Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 61 in total

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  1. Medical libraries
    Malayan Medical Journal, 1928;3:169.
    Matched MeSH terms: Libraries
  2. Production cross-sections of radionuclides from α-induced reactions on natural copper up to 50MeV
    Usman AR, Khandaker MU, Haba H, Otuka N, Murakami M, Komori Y
    Appl Radiat Isot, 2016 08;114:104-13.
    PMID: 27227905 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2016.04.027
    The excitation functions were measured for the (nat)Cu(α,x)(66,67)Ga,(65)Zn,(57,58,60)Co reactions in the energy range of 16.5 -50MeV. A conventional stacked-foil activation technique combined with HPGe γ-ray spectrometry was employed to determine cross-sections. The measured cross-sections were critically compared with relevant previous experimental data and also with the evaluated data in the TENDL-2014 library. Present results confirmed some of the previous experimental data, whereas only a partial agreement was found with the evaluated data. The measured data are useful for reducing the existing discrepancies in the literature, to improve the nuclear reaction model codes, and to enrich the experimental database towards various applications.
    Matched MeSH terms: Libraries
  3. Fulltext Role of Nanotechnology in Dentistry: Systematic Review
    Moothedath M, Moothedath M, Jairaj A, Harshitha B, Baba SM, Khateeb SU
    J Int Soc Prev Community Dent, 2019 11 04;9(6):535-541.
    PMID: 32039072 DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.JISPCD_223_19
    Aim: This systematic review aimed to provide an overview of role of nanotechnology in dentistry and to evaluate its applicability in prevention and treatment of oral diseases.

    Materials and Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted in 2 electronic databases - PMC and Cochrane. The search was restricted to the articles published during the last 5 years. First-level screening was done to select articles for the review on the basis of title and abstract. Then, full texts of selected articles were studied, and relevant articles were selected to be included in this review. Articles selected were critically appraised to evaluate their quality.

    Results: Literature search revealed 837 articles in PMC, 15 in Clinical trial register of US National library, and 43 in Cochrane. Additional 6 articles were identified by hand search. Eleven clinical trials were included in this review.

    Conclusion: Advancement in nanotechnology has greatly influenced dental disease prevention and therapy significantly.

    Matched MeSH terms: Libraries
  4. Fulltext Prevalence of falls and its characteristics among malaysian older adults: a review
    Muhammad Iqbal, S., Bahman, J., Aslinda, C.M.
    Medicine & Health, 2020;15(1):18-33.
    MyJurnal
    Kejatuhan adalah isu kesihatan yang sering dikaitkan dengan warga emas di seluruh dunia. Kejatuhan boleh menyebabkan kesan negatif pada individu dan juga menyebabkan kematian dalam kes tertentu. Kajian semasa kejatuhan adalah amat terhad di Malaysia. Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk merumuskan kajian semasa yang dijalankan di Malaysia yang mengenai prevalens dan ciri-cirinya. Artikel telah dikenalpasti melalui menggunakan pangkalan data elektronik berikut: EBSCOhost, ClinicalKey, ScienceDirect, Wiley Online Library, SpringerLink dan Google Scholar. Pemilihan artikel adalah terhad kepada artikel bahasa Inggeris yang diterbitkan antara tahun 2013 hingga 2019. Kajian ini menilai golongan warga emas yang berumur 60 tahun ke atas; sama ada di kediaman, komuniti atau institut perubatan. Sembilan artikel yang berkaitan telah dikenalpasti dan disiasat. Hasil kajian menunjukkan variasi yang ketara dengan julat 4-74 % dalam prevalens kejatuhan di kalangan warga emas di Malaysia. Salah satu kajian yang dijalankan dalam komuniti menunjukkan prevalens kejatuhan yang lebih rendah. Majoriti peristiwa kejatuhan berlaku pada waktu pagi seperti yang dilaporkan oleh tiga kajian iaitu sebanyak 49%-64.7%. Kejatuhan dalam kawasan bangunan adalah jumlah tertinggi lokasi jatuh dengan 50-87% manakala di luar bangunan adalah 13-49.3%. Lokasi di bilik mandi / tandas mempunyai peratusan kejatuhan tertinggi dalam bangunan. Kejatuhan yang menyebabkan kecederaan adalah antara 47% -82%. Perubahan pada prevalens kejatuhan dalam warga emas ditentukan oleh faktor-faktor seperti lokasi dan keadaan kesihatan. Maklumat yang dikumpulkan dalam kajian ini menunjukkan terdapat kekurangan alat ukur piawai bagi mengkaji ciri-ciri kejatuhan di Malaysia. Kajian prospektif diperlukan untuk menubuhkan prevalens dan hubungan faktor-kesan kejatuhan di Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Libraries
  5. Development of a video tampering dataset for forensic investigation
    Ismael Al-Sanjary O, Ahmed AA, Sulong G
    Forensic Sci Int, 2016 Sep;266:565-572.
    PMID: 27574113 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2016.07.013
    Forgery is an act of modifying a document, product, image or video, among other media. Video tampering detection research requires an inclusive database of video modification. This paper aims to discuss a comprehensive proposal to create a dataset composed of modified videos for forensic investigation, in order to standardize existing techniques for detecting video tampering. The primary purpose of developing and designing this new video library is for usage in video forensics, which can be consciously associated with reliable verification using dynamic and static camera recognition. To the best of the author's knowledge, there exists no similar library among the research community. Videos were sourced from YouTube and by exploring social networking sites extensively by observing posted videos and rating their feedback. The video tampering dataset (VTD) comprises a total of 33 videos, divided among three categories in video tampering: (1) copy-move, (2) splicing, and (3) swapping-frames. Compared to existing datasets, this is a higher number of tampered videos, and with longer durations. The duration of every video is 16s, with a 1280×720 resolution, and a frame rate of 30 frames per second. Moreover, all videos possess the same formatting quality (720p(HD).avi). Both temporal and spatial video features were considered carefully during selection of the videos, and there exists complete information related to the doctored regions in every modified video in the VTD dataset. This database has been made publically available for research on splicing, Swapping frames, and copy-move tampering, and, as such, various video tampering detection issues with ground truth. The database has been utilised by many international researchers and groups of researchers.
    Matched MeSH terms: Libraries
  6. Fulltext Transcriptome datasets of oil palm pathogen Ganoderma boninense
    Isaac IL, Walter AWCY, Bakar MFA, Idris AS, Bakar FDA, Bharudin I, et al.
    Data Brief, 2018 Apr;17:1108-1111.
    PMID: 29876468 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2018.02.027
    Ganoderma boninense is known to be the causal agent for basal stem rot (BSR) affecting the oil palm industry worldwide thus cumulating to high economic losses every year. Several reports have shown that a compatible monokaryon pair needs to mate; producing dikaryotic mycelia to initiate the infection towards the oil palm. However, the molecular events occurs during mating process are not well understood. We performed transcriptome sequencing using Illumina RNA-seq technology and de novo assembly of the transcripts from monokaryon, mating junction and dikaryon mycelia of G. boninense. Raw reads from these three libraries were deposited in the NCBI database with accession number SRR1745787, SRR1745773 and SRR1745777, respectively.
    Matched MeSH terms: Libraries
  7. From compliance to adherence and concordance, what quantitative and qualitative studies have synthesized?
    Lee, K., Chin, Y.S., Loong, Y.Y., Hejar, A.R.
    Journal of Health Management, 2008;4(1):36-60.
    MyJurnal
    The purpose of the present study is to provide a critical review on the revolution of the "compliance" concepts from compliance to adherence, and adherence to concordance for both pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapies. A comprehensive literature search was performed using online databases from Library of University Putra Malaysia, and Pub Med based on the keywords. The present study showed that both quantitative and qualitative studies cannot be neglected in assessing adherence and its related problems. One of major findings from the present review is that "compliance" was no longer suitable for current treatments and it is important to define concepts of the terms used (adherence or concordance) correctly and clearly. The findings reflected that researchers placed greater value on medication adherence than non-pharmacological adherence. There were three general factors related to treatments adherence, namely socio-economic factor, treatments-related factor and disease-related factor. The findings showed that both qualitative and quantitative studies found consistent results for most of the factors, except for the experience of diseases symptoms. Both study design contribute important values to the adherence studies and future studies should incorporate both quantitative and qualitative studies to understand adherence in both pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments.
    Matched MeSH terms: Libraries
  8. The identification of chemical attribution signatures of stored VX nerve agents using NMR, GC-MS, and LC-HRMS
    Ovenden SPB, Webster RL, Micich E, McDowall LJ, McGill NW, Williams J, et al.
    Talanta, 2020 May 01;211:120753.
    PMID: 32070627 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.120753
    The organophosphorous nerve agent VX is classified by the Chemical Warfare Convention (CWC) as a Schedule 1 chemical; namely a substance that is highly toxic with no use that is of benefit to society. Even with this classification, the nefarious use of the Schedule 1 chemical VX has been observed, as demonstrated in 2017 in Malaysia. Therefore, undertaking chemical analysis on samples of VX to identify chemical attribution signatures (CAS) for chemical forensics is required. To further understand the chemical profile of VX, and to aid in the identification of potential CAS, three in house synthesised stocks of VX were investigated. The three VX stocks analysed were synthesised in 2014, 2017 and 2018 using the same method, allowing for a comparison of data between each of the stocks at different stages of storage. As opposed to a majority of literature reports, these agent stocks were not stabilised, nor were they subjected to forced degradation. Using NMR, high resolution (HR) LC-HRMS, GC-(EI)MS and GC-(CI)MS to gain a full insight into the CAS profile, a total of 44 compounds were identified. Of these compounds, 30 were readily identified through accurate mass measurement and NIST library matches. A further seven were identified through extensive LC-HRMS/MS studies, with seven remaining unresolved. Several compounds, identified in minor amounts, were able to be traced back to impurities in the precursor compounds used in the synthesis of VX, and hence may be useful as CAS for source attribution.
    Matched MeSH terms: Libraries
  9. Development of small molecule inhibitors targeting TGF-β ligand and receptor: Structures, mechanism, preclinical studies and clinical usage
    Wang H, Chen M, Sang X, You X, Wang Y, Paterson IC, et al.
    Eur J Med Chem, 2020 Apr 01;191:112154.
    PMID: 32092587 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112154
    Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is a member of a superfamily of pleiotropic proteins that regulate multiple cellular processes such as growth, development and differentiation. Following binding to type I and II TGF-β serine/threonine kinase receptors, TGF-β activates downstream signaling cascades involving both SMAD-dependent and -independent pathways. Aberrant TGF-β signaling is associated with a variety of diseases, such as fibrosis, cardiovascular disease and cancer. Hence, the TGF-β signaling pathway is recognized as a potential drug target. Various organic molecules have been designed and developed as TGF-β signaling pathway inhibitors and they function by either down-regulating the expression of TGF-β or by inhibiting the kinase activities of the TGF-β receptors. In this review, we discuss the current status of research regarding organic molecules as TGF-β inhibitors, focusing on the biological functions and the binding poses of compounds that are in the market or in the clinical or pre-clinical phases of development.
    Matched MeSH terms: Small Molecule Libraries/chemical synthesis; Small Molecule Libraries/pharmacology*; Small Molecule Libraries/chemistry
  10. Inhibitors of leishmania mexicana phosphoglycerate mutase identified by virtual screening and verified by inhibition studies
    Fazia Adyani Ahmad Fuad, Houston Douglas R, Michels Paul AM, Fothergill-gilmore Linda A, Walkinshaw Malcolm D
    Sains Malaysiana, 2016;45:1113-1120.
    Cofactor-independent phosphoglycerate mutase has been proposed as a therapeutic target for the treatment of
    trypanosomatid diseases. In this paper, we report the identification of compounds that could potentially be developed as
    selective inhibitors of cofactor-independent phosphoglycerate mutase from Leishmania mexicana (LmiPGAM). Virtual
    screening was used in this search, as well as compounds identified by high-throughput screening. A ligand-based virtual
    screen programme, ultra fast shape recognition with atom types (UFSRAT), was used to screen for compounds resembling
    the substrate/product, before a structure-based approach was applied using AutoDock 4 and AutoDock Vina in a consensus
    docking scheme. In this way eight selected compounds were identified. In addition, three compounds from the Library of
    Pharmacologically Active Compounds (LOPAC) were selected from the published results of high-throughput screening of
    this library. The inhibitory effects of these compounds were tested at a fixed concentration of 1 mM. The results showed
    that seven compounds inhibited LmiPGAM activity and of these, two compounds (one each from high-throughput and
    virtual screening) showed substantial inhibition (i.e. 14% and 49% remaining activity, respectively). Taken together, the
    findings from this study indicate that these compounds have potential as novel inhibitors that specifically target LmiPGAM.
    Matched MeSH terms: Libraries
  11. Synthesis: Small library of hybrid scaffolds of benzothiazole having hydrazone and evaluation of their β-glucuronidase activity
    Taha M, Arbin M, Ahmat N, Imran S, Rahim F
    Bioorg Chem, 2018 04;77:47-55.
    PMID: 29331764 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.01.002
    Due to the great biological importance of β-glucuronidase inhibitors, here in this study, we have synthesized a library of novel benzothiazole derivatives (1-30), characterized by different spectroscopic methods and evaluated for β-glucuronidase inhibitory potential. Among the series sixteen compounds i.e.1-6, 8, 9, 11, 14, 15, 20-23 and 26 showed outstanding inhibitory potential with IC50 value ranging in between 16.50 ± 0.26 and 59.45 ± 1.12 when compared with standard d-Saccharic acid 1,4-lactone (48.4 ± 1.25 µM). Except compound 8 and 23 all active analogs showed better potential than the standard. Structure activity relationship has been established.
    Matched MeSH terms: Small Molecule Libraries/chemical synthesis; Small Molecule Libraries/pharmacology*; Small Molecule Libraries/chemistry
  12. The Relationship between Norms and Risky Driving Behavior: A Systematic Review
    Harith SH, Mahmud N
    Iran J Public Health, 2020 Feb;49(2):211-220.
    PMID: 32461928
    Background: Road accident statistics has been seen increasing over the years despite numerous efforts made by the authorities. Human factors have contributed 90% of accident occurrence with risky driving behavior being one of the significant human factors that can be further explained through norms. This review paper aimed to investigate the relationship between norms and drivers' risky driving behavior.

    Methods: A systematic review process was conducted through four academic databases namely Scopus, Wiley Online Library, Emerald and Web of Science of no limitation for date. Overall, 3443 titles were identified and after several screening and reviewing processes, only 27 studies were included.

    Results: The results of the review demonstrated mixed findings between subjective norm and risky driving behavior, whereas the relationship between group norm, moral norm, injunctive norm, descriptive norm and risky driving behavior were observed significant.

    Conclusion: Appropriate educational awareness is required to educate the society in practicing good norms for mutual benefit of the society. Parents also need to set a good example for their children by abiding the traffic rules and regulation.

    Matched MeSH terms: Libraries
  13. Recent progress in small molecule agents for the targeted therapy of triple-negative breast cancer
    Islam R, Lam KW
    Eur J Med Chem, 2020 Dec 01;207:112812.
    PMID: 32937283 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112812
    Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive type of cancer, with a high risk of death on recurrence. To date, there is a lack of approved targeted agents for the treatment of the disease. Patients with TNBC continue to depend on surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, all of which have a wide side effect profile. In the present review, we highlight the current progress and exciting developments in the small-molecule targeted therapy for the treatment of TNBC. Finally, we also discuss the prospect of combining targeted therapy and immunotherapy for the effective treatment of TNBC.
    Matched MeSH terms: Small Molecule Libraries/pharmacology*; Small Molecule Libraries/therapeutic use
  14. Quantum probability ranking principle for ligand-based virtual screening
    Al-Dabbagh MM, Salim N, Himmat M, Ahmed A, Saeed F
    J Comput Aided Mol Des, 2017 Apr;31(4):365-378.
    PMID: 28220440 DOI: 10.1007/s10822-016-0003-4
    Chemical libraries contain thousands of compounds that need screening, which increases the need for computational methods that can rank or prioritize compounds. The tools of virtual screening are widely exploited to enhance the cost effectiveness of lead drug discovery programs by ranking chemical compounds databases in decreasing probability of biological activity based upon probability ranking principle (PRP). In this paper, we developed a novel ranking approach for molecular compounds inspired by quantum mechanics, called quantum probability ranking principle (QPRP). The QPRP ranking criteria would make an attempt to draw an analogy between the physical experiment and molecular structure ranking process for 2D fingerprints in ligand based virtual screening (LBVS). The development of QPRP criteria in LBVS has employed the concepts of quantum at three different levels, firstly at representation level, this model makes an effort to develop a new framework of molecular representation by connecting the molecular compounds with mathematical quantum space. Secondly, estimate the similarity between chemical libraries and references based on quantum-based similarity searching method. Finally, rank the molecules using QPRP approach. Simulated virtual screening experiments with MDL drug data report (MDDR) data sets showed that QPRP outperformed the classical ranking principle (PRP) for molecular chemical compounds.
    Matched MeSH terms: Small Molecule Libraries/pharmacology; Small Molecule Libraries/chemistry*
  15. Targeting Legumain As a Novel Therapeutic Strategy in Cancers
    Mai CW, Chung FF, Leong CO
    Curr Drug Targets, 2017;18(11):1259-1268.
    PMID: 27993111 DOI: 10.2174/1389450117666161216125344
    BACKGROUND: Recent reports indicate that the tumor microenvironment plays a pivotal role in cancer development and progression, leading to a paradigm shift in the way cancer is studied and targeted. In contrast to traditional approaches, where only tumor cells are targeted for the treatment, an emerging approach is to develop therapeutics which target the tumor microenvironment while complementing or enhancing current treatments. Legumain (LGMN) is a newly identified target which is highly expressed in the tumor microenvironment and in tumor cells, and holds potential both as a biomarker and as a therapeutic target.

    CONCLUSION: This review will be the first to summarize the expression of LGMN in common cancers, as well as its roles in tumorigenesis and metastasis. This review also discusses the current developments and future prospects of targeting LGMN through the development of DNA vaccines, azopeptides, small molecule inhibitors and LGMN activated prodrugs, highlighting the potential of LGMN as a target for cancer therapeutics.

    Matched MeSH terms: Small Molecule Libraries/pharmacology; Small Molecule Libraries/therapeutic use
  16. Fulltext How payment scheme affects patients' adherence to medications? A systematic review
    Aziz H, Hatah E, Makmor Bakry M, Islahudin F
    Patient Prefer Adherence, 2016;10:837-50.
    PMID: 27313448 DOI: 10.2147/PPA.S103057
    BACKGROUND: A previous systematic review reported that increase in patients' medication cost-sharing reduced patients' adherence to medication. However, a study among patients with medication subsidies who received medication at no cost found that medication nonadherence was also high. To our knowledge, no study has evaluated the influence of different medication payment schemes on patients' medication adherence.
    OBJECTIVE: This study aims to review research reporting the influence of payment schemes and their association with patients' medication adherence behavior.
    METHODS: This study was conducted using systematic review of published articles. Relevant published articles were located through three electronic databases Medline, ProQuest Medical Library, and ScienceDirect since inception to February 2015. Included articles were then reviewed and summarized narratively.
    RESULTS: Of the total of 2,683 articles located, 21 were included in the final analysis. There were four types of medication payment schemes reported in the included studies: 1) out-of-pocket expenditure or copayments; 2) drug coverage or insurance benefit; 3) prescription cap; and 4) medication subsidies. Our review found that patients with "lower self-paying constraint" were more likely to adhere to their medication (adherence rate ranged between 28.5% and 94.3%). Surprisingly, the adherence rate among patients who received medication as fully subsidized was similar (rate between 34% and 84.6%) as that of other payment schemes. The studies that evaluated patients with fully subsidized payment scheme found that the medication adherence was poor among patients with nonsevere illness.
    CONCLUSION: Although medication adherence was improved with the reduction of cost-sharing such as lower copayment, higher drug coverage, and prescription cap, patients with full-medication subsidies payment scheme (received medication at no cost) were also found to have poor adherence to their medication. Future studies comparing factors that may influence patients' adherence to medication among patients who received medication subsidies should be done to develop strategies to overcome medication nonadherence.
    KEYWORDS: drug cost; medication adherence; medication payment scheme
    Matched MeSH terms: Libraries, Medical
  17. Molar incisor hypomineralisation: current knowledge and practice
    Rodd HD, Graham A, Tajmehr N, Timms L, Hasmun N
    Int Dent J, 2020 Oct 08.
    PMID: 33031573 DOI: 10.1111/idj.12624
    BACKGROUND: Molar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) is a common developmental dental condition that presents in childhood. Areas of poorly formed enamel affect one or more first permanent molars and can cause opacities on the anterior teeth. MIH presents a variety of challenges for the dental team as well as functional and social impacts for affected children.

    OBJECTIVES: Here, we provide an up-to-date review of the epidemiology, aetiology, diagnosis and clinical management of MIH.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: A review of the contemporary basic science and clinical literature, relating to MIH, was undertaken using information obtained (up to 10 April 2020) from the electronic databases PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library.

    RESULTS: There is a growing body of evidence relating to the aetiology, presentation and clinical management of MIH. Current knowledge appears to be focused on potential genetic aspects, as well as the development and validation of indices for the diagnosis and management of MIH. There has also been increasing recognition of the global and individual burden of this common condition.

    CONCLUSIONS: Dental health professionals should regularly appraise the basic science and clinical MIH literature to ensure that they provide the best possible short- and long-term care for their young patients.

    Matched MeSH terms: Libraries
  18. Dataset on LC-Q-TOF/MS tentative identification of phytochemicals in the extract of Vernonia amygdalina leaf through positive ionization
    Alara OR, Abdurahman NH, Ukaegbu CI, Hassan Z, Kabbashi NA
    Data Brief, 2018 Dec;21:1686-1689.
    PMID: 30505901 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2018.10.159
    The tentative identification of bioactive compounds in the extract of Vernonia amygdalina leaf was carried out using positive ionization of Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry quadrupole time of flight (LC-Q-TOF/MS). The positive ionization is associated with the presence of saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, and glycosides. Tentative assignments of the secondary metabolites were performed by comparing the MS fragmentation patterns with Waters® UNIFY library which allows positive identification of the compounds based on the spectral match. All the metabolites compounds were estimated and presented in a BPI (Base peak intensity) plot. These data are the unpublished supplementary materials related to "Ethanolic extraction of bioactive compounds from V. amygdalina leaf using response surface methodology as an optimization tool" (Alara et al., 2018).
    Matched MeSH terms: Libraries
  19. Fulltext The roles and challenges of the national language in uniting the various ethnic groups in Sabah
    Sharifah Darmia Sharif Adam
    Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2019;4(4):1-11.
    MyJurnal
    This paper discusses the roles and challenges of the national language, which is Malay as a language in
    uniting the various ethnic groups in Sabah. On September 16, 1963, the Federation of Malaysia was
    officially declared which comprised of the Malay States, Singapore, Sabah and Sarawak. In line with
    that, the special provisions on the national language in Sabah are contained in Article 161 of the
    national constitution. Although the provision of the constitution clarify that Sabah was given a 10-year
    period to use Malay and English as the official languages but later on September 16, 1973 the Malay language was declared the sole official language for the state of Sabah. Hence, various efforts have
    been made by the government to ensure the national language can play its role as a language that can
    unite the various ethnic groups in Sabah. However, ethnic diversity with their own ethnic mother
    tongue languages has resulted in the Malay language as a national language as well as the language of
    unity to face many challenges. Therefore, the discussion in this paper is focused on policies undertaken
    by the government to strengthen the national language in various fields in Sabah and the challenges
    faced by the national language to foster unity among the various ethnic communities in the state. This
    study was conducted using a qualitative analysis approach and used archive study methods as well as
    library study to obtain research information sources. This study will produce an analysis that can be
    used as a reference to improve or formulate policies particularly in matters that benefit in strengthening
    the multi-ethnic communities in Sabah.
    Matched MeSH terms: Libraries
  20. Fulltext Candidate Essential Genes in Burkholderia cenocepacia J2315 Identified by Genome-Wide TraDIS
    Wong YC, Abd El Ghany M, Naeem R, Lee KW, Tan YC, Pain A, et al.
    Front Microbiol, 2016;7:1288.
    PMID: 27597847 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01288
    Burkholderia cenocepacia infection often leads to fatal cepacia syndrome in cystic fibrosis patients. However, antibiotic therapy rarely results in complete eradication of the pathogen due to its intrinsic resistance to many clinically available antibiotics. Recent attention has turned to the identification of essential genes as the proteins encoded by these genes may serve as potential targets for development of novel antimicrobials. In this study, we utilized TraDIS (Transposon Directed Insertion-site Sequencing) as a genome-wide screening tool to facilitate the identification of B. cenocepacia genes essential for its growth and viability. A transposon mutant pool consisting of approximately 500,000 mutants was successfully constructed, with more than 400,000 unique transposon insertion sites identified by computational analysis of TraDIS datasets. The saturated library allowed for the identification of 383 genes that were predicted to be essential in B. cenocepacia. We extended the application of TraDIS to identify conditionally essential genes required for in vitro growth and revealed an additional repertoire of 439 genes to be crucial for B. cenocepacia growth under nutrient-depleted conditions. The library of B. cenocepacia mutants can subsequently be subjected to various biologically related conditions to facilitate the discovery of genes involved in niche adaptation as well as pathogenicity and virulence.
    Matched MeSH terms: Libraries
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