significantly higher level of DD (924.57 733.87 ng/ml, 0.001) than that in adults (45.57 17.21 ng/ml). Conversely, cord blood (30.88 10.16 ng/ml) demonstrated significantly lower ( 0.001) TFPI levels than that in adults (55.77 21.16 ng/ml). However, no significant differences of these three hemostatic markers were noted between both gender groups in newborns and adults. Our findings indicate that an active and dynamic state of hemostasis exists in cord blood, as the fluidity of cord blood remains preserved in the presence of birth injury.
    Matched MeSH terms: Fetal Blood/metabolism; Fetal Blood/chemistry*
  11. Swaminathan A, Abd Aziz NH, Ayub NA, Wong KK, Cheah FC
    BMC Res Notes, 2021 Nov 22;14(1):420.
    PMID: 34809696 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-021-05842-y
    OBJECTIVE: Pregnant women with bacterial vaginosis due to Gardnerella vaginalis (GV) infection presents with a wide-ranging disease symptomatology. We speculate this may be due to interaction that varies between host immune response and the pathogen. We studied the oxidative burst in polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL)s from maternal blood (MB) and cord blood (CB) upon phagocytosis of GV and compared against E. coli and Group B Streptococcus (GBS).

    RESULTS: The PHAGOBURST™ assay detects fluorescence from oxidized dihydrorhodamine during oxidative burst. The average percentage of PMNL showing oxidative burst was almost two-fold greater with GBS (99.5%) and E. coli (98.2%) than GV (56.9%) (p 

    Matched MeSH terms: Fetal Blood
  12. Tusimin M, Ahmed SME, Wei Lee K, Siew Mooi C, Md Noor S, Nordin N
    Croat Med J, 2021 Dec 31;62(6):590-597.
    PMID: 34981691
    AIM: To evaluate the effects of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) on the quantity and quality of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC).

    METHODS: In this case-control study, HSC were isolated from umbilical cord blood (UCB) procured at delivery from 63 mothers with GDM and 67 healthy mothers. Total nucleated cells (TNC) and CD34+ cells were quantified using BD FACSCalibur flow cytometer. The quantity and quality of stem cells were determined.

    RESULTS: The GDM group had lower total cord blood volume and lower number of nucleated HSC compared with healthy mothers. Regarding stem cell quantity parameters, they had significantly lower UCB volume (P=0.041), TNC count (P=0.022), total viable NC count (P=0.014), and CD34+ percentage (P=0.014). Regarding the quality of stem cells, they had significantly lower viable TNC percentage (P=0.015). The predictors for total TNC count were longer labor duration (adjusted B coefficient [p]: 0.031 [0.046]), greater estimated blood loss (0.089 [0.005]), female neonates (12.322 [0.049]), and higher placenta weight (0.080 [0.033]). The predictors of total viable NC count were greater estimated blood loss (0.092 [0.003]), female neonates (13.16 [0.035]), and greater placenta weight (0.083 [0.026]).

    CONCLUSION: The GDM group had much lower quantity and quality of UCB stem cells. Our results should be taken into consideration when drawing cord blood for unrelated stem cell banking in an obstetric unit to ensure the obtaining of optimal cord blood samples and to avoid unnecessary expenses.

    Matched MeSH terms: Fetal Blood
  13. Wahid FS, Nasaruddin MZ, Idris MR, Tusimin M, Tumian NR, Mahdy ZA
    J Obstet Gynaecol Res, 2012 Mar;38(3):490-7.
    PMID: 22381102 DOI: 10.1111/j.1447-0756.2011.01740.x
    To compare the numbers of cord blood CD34(+) hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) between preeclampsia (PE) and control (non-PE) subjects and to determine the factors that may influence this observation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Fetal Blood/cytology*
  14. Choong SN, Ng YK, Kamalan A, Saraswathy S, Goh EH, Lee MJ, et al.
    Med J Malaysia, 2008 Jul;63 Suppl A:55-6.
    PMID: 19024981
    This study evaluates the effect of maternal age, birth weight and infant sex on two main UCB parameters for use and long-term cryopreservation: TNC and volume. Data from 1000 UCB units were collected and analyzed in this study. The results indicate that TNC is correlated to infant birth weight and sex but not maternal age at delivery. Volume is only correlated to birth weight but not maternal age and infant sex.
    Matched MeSH terms: Fetal Blood*
  15. Yadav A, Naidu R
    Allergol Immunopathol (Madr), 2013 Nov-Dec;41(6):364-8.
    PMID: 23276420 DOI: 10.1016/j.aller.2012.08.007
    Cord IgE and ECP levels are major atopic markers implicated in early childhood allergy development. Most epidemiological studies to date have not utilised current technology to establish baseline cord IgE levels, further aggravated by lack of data in this region. This study also attempts to identify a relationship between cord IgE and ECP levels as a mean to improve sensitivity for early prediction of atopy.
    Matched MeSH terms: Fetal Blood/immunology*
  16. Chan LL, Lin HP
    J Trop Pediatr, 1999 Aug;45(4):243-5.
    PMID: 10467839
    A 25-month-old boy with beta-thalassaemia major was presented with an opportunity for umbilical cord blood transplantation when his unborn sibling was diagnosed in utero to be a beta-thalassaemia carrier and also human leucocyte antigen compatible. A barely adequate amount of cord blood was collected at the birth of his sibling and infused into the patient after appropriate chemo-conditioning. Engraftment occurred without major complications. The subject is now alive and well 9 months post-transplant, thus marking our first success in umbilical cord blood transplantation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Fetal Blood*
  17. Boo NY, Ainoon O, Arif ZA, Cheong SK, Haliza MS
    J Paediatr Child Health, 1995 Feb;31(1):44-6.
    PMID: 7748690
    OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to determine the degree of severity of enzyme deficiency in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)-deficient Malaysian neonates as part of an effort to identify risk factors associated with severe hyperbilirubinaemia in G6PD-deficient infants.

    METHODOLOGY: During this study, enzyme activity was measured in 53/59 (89.8%) hospital-diagnosed G6PD-deficient neonates (34 Malays, 12 Chinese, and seven other ethnic groups) born consecutively in the Kuala Lumpur Maternity Hospital. All neonates, except one, were males.

    RESULTS: The mean level of enzyme activity of the 52 males G6PD-deficient neonates (0.47 iu/g Hb, 95% confidence intervals: 0.37, 0.57) was less than 10% of that of normal Malaysian male neonates. The enzyme activity of the only female G6PD-deficient infant, at 1.11 iu/g Hb, was 12.5% of the mean G6PD enzyme activity of normal females.

    CONCLUSION: Our results showed that G6PD deficiency in Malaysian neonates predominantly affects males and is usually severe.

    Matched MeSH terms: Fetal Blood/enzymology
  18. Choo KE, Davis TM, Mansur MA, Azman E, Achana S
    J Paediatr Child Health, 1996 Oct;32(5):428-32.
    PMID: 8933405
    OBJECTIVE: Preliminary epidemiological data suggest that dyslipidaemia contributes significantly to rising mortality due to atherosclerosis in Peninsular Malays. The aim of this study was to determine whether abnormal serum lipid profiles are present at birth in this population.

    METHODOLOGY: The patients were 487 non-diabetic Malay women who had an uncomplicated antenatal course and delivered healthy singleton babies at term. Cord blood and maternal post-partum venous blood samples were taken for assay of serum cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations using standard enzymatic methods.

    RESULTS: Maternal total serum cholesterol concentrations (mean +/- SD; 7.5 +/- 2.5 mmol/L) were higher than in other reported series (range of published means 5.2-6.5 mmol/L) with a correspondingly low high-density lipoprotein (HDL): total cholesterol ratio. The mean cord blood total serum cholesterol (1.7 +/- 1.0 mmol/L) was consistent with previously reported population means (1.5-1.9 mmol/L) but there was a relatively high low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol and depressed HDL: cholesterol ratio. Significant correlations between maternal and neonatal serum total (P = 0.038) and especially HDL-cholesterol (P < 0.001) were observed. Maternal and cord blood serum triglyceride levels were comparable to those in other series.

    CONCLUSIONS: These cross-sectional data provide evidence that abnormal serum cholesterol profiles are found in pregnant Malay women and their neonates which may have implications for the prevalence of macrovascular disease in the Malay population.

    Matched MeSH terms: Fetal Blood/chemistry*
  19. Thavarasah AS, Lobo RM
    Biol Res Pregnancy Perinatol, 1987;8(2 2D Half):76-83.
    PMID: 3427139
    Maternal and fetal blood gas values were studied in 90 selected mothers of comparable age, weight, duration of pregnancy and hematocrit values undergoing cesarean section under balanced general anesthesia in four differing clinical situations: elective with and without placental dysfunction, and emergency with and without fetal distress in apparently normal mothers. Pre-induction (Fi O2 0.21) and pre-delivery (Fi O2 0.60) maternal blood gas analysis, along with umbilical cord blood gas analysis were performed in all cases. Apgar scoring was carried out at one minute and three minutes and correlated with the blood gas values. Out of the 90 cases studied, 36 neonates (40%) showed good apgar scores of greater than seven at one minute and three minutes and correlated well with maternal blood gas values which were within normal ranges. Of the remaining 54 cases (60%) with similar mean maternal gas values the neonates showed an apgar score of less than seven in the first minute. The score improved in three minutes in 35 of them (66%), and umbilical cord blood gas values showed a low pH (umbilical vein 7.22 +/- 0.02 units, umbilical arterial 7.21 +/- 0.01 units) but satisfactory pO2 (umbilical vein 39.4 +/- 1.9 torr, umbilical arterial 2.5 +/- 1.3 torr).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
    Matched MeSH terms: Fetal Blood/metabolism*
  20. Thomas V, Sinniah B, Yap PL
    PMID: 6996108
    A total of 736 sera collected from cord blood babies, children and adults of both sexes and of different age groups in Malaysia were tested using indirect fluorescent antibody technique for Toxoplasma antibodies. The RH strain of Toxoplasma gondii zoites were used as antigen. One hundred and twenty five sera which were reactive at 1:64 or high titres were tested with IgM specific conjugate. Results of the present studies showed that the prevalence of Toxoplasma antibody was highest among the Malays and lowest among children than among adults. The significance of Toxoplasma specific IgM was discussed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Fetal Blood/immunology
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