Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 79 in total

Abstract:
Sort:
  1. Brooke GE
    Matched MeSH terms: Photography
  2. Audy JR
    Med J Malaysia, 1973 Dec;28(2):128.
    PMID: 4135196
    Matched MeSH terms: Photography*
  3. Siddiqui MF, Reza AW, Kanesan J, Ramiah H
    ScientificWorldJournal, 2014;2014:620868.
    PMID: 25133249 DOI: 10.1155/2014/620868
    A wide interest has been observed to find a low power and area efficient hardware design of discrete cosine transform (DCT) algorithm. This research work proposed a novel Common Subexpression Elimination (CSE) based pipelined architecture for DCT, aimed at reproducing the cost metrics of power and area while maintaining high speed and accuracy in DCT applications. The proposed design combines the techniques of Canonical Signed Digit (CSD) representation and CSE to implement the multiplier-less method for fixed constant multiplication of DCT coefficients. Furthermore, symmetry in the DCT coefficient matrix is used with CSE to further decrease the number of arithmetic operations. This architecture needs a single-port memory to feed the inputs instead of multiport memory, which leads to reduction of the hardware cost and area. From the analysis of experimental results and performance comparisons, it is observed that the proposed scheme uses minimum logic utilizing mere 340 slices and 22 adders. Moreover, this design meets the real time constraints of different video/image coders and peak-signal-to-noise-ratio (PSNR) requirements. Furthermore, the proposed technique has significant advantages over recent well-known methods along with accuracy in terms of power reduction, silicon area usage, and maximum operating frequency by 41%, 15%, and 15%, respectively.
    Matched MeSH terms: Photography/methods
  4. Lee WC, Khoo BE, Bin Abdullah AF, Abdul Aziz ZB
    J Forensic Sci, 2013 May;58(3):658-63.
    PMID: 23488634 DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.12103
    Bloodstain photography is important in forensic applications, especially for bloodstain pattern analysis. This study compares the enhancement effect of bloodstain photography using three different types of light source: fluorescent white light, near-ultraviolet (UV) light-emitting diode (LED) light, and 410 nm LED light. Randomized complete block designs were implemented to identify the lighting that would statistically produce the best enhancement results for bloodstains on different types of surfaces. Bloodstain samples were prepared on white cotton, brown carpet, tar road, and wood. These samples were photographed in darkroom conditions using a Canon EOS 50D digital SLR camera, with Canon EFS 60 mm f/2.8 Macro USM lens. Two-way analysis of variance and Fisher's least significant difference test were used to analyze the contrast of the images. The statistical analysis showed that 410 nm light is the best among the tested lights for enhancing bloodstains on the tested surfaces, where the contrast of bloodstain to background was the highest.
    Matched MeSH terms: Photography*
  5. Kuppuswamy R
    Forensic Sci Int, 2006 Jun 2;159(2-3):210-7.
    PMID: 16219441
    A series of experiments was conducted by exposing negative film in brand new cameras of different make and model. The exposures were repeated at regular time intervals spread over a period of 2 years. The processed film negatives were studied under a stereomicroscope (10-40x) in transmitted illumination for the presence of the characterizing features on their four frame-edges. These features were then related to those present on the masking frame of the cameras by examining the latter in reflected light stereomicroscopy (10-40x). The purpose of the study was to determine the origin and permanence of the frame-edge-marks, and also the processes by which the marks may probably alter with time. The investigations have arrived at the following conclusions: (i) the edge-marks have originated principally from the imperfections received on the film mask from the manufacturing and also occasionally from the accumulated dirt, dust and fiber on the film mask over an extended time period. (ii) The edge profiles of the cameras have remained fixed over a considerable period of time so as to be of a valuable identification medium. (iii) The marks are found to be varying in nature even with those cameras manufactured at similar time. (iv) The influence of f/number and object distance has great effect in the recording of the frame-edge marks during exposure of the film. The above findings would serve as a useful addition to the technique of camera edge-mark comparisons.
    Matched MeSH terms: Photography/instrumentation*
  6. Ibrahim WM
    J Prosthet Dent, 1996 Jul;76(1):104.
    PMID: 8814640
    Matched MeSH terms: Photography/instrumentation
  7. Ahmed N, Halim MSB, Ghani ZA, Khan ZA, Abbasi MS, Jamayet NB, et al.
    Biomed Res Int, 2021;2021:6674400.
    PMID: 33969123 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6674400
    The objective of this paper was to evaluate the existence of golden percentage in natural maxillary anterior teeth with the aid of 3D digital dental models and 2D photographs. And to propose regional values of golden percentage for restoration of maxillary anterior teeth. For this purpose, one hundred and ninety dentate subjects with sound maxillary anterior teeth were selected. Standardized frontal images were captured with DSLR, and the apparent width of maxillary anterior teeth was measured utilizing a software on a personal laptop computer. Once the dimensions were recorded, the calculations were made according to the golden percentage theory (GPT). The data were analyzed by independent and paired T-test. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05. The golden percentage values were not found in this study. The values obtained were 16%, 15%, 20%, 20%, 15%, and 16% moving from the right canine to the left canine teeth. There was no significant gender difference in the golden percentage values. Thus, golden percentage should not be used solely for the correction of anterior teeth or for determining dental attractiveness. Emphasis should be given to a range of dental proportion on regional basis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Photography*
  8. Kruszka P, Addissie YA, McGinn DE, Porras AR, Biggs E, Share M, et al.
    Am J Med Genet A, 2017 Apr;173(4):i.
    PMID: 28328119 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.38224
    The cover image, by Paul Kruszka et al., is based on the Original Article 22q11.2 deletion syndrome in diverse populations, DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.38199. Individual images are property of the National Human Genome Research Institute and are in the public domain.
    Matched MeSH terms: Photography*
  9. Ng KH, Peh WC
    Singapore Med J, 2009 Apr;50(4):330-4; quiz 335.
    PMID: 19421674
    In part two of "Preparing effective illustrations", the other three categories, viz. photographs, radiological images and diagrams, are discussed. Illustrations provide visual information to supplement the results in a scientific paper, and create a visual impact that can improve the readability of a paper. This article provides some basic guidelines to assist authors in preparing effective photographs, radiological images and diagrams.
    Matched MeSH terms: Photography/standards*
  10. Zheng S, Rahmat RWO, Khalid F, Nasharuddin NA
    PeerJ Comput Sci, 2019;5:e236.
    PMID: 33816889 DOI: 10.7717/peerj-cs.236
    As the technology for 3D photography has developed rapidly in recent years, an enormous amount of 3D images has been produced, one of the directions of research for which is face recognition. Improving the accuracy of a number of data is crucial in 3D face recognition problems. Traditional machine learning methods can be used to recognize 3D faces, but the face recognition rate has declined rapidly with the increasing number of 3D images. As a result, classifying large amounts of 3D image data is time-consuming, expensive, and inefficient. The deep learning methods have become the focus of attention in the 3D face recognition research. In our experiment, the end-to-end face recognition system based on 3D face texture is proposed, combining the geometric invariants, histogram of oriented gradients and the fine-tuned residual neural networks. The research shows that when the performance is evaluated by the FRGC-v2 dataset, as the fine-tuned ResNet deep neural network layers are increased, the best Top-1 accuracy is up to 98.26% and the Top-2 accuracy is 99.40%. The framework proposed costs less iterations than traditional methods. The analysis suggests that a large number of 3D face data by the proposed recognition framework could significantly improve recognition decisions in realistic 3D face scenarios.
    Matched MeSH terms: Photography
  11. Ong CT, Yap JF, Wai YZ, Ng QX
    Cureus, 2016;8(8):e733.
    PMID: 27630805 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.733
    Clinical photography in the field of oculoplastic surgery has many applications. It is possible for clinicians to obtain standardized clinical photographs without a studio. A clinician photographer has the advantage of knowing exactly what to photograph as well as having immediate access to the images. In order to maintain standardization in the photographs, the photographic settings should remain constant. This article covers essential photographic equipment, camera settings, patient pose, and digital asset management.
    Matched MeSH terms: Photography
  12. Nabilah Zainal Abidin, Fawazul Khair Ibrahim, Raja Nafida Raja Shahminan
    MyJurnal
    This paper describes the culture of Traditional Malays, in particular the use of sustainable furniture inside a Traditional Malay House (TMH). The sample houses for this study were retrieved from archived reports, from the Centre for Built Environment in the Malay World (KALAM), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM). Data collected were analysed using Componential Analysis for the presence of components (based on drawings of archival reports as well as photographic evidence from site visits). The findings showed that the Malays used a variety ofsustainable furniture in their houses. Additionally, their homes had built-in furniture, which indicated the houses were pre-designed based on its user.
    Matched MeSH terms: Photography
  13. M. Farihin Talib, Anuar, A.A., Mohd Fauzi Othman, Masoud Samadi
    MyJurnal
    Nowadays, intelligent vehicles have received a considerable attention among the
    researchers to reduce the number of collisions and road accidents. One of the
    challenging tasks for these vehicles is road lane detection or road boundaries
    detection. In this research, a lane detection algorithm was developed to detect the
    right and left lane markers on the road by using two cameras which act as a stereo
    vision for the system. It is based on edge detection by using Canny Edge Detection to
    reduce unnecessary data on the images and to perform features recognition for the
    lane. After the features has been extracted, the algorithm is followed by Hough
    Transform method to generate the detected lines on the image obtained from the
    stereo vision camera. The algorithm has to work in different environment to be used
    in real world applications. The stereo vision algorithm is implemented to generate
    disparity map of area. This helps to gain more information on environment, such as the
    estimated distance of the lines, the distance of the vehicle to the turns. The experiment
    result shows the detection of right and left lane on the road with disparity map to
    determine an estimate of the distance of detected lanes from the stereo vision camera.
    Matched MeSH terms: Photography
  14. Nawawi, S.W., S. Sabikan
    MyJurnal
    In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in quadcopter technology
    implementation in the real world; for instance in real estate photography, aerial surveying, periodic
    forest monitoring, and search/rescue missions. Generally, each quadcopter implementation required
    different sensors which are needed to attach and integrate into quadcopter system. However, the most
    critical part in almost cases is preparing the quadcopter flight performance and capability to be suited
    in any outdoor applications. Because of that reason, this paper has proposed an implementation of
    Open-Source Project (OSPs) platform as autonomous Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) quadcopter
    development that can be fitted for any outdoor applications or even in research experimental purposes.
    We started out with an explanation about the general approach that has been used in the development
    of a quadcopter testbed, and then followed with detail explanations in the OSP platform approach.
    The OSP platform is the most popular approach. The main reason is because of their flexibility in both
    hardware and software. The basic quadcopter configuration for autonomous flight also presented and
    applied. This paper also provided several outdoor experiments results in uncontrolled environment
    that have been executed using our developed testbed to evaluate their performance, such as attitude
    and altitude stabilization, interference and vibration effect, and trajectory mapping generation.
    Finally, throughout this project, we realized that the OPSs quadcopter platform has offered almost
    complete frameworks in the development of quadcopter for any outdoor applications or even as a
    research testbed system.
    Matched MeSH terms: Photography
  15. Razali SM, Marin A, Nuruddin AA, Shafri HZ, Hamid HA
    Sensors (Basel), 2014 May 07;14(5):8259-82.
    PMID: 24811079 DOI: 10.3390/s140508259
    Various classification methods have been applied for low resolution of the entire Earth's surface from recorded satellite images, but insufficient study has determined which method, for which satellite data, is economically viable for tropical forest land use mapping. This study employed Iterative Self Organizing Data Analysis Techniques (ISODATA) and K-Means classification techniques to classified Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Surface Reflectance satellite image into forests, oil palm groves, rubber plantations, mixed horticulture, mixed oil palm and rubber and mixed forest and rubber. Even though frequent cloud cover has been a challenge for mapping tropical forests, our MODIS land use classification map found that 2008 ISODATA-1 performed well with overall accuracy of 94%, with the highest Producer's Accuracy of Forest with 86%, and were consistent with MODIS Land Cover 2008 (MOD12Q1), respectively. The MODIS land use classification was able to distinguish young oil palm groves from open areas, rubber and mature oil palm plantations, on the Advanced Land Observing Satellite (ALOS) map, whereas rubber was more easily distinguished from an open area than from mixed rubber and forest. This study provides insight on the potential for integrating regional databases and temporal MODIS data, in order to map land use in tropical forest regions.
    Matched MeSH terms: Photography/methods*
  16. Flaherty GT, Smith M
    Wilderness Environ Med, 2019 06;30(2):218-220.
    PMID: 31005609 DOI: 10.1016/j.wem.2019.02.001
    Matched MeSH terms: Photography*
  17. Lee WC, Khoo BE, Abdullah AFL
    Sci Justice, 2016 May;56(3):201-209.
    PMID: 27162018 DOI: 10.1016/j.scijus.2016.01.001
    Background correction algorithm (BCA) is useful in enhancing the visibility of images captured in crime scenes especially those of untreated bloodstains. Successful implementation of BCA requires all the images to have similar brightness which often proves a problem when using automatic exposure setting in a camera. This paper presents an improved background correction algorithm (BCA) that applies mean-based contrast adjustment as a pre-correction step to adjust the mean brightness of images to be similar before implementing BCA. The proposed modification, namely mean-based adaptive BCA (mABCA) was tested on various image samples captured under different illuminations such as 385 nm, 415 nm and 458 nm. We also evaluated mABCA of two wavelengths (415 nm and 458 nm) and three wavelengths (415 nm, 380 nm and 458 nm) in enhancing untreated bloodstains on different surfaces. The proposed mABCA is found to be more robust in processing images captured in different brightness and thus overcomes the main issue faced in the original BCA.
    Matched MeSH terms: Photography*
  18. Ibáñez O, Valsecchi A, Cavalli F, Huete MI, Campomanes-Alvarez BR, Campomanes-Alvarez C, et al.
    Leg Med (Tokyo), 2016 Nov;23:59-70.
    PMID: 27890106 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2016.09.009
    Craniofacial superimposition has the potential to be used as an identification method when other traditional biological techniques are not applicable due to insufficient quality or absence of ante-mortem and post-mortem data. Despite having been used in many countries as a method of inclusion and exclusion for over a century it lacks standards. Thus, the purpose of this research is to provide forensic practitioners with standard criteria for analysing skull-face relationships. Thirty-seven experts from 16 different institutions participated in this study, which consisted of evaluating 65 criteria for assessing skull-face anatomical consistency on a sample of 24 different skull-face superimpositions. An unbiased statistical analysis established the most objective and discriminative criteria. Results did not show strong associations, however, important insights to address lack of standards were provided. In addition, a novel methodology for understanding and standardizing identification methods based on the observation of morphological patterns has been proposed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Photography*
  19. Scotson L, Fredriksson G, Ngoprasert D, Wong WM, Fieberg J
    PLoS One, 2017;12(9):e0185336.
    PMID: 28961243 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0185336
    Monitoring population trends of threatened species requires standardized techniques that can be applied over broad areas and repeated through time. Sun bears Helarctos malayanus are a forest dependent tropical bear found throughout most of Southeast Asia. Previous estimates of global population trends have relied on expert opinion and cannot be systematically replicated. We combined data from 1,463 camera traps within 31 field sites across sun bear range to model the relationship between photo catch rates of sun bears and tree cover. Sun bears were detected in all levels of tree cover above 20%, and the probability of presence was positively associated with the amount of tree cover within a 6-km2 buffer of the camera traps. We used the relationship between catch rates and tree cover across space to infer temporal trends in sun bear abundance in response to tree cover loss at country and global-scales. Our model-based projections based on this "space for time" substitution suggested that sun bear population declines associated with tree cover loss between 2000-2014 in mainland southeast Asia were ~9%, with declines highest in Cambodia and lowest in Myanmar. During the same period, sun bear populations in insular southeast Asia (Malaysia, Indonesia and Brunei) were projected to have declined at a much higher rate (22%). Cast forward over 30-years, from the year 2000, by assuming a constant rate of change in tree cover, we projected population declines in the insular region that surpassed 50%, meeting the IUCN criteria for endangered if sun bears were listed on the population level. Although this approach requires several assumptions, most notably that trends in abundance across space can be used to infer temporal trends, population projections using remotely sensed tree cover data may serve as a useful alternative (or supplement) to expert opinion. The advantages of this approach is that it is objective, data-driven, repeatable, and it requires that all assumptions be clearly stated.
    Matched MeSH terms: Photography/methods*
  20. Wan Zaki WMD, Mat Daud M, Abdani SR, Hussain A, Mutalib HA
    Comput Methods Programs Biomed, 2018 Feb;154:71-78.
    PMID: 29249348 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2017.10.026
    BACKGROUND AND BJECTIVE: Pterygium is an ocular disease caused by fibrovascular tissue encroachment onto the corneal region. The tissue may cause vision blurring if it grows into the pupil region. In this study, we propose an automatic detection method to differentiate pterygium from non-pterygium (normal) cases on the basis of frontal eye photographed images, also known as anterior segment photographed images.

    METHODS: The pterygium screening system was tested on two normal eye databases (UBIRIS and MILES) and two pterygium databases (Australia Pterygium and Brazil Pterygium). This system comprises four modules: (i) a preprocessing module to enhance the pterygium tissue using HSV-Sigmoid; (ii) a segmentation module to differentiate the corneal region and the pterygium tissue; (iii) a feature extraction module to extract corneal features using circularity ratio, Haralick's circularity, eccentricity, and solidity; and (iv) a classification module to identify the presence or absence of pterygium. System performance was evaluated using support vector machine (SVM) and artificial neural network.

    RESULTS: The three-step frame differencing technique was introduced in the corneal segmentation module. The output image successfully covered the region of interest with an average accuracy of 0.9127. The performance of the proposed system using SVM provided the most promising results of 88.7%, 88.3%, and 95.6% for sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve, respectively.

    CONCLUSION: A basic platform for computer-aided pterygium screening was successfully developed using the proposed modules. The proposed system can classify pterygium and non-pterygium cases reasonably well. In our future work, a standard grading system will be developed to identify the severity of pterygium cases. This system is expected to increase the awareness of communities in rural areas on pterygium.

    Matched MeSH terms: Photography/methods*
Filters
Contact Us

Please provide feedback to Administrator (afdal@afpm.org.my)

External Links