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  1. Fulltext Performance comparison of heuristic algorithms for task scheduling in IaaS cloud computing environment
    Madni SHH, Abd Latiff MS, Abdullahi M, Abdulhamid SM, Usman MJ
    PLoS One, 2017;12(5):e0176321.
    PMID: 28467505 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176321
    Cloud computing infrastructure is suitable for meeting computational needs of large task sizes. Optimal scheduling of tasks in cloud computing environment has been proved to be an NP-complete problem, hence the need for the application of heuristic methods. Several heuristic algorithms have been developed and used in addressing this problem, but choosing the appropriate algorithm for solving task assignment problem of a particular nature is difficult since the methods are developed under different assumptions. Therefore, six rule based heuristic algorithms are implemented and used to schedule autonomous tasks in homogeneous and heterogeneous environments with the aim of comparing their performance in terms of cost, degree of imbalance, makespan and throughput. First Come First Serve (FCFS), Minimum Completion Time (MCT), Minimum Execution Time (MET), Max-min, Min-min and Sufferage are the heuristic algorithms considered for the performance comparison and analysis of task scheduling in cloud computing.
    Matched MeSH terms: Task Performance and Analysis*
  2. Fulltext A short comparative study on modified Duckworth-Lewis methods
    Asif M, Ahmadian A, Azeem M, Pansera BA
    PLoS One, 2021;16(11):e0259423.
    PMID: 34748588 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259423
    In this paper, the Duckworth-Lewis-Stern (DLS) and Duckworth-Lewis-McHale-Asif (DLMA) methods of revising targets for a team batting in second innings in an interrupted Limited Overs International Cricket (LOI), are examined for fairness. The work discusses four significant points: flexibility, intuition, simplicity, and goodness-of-fit of the two mentioned methods. The research findings have shown that the DLMA method is better in every aspect than the DLS method. Further, the data of 1764 ODI matches played during 2004-2021 to investigate the compatibility of the DLMA for high run-scoring One-Day International matches. The results show that DLMA is compatible to the situation of the well-above run-scoring situation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Task Performance and Analysis*
  3. Fulltext A review of augmented reality systems and their effects on mental workload and task performance
    Jeffri NFS, Awang Rambli DR
    Heliyon, 2021 Mar;7(3):e06277.
    PMID: 33748449 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06277
    Augmented Reality (AR) systems have been shown to positively affect mental workload and task performance across a broad range of application contexts. Despite the interest in mental workload and the increasing number of studies evaluating AR use, an attempt has yet to be made to identify the relationship between the effects of AR on mental workload and task performance. This paper seeks to address this gap in AR technology literature. With a better understanding how AR affects mental workload and task performance, researchers and developers can design more effective AR systems. 34 articles investigating the effects of the use of AR systems were selected for the review. A positive correlation was found between effects on mental workload and effects on task performance: if the effect on mental workload is positive, then the effects on task performance are more likely to be positive as well, and vice versa. Effectiveness of AR systems were shown to be influenced by the type of AR display device used, relevance and timeliness of content, information presentation, user characteristics and task characteristics. Additionally, the paper addresses the use of the concept of mental workload and limitations in current literature.
    Matched MeSH terms: Task Performance and Analysis
  4. Fulltext The role of the occupational health nurse
    Lim HH
    Med J Malaysia, 1982 Mar;37(1):90-5.
    PMID: 7121357
    Matched MeSH terms: Task Performance and Analysis
  5. Fulltext The impact of task characteristics on the performance of nursing teams
    Ahmad Zawawi A, Nasurdin AM
    Int J Nurs Sci, 2017 Jul 10;4(3):285-290.
    PMID: 31406754 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnss.2017.03.009
    Purpose: This study sought to examine the relationship between team task features and team task performance. Team task performance revolved around the team's technical knowledge and the technical core activities of the organization. On the other hand, team task characteristics include task identity, task significance, and task interdependence.

    Methods: This study involved a total of 300 nursing teams (1436 individual nurses) from seven state hospitals in Peninsular Malaysia. Data were collected using two sets of questionnaires which were initially distributed to 320 teams. One set was given to the team members and another set was given to the team leaders. Of the 320 sets sent out, 300 sets were returned. Responses were then combined and aggregated to the team level to get the team's final score. Analyses of the hypotheses were done using Partial Least Squares (PLS) through assessment of the measurement and structural model.

    Results: Results from the path analysis revealed that of the three dimensions of team task attributes, only task significance was positively and significantly related to team task performance (β = 0.076, P > 0.05), while task identity (β = 0.076, P > 0.05) and task interdependence (β = -0.037, P > 0.05) were found unrelated to team task performance.

    Conclusions: This study demonstrated that task significance is important to predict team task performance. Task significance reflects meaningfulness and nobility of tasks, thus elevate the desire to perform better in each assigned task.

    Matched MeSH terms: Task Performance and Analysis
  6. A preliminary investigation on upper limb exoskeleton assistance for simulated agricultural tasks
    Harith HH, Mohd MF, Nai Sowat S
    Appl Ergon, 2021 Sep;95:103455.
    PMID: 33991852 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2021.103455
    Manual harvesting is still prevalent in the agricultural industry. Accordingly, it is one of the largest contributors toward work-related musculoskeletal disorder. The cutting task in oil palm harvesting uses a long pole and involves repetitive and forceful motion of the upper limbs. Exoskeleton technology is increasingly explored to assist manual tasks performance in manufacturing and heavy industries, mainly for reducing discomfort and injuries, and improving productivity. This paper reports an initial investigation on the feasibility of using an upper limb exoskeleton to assist oil palm harvesting tasks. Previous studies highlighted that exoskeletons for agricultural activities should be adaptable to changing field tasks, tools and equipment. The immediate difference in the activity of three muscles were analyzed for a range of harvesting-simulated tasks. Lower activities were observed for tasks involving overhead work when using the prototype. Nevertheless, users' feedback highlighted that its design should be optimized for better acceptance.
    Matched MeSH terms: Task Performance and Analysis
  7. Greater Cognitive Effort for Better Learning: Tailoring an Instructional Design for Learners with Different Levels of Knowledge and Motivation
    Kuldas S, Satyen L, Ismail HN, Hashim S
    Psychol Belg, 2014 Aug 08;54(4):350-373.
    PMID: 30479408 DOI: 10.5334/pb.aw
    The capacity limitation of working memory is a widely recognised determinant of human learning. A cognitive load exceeding the capacity hampers learning. Cognitive load can be controlled by tailoring an instructional design to levels of learner prior knowledge. However, such as design does not necessarily motivate to use the available capacity for better learning. The present review examines literatures on the effects of instructional design, motivation, emotional state, and expertise level on cognitive load and cognitive effort, which ultimately affect working memory performance and learning. This examination suggests further studies on the effects of motivation and negative emotional states on the use of working memory. Prospective findings would help better explain and predict individual differences in the use of working memory for cognitive learning and task performance.
    Matched MeSH terms: Task Performance and Analysis
  8. Fulltext Sharp turning and corner turning: comparison of energy expenditure, gait parameters, and level of fatigue among community-dwelling elderly
    Justine M, Manaf H, Sulaiman A, Razi S, Alias HA
    Biomed Res Int, 2014;2014:640321.
    PMID: 24977154 DOI: 10.1155/2014/640321
    This study compares energy expenditure (EE), gait parameters (GP), and level of fatigue (LOF) between 5-minute walking with sharp turning (ST) and corner turning (CT). Data were obtained from 29 community-dwelling elderly (mean age, 62.7 ± 3.54 years). For 5 minutes, in ST task, participants walked on a 3-meter pathway with 2 cones placed at each end (180° turning), while in CT task, participants walked on a 6-meter pathway with 4 cones placed at 4 corners (90° turning). The physiological cost index, pedometer, and 10-point Modified Borg Dyspnoea Scale were used to measure EE (beats/min), GP (no of steps), and LOF, respectively. Data were analyzed by using independent t-tests. EE during ST (0.62 ± 0.21 beats/min) was significantly higher than CT (0.48 ± 0.17 beats/min) (P < 0.05). GP (434 ± 92.93 steps) and LOF (1.40 ± 1.11) in ST were found to be lower compared to GP (463 ± 92.18 steps) and LOF (1.54 ± 1.34) in CT (All, P > 0.05). Higher EE in ST could be due to the difficulty in changing to a 180° direction, which may involve agility and different turning strategies (step-turn or pivot-turn) to adjust the posture carefully. In CT, participants could choose a step-turn strategy to change to a 90° direction, which was less challenging to postural control.
    Matched MeSH terms: Task Performance and Analysis*
  9. Human energy expenditure in lowland rice cultivation in Malaysia
    Nawi NM, Yahya A, Chen G, Bockari-Gevao SM, Maraseni TN
    J Agric Saf Health, 2012 Jan;18(1):45-56.
    PMID: 22458015
    A study was undertaken to evaluate the human energy consumption of various field operations involved in lowland rice cultivation in Malaysia. Based on recorded average heart rates, fertilizing was found to be the most strenuous operation, with an average heart rate of 138 beats min(-1). There were no significant differences in the average heart rates of the subjects among the individual tasks within the first plowing, second plowing, and harvesting operations, with the average heart rates for these three tasks being 116, 106, and 106 beats min(-1), respectively. The corresponding energy expenditures were 3.90, 3.43, and 3.35 kcal min(-1). Loading the seed into the blower tank and broadcasting the seed were the most critical tasks for the seed broadcasting operation, with average heart rates of 124 and 136 beats min(-1), respectively. The highest energy expenditure of 418.38 kcal ha(-1) was observed for seed broadcasting, and the lowest energy expenditure of 127.96 kcal ha(-1) was for second plowing. The total seasonal human energy expenditure for rice cultivation was estimated to be 5810.71 kcal ha(-1), 55.7% of which was spent on pesticide spraying. Although the sample size in this study was relatively small, the results indicated that human energy expenditure per unit area (kcal ha(-1)) was positively linked to the average heart rate of the subjects and negatively linked to the field capacity. Thus, mechanization of certain tasks could decrease worker physical effort and fatigue and increase production.
    Matched MeSH terms: Task Performance and Analysis*
  10. The relation between upper limb muscle and brain activity in two precision levels of repetitive light tasks
    Zadry HR, Dawal SZ, Taha Z
    Int J Occup Saf Ergon, 2011;17(4):373-84.
    PMID: 22152503
    A study was conducted to investigate the effects of repetitive light tasks of low and high precision on upper limb muscles and brain activities. Surface electromyography (EMG) and electroencephalography (EEG) were used to measure the muscle and brain activity of 10 subjects. The results show that the root-mean-square (RMS) and mean power frquency (MPF) of the muscle activity and the mean power of the EEG alpha bands were higher on the high-precision task than on the low-precision one. There was also a high and significant correlation between upper limb muscle and brain activity during the tasks. The longer the time and the more precise the task, the more the subjects become fatigued both physically and mentally. Thus, these results could be potentially useful in managing fatigue, especially fatique related to muscle and mental workload.
    Matched MeSH terms: Task Performance and Analysis*
  11. Investigating data entry task performance on a laptop under the impact of vibration: the effect of color
    Mallick Z
    Int J Occup Saf Ergon, 2007;13(3):291-303.
    PMID: 17888238
    The last 20 years have seen a tremendous growth in mobile computing and wireless communications and services. An experimental study was conducted to explore the effect of text/background color on a laptop computing system along with variable environmental vibration on operators' data entry task performance in moving automobiles. The operators' performance was measured in terms of the number of characters entered per minute without spaces (NCEPMWS) on a laptop computing system. The subjects were divided into 3 categories, namely, Novices, Intermediates and Experts. Findings suggest a re-evaluation of existing laptop designs taking ergonomics into consideration. It appears that proper selection of text/background color on the laptop coupled with controlled vehicular speed could result in a better quality of interaction between human and laptops and it could also resolve the problem of poor data entry task performance.
    Matched MeSH terms: Task Performance and Analysis*
  12. Development of statistical models for predicting muscle and mental activities during repetitive precision tasks
    Zadry HR, Dawal SZ, Taha Z
    Int J Occup Saf Ergon, 2016 Sep;22(3):374-83.
    PMID: 27053140 DOI: 10.1080/10803548.2016.1150094
    This study was conducted to develop muscle and mental activities on repetitive precision tasks. A laboratory experiment was used to address the objectives. Surface electromyography was used to measure muscle activities from eight upper limb muscles, while electroencephalography recorded mental activities from six channels. Fourteen university students participated in the study. The results show that muscle and mental activities increase for all tasks, indicating the occurrence of muscle and mental fatigue. A linear relationship between muscle activity, mental activity and time was found while subjects were performing the task. Thus, models were developed using those variables. The models were found valid after validation using other students' and workers' data. Findings from this study can contribute as a reference for future studies investigating muscle and mental activity and can be applied in industry as guidelines to manage muscle and mental fatigue, especially to manage job schedules and rotation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Task Performance and Analysis*
  13. Fulltext Morning boost on individuals' psychophysiological wellbeing indicators with supportive, dynamic lighting in windowless open-plan workplace in Malaysia
    Sithravel R, Ibrahim R, Lye MS, Perimal EK, Ibrahim N, Dahlan ND
    PLoS One, 2018;13(11):e0207488.
    PMID: 30496193 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207488
    Workplace architectural lighting conditions that are biologically dim during the day are causing healthy individuals to experience light-induced health and performance-related problems. Dynamic lighting was reported beneficial in supporting individuals' psychological behavior and physiological responses during work period in Europe. It has yet to be investigated in workplaces with minimal/no natural daylight contribution in tropical Malaysia. Hence, an exploratory experimental study was initiated in an experimental windowless open-plan workplace in Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang. The aim was to identify dynamic lighting configurations that were more supportive of a morning boosting effect than the control constant lighting, to support dayshift individuals' psychophysiological wellbeing indicators during the peak morning work period. The immediate impact of a 2-hour morning exposure to overhead white LED (6500 K) with different horizontal illuminance levels and oscillations (lighting patterns) were investigated on physiological indicator limited to urinary 6-sulfatoxymelatonin, and psychological indicators for alertness, mood, visual comfort, cognitive and visual task performance. Not all of the investigated dynamic lighting configurations were supportive of a morning boost. Only configurations 500increased to750 and 500increased to1000 lx therapeutically supported most of the indicators. Both these configurations suppressed urinary 6-sulfatoxymelatonin, and improved alertness, cognitive performance, positive affect, and visual comfort better than 'visit 1: 500constant500' lx (control). The increasing oscillation was observed more beneficial for the morning boost in tropical Malaysia, which is in reverse to that specified in the human rhythmic dynamic lighting protocol developed by researchers from the Netherlands for application during winter. The findings from this study present the feasibility of dynamic architectural lighting acting as an environmental therapeutic solution in supporting the individuals' psychophysiological wellbeing indicators in windowless open-plan workplace in tropical Malaysia. Further investigations on the two prospective configurations are recommended to determine the better supportive one for the morning boosting effect in Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Task Performance and Analysis*
  14. Radiologists’ Performance at Reduced Recall Rates in Mammography: A Laboratory Study
    Mohd Norsuddin N, Mello-Thoms C, Reed W, Lewis S
    Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2019 Feb 26;20(2):537-543.
    PMID: 30803217
    Rationale and objectives: Target recall rates are often used as a performance indicator in mammography screening
    programs with the intention of reducing false positive decisions, over diagnosis and anxiety for participants. However,
    the relationship between target recall rates and cancer detection is unclear, especially when readers are directed to
    adhere to a predetermined rate. The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of setting different recall rates on
    radiologist’s performance. Materials and Methods: Institutional ethics approval was granted and informed consent
    was obtained from each participating radiologist. Five experienced breast imaging radiologists read a single test set
    of 200 mammographic cases (20 abnormal and 180 normal). The radiologists were asked to identify each case that
    they required to be recalled in three different recall conditions; free recall, 15% and 10% and mark the location of any
    suspicious lesions. Results: Wide variability in recall rates was observed when reading at free recall, ranging from
    18.5% to 34.0%. Readers demonstrated significantly reduced performance when reading at prescribed recall rates,
    with lower sensitivity (H=12.891, P=0.002), case location sensitivity (H=12.512, P=0.002) and ROC AUC (H=11.601,
    P=0.003) albeit with an increased specificity (H=12.704, P=0.002). However, no significant changes were evident in
    lesion location sensitivity (H=1.982, P=0.371) and JAFROC FOM (H=1.820, P=0.403). Conclusion: In this laboratory
    study, reducing the number of recalled cases to 10% significantly reduced radiologists’ performance with lower detection
    sensitivity, although a significant improvement in specificity was observed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Task Performance and Analysis*
  15. Fulltext Ergonomic task analysis in electronics industries: some case studies
    Tan GL
    J Hum Ergol (Tokyo), 1996 Jun;25(1):49-62.
    PMID: 9551132 DOI: 10.11183/jhe1972.25.38
    The analyses of a few tasks were carried out in an electronics factory. The main objectives are to identify the ergonomic and biomechanical hazards of problem work tasks, to analyze each task systematically in order to evaluate the workers' exposures to the risk factors of force, posture pressure and repetition and to make recommendations to reduce the risks and hazards. The methodology includes objective measures--detailed analysis by going through training manuals, job description and production records. Subjective measures include interviewing the operator and supervisors informally, the operators were also required to fill in a structured questionnaire. The paper concludes by making recommendations to reduce the ergonomic hazards by engineering solutions, redesign or administrative controls or the implementation of procedures.
    Matched MeSH terms: Task Performance and Analysis*
  16. Time course of inhibition of return in a spatial cueing paradigm with distractors
    Eng V, Lim A, Janssen SMJ, Satel J
    Acta Psychol (Amst), 2018 Feb;183:51-57.
    PMID: 29328938 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2017.12.011
    Studies of endogenous and exogenous attentional orienting in spatial cueing paradigms have been used to investigate inhibition of return, a behavioral phenomenon characterized by delayed reaction time in response to recently attended locations. When eye movements are suppressed, attention is covertly oriented to central or peripheral stimuli. Overt orienting, on the other hand, requires explicit eye movements to the stimuli. The present study examined the time course of slowed reaction times to previously attended locations when distractors are introduced into overt and covert orienting tasks. In a series of experiments, manual responses were required to targets following central and peripheral cues at three different cue-target intervals, with and without activated oculomotor systems. The results demonstrate that, when eye movements are suppressed, behavioral inhibition is reduced or delayed in magnitude by the presence of a distractor relative to conditions without distractors. However, the time course of behavioral inhibition when eye movements are required remains similar with or without distractors.
    Matched MeSH terms: Task Performance and Analysis*
  17. Feature extraction and classification for EEG signals using wavelet transform and machine learning techniques
    Amin HU, Malik AS, Ahmad RF, Badruddin N, Kamel N, Hussain M, et al.
    Australas Phys Eng Sci Med, 2015 Mar;38(1):139-49.
    PMID: 25649845 DOI: 10.1007/s13246-015-0333-x
    This paper describes a discrete wavelet transform-based feature extraction scheme for the classification of EEG signals. In this scheme, the discrete wavelet transform is applied on EEG signals and the relative wavelet energy is calculated in terms of detailed coefficients and the approximation coefficients of the last decomposition level. The extracted relative wavelet energy features are passed to classifiers for the classification purpose. The EEG dataset employed for the validation of the proposed method consisted of two classes: (1) the EEG signals recorded during the complex cognitive task--Raven's advance progressive metric test and (2) the EEG signals recorded in rest condition--eyes open. The performance of four different classifiers was evaluated with four performance measures, i.e., accuracy, sensitivity, specificity and precision values. The accuracy was achieved above 98 % by the support vector machine, multi-layer perceptron and the K-nearest neighbor classifiers with approximation (A4) and detailed coefficients (D4), which represent the frequency range of 0.53-3.06 and 3.06-6.12 Hz, respectively. The findings of this study demonstrated that the proposed feature extraction approach has the potential to classify the EEG signals recorded during a complex cognitive task by achieving a high accuracy rate.
    Matched MeSH terms: Task Performance and Analysis
  18. Ergonomic evaluation of postural stress in school workshop
    Hashim AM, Dawal SZ, Yusoff N
    Work, 2012;41 Suppl 1:827-31.
    PMID: 22316824 DOI: 10.3233/WOR-2012-0249-827
    The objective of this study is to compare the evaluation of postural analysis between a self-report questionnaire and physical assessments methods for students aged 13 to 15 years old in school workshop. 336 students were volunteered as participants to fill in the questionnaire and being observed in the workshop. Total of 104 positions were selected and analyzed while students performing their tasks. Questionnaire data was examined to specify the prevalence of postural stress symptoms. The relationship of postural stress by physical assessment methods (RULA and REBA methods) was defined to identify the risk level of students' working posture. From the results, comparison of four factors categorized from total of 22 questions among ages, the mean values were lower for 13 years old students meaning that they were faced higher posture problems while using the workstation. The obtained results from both physical assessment methods and questionnaire analysis have identified 13 years old students faced higher risk exposure. Analysis results emphasized the fact that self-reports questionnaire method has almost accurate as postural evaluation methods to identify physical risks in workplace. The result also shows that an intervention is needed to overcome the posture problems.
    Matched MeSH terms: Task Performance and Analysis
  19. Is talking to an automated teller machine natural and fun?
    Chan FY, Khalid HM
    Ergonomics, 2003 Oct-Nov;46(13-14):1386-407.
    PMID: 14612327
    Usability and affective issues of using automatic speech recognition technology to interact with an automated teller machine (ATM) are investigated in two experiments. The first uncovered dialogue patterns of ATM users for the purpose of designing the user interface for a simulated speech ATM system. Applying the Wizard-of-Oz methodology, multiple mapping and word spotting techniques, the speech driven ATM accommodates bilingual users of Bahasa Melayu and English. The second experiment evaluates the usability of a hybrid speech ATM, comparing it with a simulated manual ATM. The aim is to investigate how natural and fun can talking to a speech ATM be for these first-time users. Subjects performed the withdrawal and balance enquiry tasks. The ANOVA was performed on the usability and affective data. The results showed significant differences between systems in the ability to complete the tasks as well as in transaction errors. Performance was measured on the time taken by subjects to complete the task and the number of speech recognition errors that occurred. On the basis of user emotions, it can be said that the hybrid speech system enabled pleasurable interaction. Despite the limitations of speech recognition technology, users are set to talk to the ATM when it becomes available for public use.
    Matched MeSH terms: Task Performance and Analysis
  20. Fulltext Visualizing hyperactivation in neurodegeneration based on prefrontal oxygenation: a comparative study of mild alzheimer's disease, mild cognitive impairment, and healthy controls
    Yap KH, Ung WC, Ebenezer EGM, Nordin N, Chin PS, Sugathan S, et al.
    Front Aging Neurosci, 2017;9:287.
    PMID: 28919856 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2017.00287
    Background: Cognitive performance is relatively well preserved during early cognitive impairment owing to compensatory mechanisms. Methods: We explored functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) alongside a semantic verbal fluency task (SVFT) to investigate any compensation exhibited by the prefrontal cortex (PFC) in Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and mild Alzheimer's disease (AD). In addition, a group of healthy controls (HC) was studied. A total of 61 volunteers (31 HC, 12 patients with MCI and 18 patients with mild AD) took part in the present study. Results: Although not statistically significant, MCI exhibited a greater mean activation of both the right and left PFC, followed by HC and mild AD. Analysis showed that in the left PFC, the time taken for HC to achieve the activation level was shorter than MCI and mild AD (p = 0.0047 and 0.0498, respectively); in the right PFC, mild AD took a longer time to achieve the activation level than HC and MCI (p = 0.0469 and 0.0335, respectively); in the right PFC, HC, and MCI demonstrated a steeper slope compared to mild AD (p = 0.0432 and 0. 0107, respectively). The results were, however, not significant when corrected by the Bonferroni-Holm method. There was also found to be a moderately positive correlation (R = 0.5886) between the oxygenation levels in the left PFC and a clinical measure [Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score] in MCI subjects uniquely. Discussion: The hyperactivation in MCI coupled with a better SVFT performance may suggest neural compensation, although it is not known to what degree hyperactivation manifests as a potential indicator of compensatory mechanisms. However, hypoactivation plus a poorer SVFT performance in mild AD might indicate an inability to compensate due to the degree of structural impairment. Conclusion: Consistent with the scaffolding theory of aging and cognition, the task-elicited hyperactivation in MCI might reflect the presence of compensatory mechanisms and hypoactivation in mild AD could reflect an inability to compensate. Future studies will investigate the fNIRS parameters with a larger sample size, and their validity as prognostic biomarkers of neurodegeneration.
    Matched MeSH terms: Task Performance and Analysis
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