Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 168 in total

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  1. Lim KO
    Med J Malaysia, 1977 Sep;32(1):67-70.
    PMID: 609349
    Matched MeSH terms: Prosthesis Design
  2. Sadollah A, Bahreininejad A
    J Mech Behav Biomed Mater, 2011 Oct;4(7):1384-95.
    PMID: 21783149 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2011.05.009
    Despite dental implantation being a great success, one of the key issues facing it is a mismatch of mechanical properties between engineered and native biomaterials, which makes osseointegration and bone remodeling problematical. Functionally graded material (FGM) has been proposed as a potential upgrade to some conventional implant materials such as titanium for selection in prosthetic dentistry. The idea of an FGM dental implant is that the property would vary in a certain pattern to match the biomechanical characteristics required at different regions in the hosting bone. However, matching the properties does not necessarily guarantee the best osseointegration and bone remodeling. Little existing research has been reported on developing an optimal design of an FGM dental implant for promoting long-term success. Based upon remodeling results, metaheuristic algorithms such as the genetic algorithms (GAs) and simulated annealing (SA) have been adopted to develop a multi-objective optimal design for FGM implantation design. The results are compared with those in literature.
    Matched MeSH terms: Dental Prosthesis Design/methods*
  3. Noorsal E, Sooksood K, Bihr U, Becker J, Ortmanns M
    PMID: 23366775 DOI: 10.1109/EMBC.2012.6346814
    This paper describes how to employ distributed clock gating to achieve an overall low power design of a programmable waveform generator intended for a neural stimulator. The power efficiency is enabled using global timing control combined with local amplitude distribution over a bus to the local stimulator frontends. This allows the combination of local and global clock gating for complete sub-blocks of the design. A counter and a shifter employed at the local digital stimulator reduce the design complexity for the waveform generation and thus the overall power consumptions. The average power results indicate that 63% power can be saved for the global stimulator control unit and 89-96% power can be saved for the local digital stimulator by using the proposed approach. The circuit has been implemented and successfully tested in a 0.35 µm AMS HVCMOS technology.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prosthesis Design*
  4. Aggarwal H, Kumar P, Eachempati P, Krishanappa SK
    J Prosthet Dent, 2015 Sep;114(3):456-7.
    PMID: 26047802 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2015.04.010
    This article describes a cost-effective, expedient, and time-saving technique for surface texturing a facial prosthesis with fine sand mixed in resin adhesive glue.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prosthesis Design/economics*
  5. Haider KG, Lewis GR
    Quintessence Int, 1994 Jan;25(1):23-6.
    PMID: 8190877
    A variety of problems faces the prosthodontist attempting reconstruction of maxillary defects. There are various treatment options for patients requiring a partial maxillectomy and an obturator prosthesis. Reduced adaptability makes it difficult for the patient to learn to use a new appliance, unless existing skills can be employed. It is therefore helpful to reproduce familiar features of a patient's existing obturator, especially if this has been used successfully over a transition period.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prosthesis Design; Dental Prosthesis Design/methods*
  6. Razak NA, Osman NA, Gholizadeh H, Ali S
    Biomed Eng Online, 2014;13:108.
    PMID: 25085005 DOI: 10.1186/1475-925X-13-108
    The interface pressure between the residual limb and prosthetic socket has a significant effect on an amputee's satisfaction and comfort. This paper presents the design and performance of a new prosthetic socket that uses an air splint system.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prosthesis Design/instrumentation*
  7. Gholizadeh H, Osman NA, Eshraghi A, Abd Razak NA
    Biomed Eng Online, 2014;13:89.
    PMID: 24981801 DOI: 10.1186/1475-925X-13-89
    Prosthesis suspension systems can alter the distribution of pressure within the prosthetic socket. This study evaluates a new suspension system for lower limb prostheses, and aims to compare the interface pressure and amputees' satisfaction with the new system compared with a common prosthetic suspension system (pin/lock).
    Matched MeSH terms: Prosthesis Design*
  8. Hassan LA, Goo CL
    Dent Mater J, 2021 Sep 30;40(5):1189-1195.
    PMID: 34078778 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2020-408
    This research aimed to evaluate the effect of cement space on the marginal discrepancy and retention of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) crowns. A total of 30 premolar Frasaco teeth were machined to receive crowns with cement spaces of 70, 90, and 110 μm. The marginal discrepancy measurements were done before and after cementation. Pull-off test was conducted using universal testing machine (UTM). Data was analyzed using two-way mixed ANOVA with post-hoc Bonferroni test and Kruskal-Wallis test. The crowns with cement space of 70 μm showed a significantly higher absolute marginal discrepancy than those with 90 and 110 μm. No significant effect on the crown retention was found. Within the limitations of this study, modifying cement space to 90 μm and 110 μm may improve the marginal adaptation of CAD/CAM crown, whereas adjusting cement space from 70 to 110 μm did not significantly affect the crown retention.
    Matched MeSH terms: Dental Prosthesis Design*
  9. El-Sayed AM, Hamzaid NA, Abu Osman NA
    ScientificWorldJournal, 2014;2014:297431.
    PMID: 25110727 DOI: 10.1155/2014/297431
    Several studies have presented technological ensembles of active knee systems for transfemoral prosthesis. Other studies have examined the amputees' gait performance while wearing a specific active prosthesis. This paper combined both insights, that is, a technical examination of the components used, with an evaluation of how these improved the gait of respective users. This study aims to offer a quantitative understanding of the potential enhancement derived from strategic integration of core elements in developing an effective device. The study systematically discussed the current technology in active transfemoral prosthesis with respect to its functional walking performance amongst above-knee amputee users, to evaluate the system's efficacy in producing close-to-normal user performance. The performances of its actuator, sensory system, and control technique that are incorporated in each reported system were evaluated separately and numerical comparisons were conducted based on the percentage of amputees' gait deviation from normal gait profile points. The results identified particular components that contributed closest to normal gait parameters. However, the conclusion is limitedly extendable due to the small number of studies. Thus, more clinical validation of the active prosthetic knee technology is needed to better understand the extent of contribution of each component to the most functional development.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prosthesis Design
  10. El-Sayed AM, Hamzaid NA, Abu Osman NA
    Sensors (Basel), 2014;14(12):23724-41.
    PMID: 25513823 DOI: 10.3390/s141223724
    Alternative sensory systems for the development of prosthetic knees are being increasingly highlighted nowadays, due to the rapid advancements in the field of lower limb prosthetics. This study presents the use of piezoelectric bimorphs as in-socket sensors for transfemoral amputees. An Instron machine was used in the calibration procedure and the corresponding output data were further analyzed to determine the static and dynamic characteristics of the piezoelectric bimorph. The piezoelectric bimorph showed appropriate static operating range, repeatability, hysteresis, and frequency response for application in lower prosthesis, with a force range of 0-100 N. To further validate this finding, an experiment was conducted with a single transfemoral amputee subject to measure the stump/socket pressure using the piezoelectric bimorph embedded inside the socket. The results showed that a maximum interface pressure of about 27 kPa occurred at the anterior proximal site compared to the anterior distal and posterior sites, consistent with values published in other studies. This paper highlighted the capacity of piezoelectric bimorphs to perform as in-socket sensors for transfemoral amputees. However, further experiments are recommended to be conducted with different amputees with different socket types.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prosthesis Design*
  11. Gholizadeh H, Abu Osman NA, Eshraghi A, Arifin N, Chung TY
    Prosthet Orthot Int, 2016 Aug;40(4):509-16.
    PMID: 25583929 DOI: 10.1177/0309364614564022
    BACKGROUND: This article describes a total surface bearing prosthetic socket for a patient (25-year-old female) with a bulbous stump.

    CASE DESCRIPTION AND METHODS: The subject had unstable excessive soft tissue at the distal end of the residuum. After 2 years of prosthetic use, she experienced several problems, including pain in the residual limb and knee joint. Pressure distribution was evaluated during ambulation. We also designed a total surface bearing socket with Velcro as suspension system to distribute the load evenly on the residual limb, and to facilitate donning procedure.

    FINDINGS AND OUTCOMES: The main site of weight bearing in the old prosthesis (patellar tendon bearing) was anterior proximal region of the residual limb, especially the patellar tendon. The pressure was almost 10 times higher than the distal region during level walking. Pressures were distributed more evenly with the total surface bearing socket design, and the donning was much easier.

    CONCLUSION: Pressure distribution within the socket could be affected by socket design and suspension system. Using the total surface bearing socket and Velcro as suspension system might facilitate donning of prosthesis and reduce traction at the end of residual limb during the swing phase of gait.

    CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Proper socket design and suspension system based on the amputees' need can facilitate rehabilitation process and lead to the amputee's satisfaction. The pressure is distributed more uniformly over the residual limb by the total surface bearing socket compared to the patellar tendon bearing socket for lower limb amputees with unusual stump shape.

    Matched MeSH terms: Prosthesis Design*
  12. Ali S, Abu Osman NA, Arifin N, Gholizadeh H, Abd Razak NA, Abas WA
    ScientificWorldJournal, 2014;2014:769810.
    PMID: 25184154 DOI: 10.1155/2014/769810
    This study aimed to compare the effect of satisfaction and perceived problems between Pelite, Dermo with shuttle lock, and Seal-In X5 liners on the transtibial amputees.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prosthesis Design*
  13. Pirouzi G, Abu Osman NA, Eshraghi A, Ali S, Gholizadeh H, Wan Abas WA
    ScientificWorldJournal, 2014;2014:849073.
    PMID: 25197716 DOI: 10.1155/2014/849073
    Socket is an important part of every prosthetic limb as an interface between the residual limb and prosthetic components. Biomechanics of socket-residual limb interface, especially the pressure and force distribution, have effect on patient satisfaction and function. This paper aimed to review and evaluate studies conducted in the last decades on the design of socket, in-socket interface pressure measurement, and socket biomechanics. Literature was searched to find related keywords with transtibial amputation, socket-residual limb interface, socket measurement, socket design, modeling, computational modeling, and suspension system. In accordance with the selection criteria, 19 articles were selected for further analysis. It was revealed that pressure and stress have been studied in the last decaeds, but quantitative evaluations remain inapplicable in clinical settings. This study also illustrates prevailing systems, which may facilitate improvements in socket design for improved quality of life for individuals ambulating with transtibial prosthesis. It is hoped that the review will better facilitate the understanding and determine the clinical relevance of quantitative evaluations.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prosthesis Design/methods*
  14. Gholizadeh H, Abu Osman NA, Eshraghi A, Ali S
    Am J Phys Med Rehabil, 2014 Sep;93(9):809-23.
    PMID: 24743451 DOI: 10.1097/PHM.0000000000000094
    The purpose of this study was to find the scientific evidence pertaining to various transfemoral suspension systems to provide selection criteria for clinicians. To this end, databases of PubMed, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect were explored. The following key words, as well as their combinations and synonyms, were used for the search: transfemoral prosthesis, prosthetic suspension, lower limb prosthesis, above-knee prosthesis, prosthetic liner, transfemoral, and prosthetic socket. The study design, research instrument, sampling method, outcome measures, and protocols of articles were reviewed. On the basis of the selection criteria, 16 articles (11 prospective studies and 5 surveys) were reviewed. The main causes of reluctance to prosthesis, aside from energy expenditure, were socket-related problems such as discomfort, perspiration, and skin problems. Osseointegration was a suspension option, yet it is rarely applied because of several drawbacks, such as extended rehabilitation process, risk for fracture, and infection along with excessive cost. In conclusion, no clinical evidence was found as a "standard" system of suspension and socket design for all transfemoral amputees. However, among various suspension systems for transfemoral amputees, the soft insert or double socket was favored by most users in terms of function and comfort.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prosthesis Design*
  15. Gholizadeh H, Abu Osman NA, Eshraghi A, Ali S, Razak NA
    Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon), 2014 Jan;29(1):87-97.
    PMID: 24315710 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2013.10.013
    Today a number of prosthetic suspension systems are available for transtibial amputees. Consideration of an appropriate suspension system can ensure that amputee's functional needs are satisfied. The higher the insight to suspension systems, the easier would be the selection for prosthetists. This review attempted to find scientific evidence pertaining to various transtibial suspension systems to provide selection criteria for clinicians.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prosthesis Design*
  16. B Jamayet N, J Abdullah Y, A Rajion Z, Husein A, K Alam M
    Bull. Tokyo Dent. Coll., 2017;58(2):117-124.
    PMID: 28724860 DOI: 10.2209/tdcpublication.2016-0021
    The wax sculpting of a maxillofacial prosthesis is challenging, time-consuming, and requires great skill. Rapid prototyping (RP) systems allow these hurdles to be overcome by enabling the creation of a customized 3D model of the desired prosthesis. Geomagic and Mimics are the most suitable software programs with which to design such prostheses. However, due to the high cost of these applications and the special training required to operate them, they are not widely used. Additionally, ill-fitting margins and other discrepancies in the final finished products of RP systems are also inevitable. Therefore, this process makes further treatment planning difficult for the maxillofacial prosthodontist. Here, we report the case of a 62-year-old woman who attended our clinic. Initially, she had presented with a right facial defect. This was later diagnosed as a squamous cell carcinoma and resected. The aim of this report is to describe a new technique for the 3D printing of facial prostheses which involves the combined use of open-source software, an RP system, and conventional methods of fabrication. The 3D design obtained was used to fabricate a maxillofacial prosthesis to restore the defect. The patient was happy with the esthetic outcome. This approach is relatively easy and cheap, does not require a high degree of non-medical training, and is beneficial in terms of clinical outcome.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prosthesis Design/methods
  17. Nurhanisah MH, Jawaid M, Ahmad Azmeer R, Paridah MT
    Disabil Rehabil Assist Technol, 2019 07;14(5):513-520.
    PMID: 29933703 DOI: 10.1080/17483107.2018.1479782
    This study describes a newly developed prosthetic leg socket design for a below-knee amputation. Excessive heat and the resulted perspiration within a prosthetic socket were the most common causes for reporting a reduced quality of life for prosthetic users. The product namely AirCirc means air circulation and it has been designed by approach of medical device design process in providing the amputees to maintain the skin temperature inside the socket. This device has been designed to provide the amputees with comfort and ultimate breathable. In order to design the device, the small hole was made in prosthetic socket surface since it has a function as air circulation. Four types of proposed sockets namely P1, P2, P3 and P4 and one control socket were compared on a single patient to determine the best design of prosthetic socket. The result successfully reveals that by using holes can be maintain the temperature inside prosthetic socket. In addition to the eco-friendly material, the woven kenaf was used as material that provides good strength as compared to glass fibre and offer sustainable and biodegradable product yet provides unique and aesthetic surface as came from woven kenaf itself. The objective of this paper is to provide the airflow prosthetic socket design and optimize the use of natural fibre in prostheses field. Thus, with the use of the environmental friendly material, functionality device and heat removal capability make the device suitable for maintaining a comfortable and healthy environment for prosthesis. Implications of Rehabilitation Newly developed prosthetic leg socket design for a below-knee amputation Device has been designed to provide the amputees with comfort and ultimate breathable Woven kenaf was used as material that provides good strength as compared to glass fibre for sustainable and biodegradable product Results show that by using holes can be maintain the temperature inside prosthetic socket.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prosthesis Design*
  18. Alam M, Choudhury IA, Bin Mamat A
    ScientificWorldJournal, 2014;2014:867869.
    PMID: 24892102 DOI: 10.1155/2014/867869
    Robotic technologies are being employed increasingly in the treatment of lower limb disabilities. Individuals suffering from stroke and other neurological disorders often experience inadequate dorsiflexion during swing phase of the gait cycle due to dorsiflexor muscle weakness. This type of pathological gait, mostly known as drop-foot gait, has two major complications, foot-slap during loading response and toe-drag during swing. Ankle foot orthotic (AFO) devices are mostly prescribed to resolve these complications. Existing AFOs are designed with or without articulated joint with various motion control elements like springs, dampers, four-bar mechanism, series elastic actuator, and so forth. This paper examines various AFO designs for drop-foot, discusses the mechanism, and identifies limitations and remaining design challenges. Along with two commercially available AFOs some designs possess promising prospective to be used as daily-wear device. However, the design and mechanism of AFO must ensure compactness, light weight, low noise, and high efficiency. These entailments present significant engineering challenges to develop a new design with wide consumer adoption.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prosthesis Design*
  19. Abd Razak NA, Abu Osman NA, Gholizadeh H, Ali S
    Biomed Eng Online, 2014 Apr 23;13:49.
    PMID: 24755242 DOI: 10.1186/1475-925X-13-49
    BACKGROUND: The design and performance of a new development prosthesis system known as biomechatronics wrist prosthesis is presented in this paper. The prosthesis system was implemented by replacing the Bowden tension cable of body powered prosthesis system using two ultrasonic sensors, two servo motors and microcontroller inside the prosthesis hand for transradial user.

    METHODS: The system components and hand prototypes involve the anthropometry, CAD design and prototyping, biomechatronics engineering together with the prosthetics. The modeler construction of the system develop allows the ultrasonic sensors that are placed on the shoulder to generate the wrist movement of the prosthesis. The kinematics of wrist movement, which are the pronation/supination and flexion/extension were tested using the motion analysis and general motion of human hand were compared. The study also evaluated the require degree of detection for the input of the ultrasonic sensor to generate the wrist movements.

    RESULTS: The values collected by the vicon motion analysis for biomechatronics prosthesis system were reliable to do the common tasks in daily life. The degree of the head needed to bend to give the full input wave was about 45°-55° of rotation or about 14 cm-16 cm. The biomechatronics wrist prosthesis gave higher degree of rotation to do the daily tasks but did not achieve the maximum degree of rotation.

    CONCLUSION: The new development of using sensor and actuator in generating the wrist movements will be interesting for used list in medicine, robotics technology, rehabilitations, prosthetics and orthotics.

    Matched MeSH terms: Prosthesis Design/methods*
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