Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 22 in total

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  1. Loading effect of aluminum hydroxide onto them mechanical, thermal conductivity, acoustical and burning properties of the palm-based polyurethane composites
    Nor Rabbi’atul ‘Adawiyah Norzali, Khairiah Badri, Mohd Zaki Nuawi
    Sains Malaysiana, 2011;40:1179-1186.
    Effects of aluminium hydroxide (ATH) addition on the properties of palm-based polyurethane composites were investigated. The hybrid composites were prepared by mixing 10 wt% of oil palm empty fruit bunch fiber (EFB) with ATH at varying amount of 2, 4 and 6 wt% of the overall mass of the resin. The compression stress and modulus gave the highest values of 575 and 2301 kPa, respectively at 2 wt% loading of ATH. The compression stress and modulus decreased drastically at 4 wt% (431 kPa and 1659 kPa, respectively) and further decreased at 6 wt% ATH (339 and 1468 kPa, respectively). However, the burning rate is inversely proportional to the loading percentage where the highest burning rate was observed at 2 wt% ATH. Sound absorption analysis indicated a large absorption coefficient at high frequency (4000 Hz) for all samples. The highest absorption coefficient was obtained from PU-EFB/ATH with 4 wt% ATH.
    Matched MeSH terms: Aluminum Hydroxide
  2. Fulltext In vitro inhibition of histamine release behavior of cetirizine intercalated into Zn/Al- and Mg/Al-layered double hydroxides
    Hussein-Al-Ali SH, Al-Qubaisi M, Hussein MZ, Ismail M, Zainal Z, Hakim MN
    Int J Mol Sci, 2012;13(5):5899-916.
    PMID: 22754339 DOI: 10.3390/ijms13055899
    The intercalation of cetirizine into two types of layered double hydroxides, Zn/Al and Mg/Al, has been investigated by the ion exchange method to form CTZAN and CTMAN nanocomposites, respectively. The basal spacing of the nanocomposites were expanded to 31.9 Å for CTZAN and 31.2 Å for CTMAN, suggesting that cetirizine anion was intercalated into Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) and arranged in a tilted bilayer fashion. A Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) study supported the formation of both the nanocomposites, and the intercalated cetirizine is thermally more stable than its counterpart in free state. The loading of cetirizine in the nanocomposite was estimated to be about 57.2% for CTZAN and 60.7% CTMAN. The cetirizine release from the nanocomposites show sustained release manner and the release rate of cetirizine from CTZAN and CTMAN nanocomposites at pH 7.4 is remarkably lower than that at pH 4.8, presumably due to the different release mechanism. The inhibition of histamine release from RBL2H3 cells by the free cetirizine is higher than the intercalated cetirizine both in CTZAN and CTMAN nanocomposites. The viability in human Chang liver cells at 1000 μg/mL for CTZAN and CTMAN nanocomposites are 74.5 and 91.9%, respectively.
    Matched MeSH terms: Aluminum Hydroxide/pharmacology*; Aluminum Hydroxide/chemistry
  3. Fulltext Selection of various coagulants for sugar industry waste water treatment
    Nur Shazweena Samsudin, Jami, Mohammed Saedi, Kabbashi, Nassereldeen Ahmed
    Biological and Natural Resources Engineering Journal, 2019;2(1):1-9.
    MyJurnal
    sugar industry is one of the industries that produce a high amount of
    pollutant since its wastewater contains high amount of organic material, biochemical
    oxygen demand (bod) and chemical oxygen demand (cod). if this waste is
    discharged without a proper treatment into the watercourse, it can cause problem to aquatic
    life and environment. for the primary treatment process, sugar wastewater can be treated
    by using chemical precipitation method which involves coagulation process. currently,
    ferric chloride has been used as the coagulant but it consumes more alkalinity and
    corrosive. in this study, the suitable coagulant to be used to treat the wastewater from sugar
    industry and the optimum conditions to achieve high percentage removal of cod was
    determined. the characteristic of the wastewater was firstly determined. then, the most
    suitable coagulant to be used for the treatment was studied by determining their efficiency
    to reduce cod and tss in the wastewater at different dosages. aluminium sulphate
    (alum), ferric chloride and polyaluminium chloride (pac) were chosen to be studied for
    suitable coagulant. The optimum condition of the coagulant (ph, coagulant dosage, fast
    mixing speed) was determined by using design expert software. results showed that alum
    can be used to effectively remove 42.9% of cod and 100% of tss at high dosage (50
    mg/l). the optimum condition of alum was at ph 5.2, 10 mg/l of alum and 250 rpm of
    mixing speed. this shows that at optimum condition, alum can be used to treat wastewater
    from sugar industry.
    Matched MeSH terms: Aluminum Hydroxide
  4. Removal of Cd2+ from aqueous solution using MgAICO3-layered double hydroxide
    Nurul lzza Taib, Norzuyanti Mohd Aris
    Scientific Research Journal, 2011;8(2):13-31.
    MyJurnal
    Anion clay hydrotalcite MgA1C0 3 with a Mg/A1 molar ratio of 3:1 was synthesized by co-precipitation at room temperature and pressure. The physicochemical properties were evaluated using Powder X-Ray Diffraction (PXRD), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). The efficacy of anion clay hydrotalcite in the removal ofCcf- from aqueous solutions was investigated with respect to contact time, initial concentration, pH, adsorbent dosage and temperature. The Cd2- removal increased with the increased in contact time, adsorbent dosage, pH and initial concentration. Adsorption decreases with increasing initial concentration and temperature, for which the latter is indicative of an exothermic process. The equilibrium adsorption capacity of MgA1C0 3 was evaluated using linear Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms with respect to the separation factor, RL.
    Matched MeSH terms: Aluminum Hydroxide
  5. Effect of aluminum hydroxide loading on the compression stress and modulus, thermal conductivity and acoustic properties of palm-based polyurethane hybrid composite
    Nor Rabbi’atul ‘Adawiyah Norzali, Khairiah Badri, Mohd Zaki Nuawi
    Sains Malaysiana, 2011;40.
    The effect of adding aluminum hydroxide (ATH) in the palm-based polyurethane hybrid composite was studied. The compression stress and modulus, thermal conductivity and acoustic property were determined. The hybrid composite was prepared by adding 10 wt% of oil palm empty fruit bunch fibre (EFB) followed by ATH at varying amount of 2, 4 and 6 wt% of the overall mass of the resin. The compression stress and modulus gave the highest values of 575 kPa and 2301 kPa, respectively at 2 wt% ATH. At 4 wt% ATH, the compression stress and modulus decreased to 431 kPa and 1659 kPa, respectively and further decreased at 6 wt% ATH to 339 kPa and 1468 kPa respectively. The k-value increased with the increment of the ATH loading exhibited a poor thermal conductivity. Sound absorption analysis indicated that the absorption coefficient was higher at higher frequency (4000 Hz) for all samples with PU-EFB/ATH with 4% ATH showed the highest absorption coefficient.
    Matched MeSH terms: Aluminum Hydroxide
  6. Some of the properties of flame retardant medium density fiberboard made from rubberwood and recycled containers containing aluminum trihydroxide
    Hashim R, How LS, Kumar RN, Sulaiman O
    Bioresour Technol, 2005 Nov;96(16):1826-31.
    PMID: 16051090
    The flame retardancy of medium density fiberboard (MDF) made from mixture of rubberwood fibers and recycled old corrugated containers was studied. Aluminum trihydroxide (ATH) was used as a fire retardant additive and mixed with the fibers to manufacture experimental MDF panels using wet process. Phenol formaldehyde (PF) resin in liquid, 2% based on oven dry weight of fibers, was used along with 0%, 10%, 15% and 20% of ATH. The flame retardant test was done using the limiting oxygen index (LOI) test. The other properties investigated include internal bond strength, thickness swelling and water absorption. The results showed that ATH loading increased as the LOI of MDF increased. This demonstrated that ATH could improved the fire retardant property of MDF at sufficient loading. An increase in concentration of ATH showed an increase in the IB values of MDF made without resin. MDF panels made without resin showed a progressive increase in internal bond as the composition of recycled old corrugated containers fiber increased. Addition of resin improved internal bond strength and reduced thickness swelling, and water absorption. Thickness swelling of panel increased as the composition of recycled old corrugated containers fiber increased. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX) showed that there is indication of ATH and resin filling the void space in between fibers.
    Matched MeSH terms: Aluminum Hydroxide/chemistry*
  7. Synthesis of 4-chlorophenoxyacetate-zinc-aluminium-layered double hydroxide nanocomposite: physico-chemical and controlled release properties
    Hussein MZ, Sarijo SH, Yahaya AH, Zainal Z
    J Nanosci Nanotechnol, 2007 Aug;7(8):2852-62.
    PMID: 17685307
    Layered organic-inorganic hybrid nanocomposite material was synthesised using 4-chlorophenoxyacetate (4CPA) as guest anion intercalated into the Zn-Al layered double hydroxide inorganic host by direct co-precipitation method at pH = 7.5 and Zn to Al molar ratio of 4. Both PXRD and FTIR results confirmed that the 4CPA was successfully intercalated into the Zn-AI-LDH interlayer. As a result, a well-ordered nanolayered organic-inorganic hybrid nanocomposite, with the expansion of the basal spacing from 8.9 angstroms in the layered double hydroxide to 20.1 angstroms in the resulting nanocomposite was observed. The FTIR spectrum of the nanocomposite (ZAC) showed that it composed spectral features of Zn-AI-LDH (ZAL) and 4CPA. The nanocomposites synthesized in this work are of mesoporous-type containing 39.8% (w/w) of 4CPA with mole fraction of Al3+ in the inorganic brucite-like layers (xAI) of 0.224. The release studies showed a rapid release of the 4CPA for the first 600 min, and more sustained thereafter. The total amount of 4CPA released from the nanocomposite interlayer into the aqueous solution were 21%, 66%, and 72% in 0.0001, 0.00025, and 0.0005 M sodium carbonate, respectively. In distilled water, about 75, 35, and 57% of 4CPA could be released in 1000 min, when the pH of the release media was set at 3, 6.25, and 12, respectively. In comparison with a structurally similar organic moiety with one more chlorine atom at the 2-position of the aromatic ring, namely 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetate (24D), the 4CPA showed a slower release rate. The slightly bulkier organic moiety of 24D together with the presence of chlorine atom at the 2-position presumably had contributed to its higher release rate, and it seems that these factors may be exploited for tuning the release rate of intercalated guest anions with similar properties. This study suggests that layered double hydroxide can be used as a carrier for an active agent and the chemical structure of the intercalated moiety can be used to tune the desired release kinetics of the beneficial agent.
    Matched MeSH terms: Aluminum Hydroxide/chemistry
  8. A tannin-based agent for coagulation and flocculation of municipal wastewater: Chemical composition, performance assessment compared to Polyaluminum chloride, and application in a pilot plant
    Hameed YT, Idris A, Hussain SA, Abdullah N
    J Environ Manage, 2016 Dec 15;184(Pt 3):494-503.
    PMID: 27789092 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.10.033
    Chemical composition and flocculation efficiency were investigated for a commercially produced tannin - based coagulant and flocculant (Tanfloc). The results of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDX) confirmed what claimed about the chemical composition of Tanfloc. For moderate polluted municipal wastewater investigated in both jar test and pilot plant, Tanfloc showed high turbidity removal efficiency of approximately 90%, while removal efficiencies of BOD5 and COD were around 60%. According to floc size distribution, Tanfloc was able to show distinct performance compared to Polyaluminum chloride (PAC). While 90% of flocs produced by Tanfloc were smaller than 144 micron, they were smaller than 96 micron for PAC. Practically, zeta potential measurement showed the cationic nature of Tanfloc and suggested coincidence of charge neutralization and another flocculation mechanism (bridging or patch flocculation). Sludge Volumetric Index (SVI) measurements were in agreement with the numbers found in the literature, and they were less than 160 mL/g. Calcium cation as flocculation aid showed significant improvement of flocculation efficiency compared to other cations. Finally Tanfloc showed competing performance compared to PAC in terms of turbidity, BOD5 and COD removal, floc size and sludge characteristics.
    Matched MeSH terms: Aluminum Hydroxide/chemistry*
  9. Fulltext Development of a biocompatible nanodelivery system for tuberculosis drugs based on isoniazid-Mg/Al layered double hydroxide
    Saifullah B, Arulselvan P, El Zowalaty ME, Fakurazi S, Webster TJ, Geilich BM, et al.
    Int J Nanomedicine, 2014;9:4749-62.
    PMID: 25336952 DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S63608
    The primary challenge in finding a treatment for tuberculosis (TB) is patient non-compliance to treatment due to long treatment duration, high dosing frequency, and adverse effects of anti-TB drugs. This study reports on the development of a nanodelivery system that intercalates the anti-TB drug isoniazid into Mg/Al layered double hydroxides (LDHs). Isoniazid was found to be released in a sustained manner from the novel nanodelivery system in humans in simulated phosphate buffer solutions at pH 4.8 and pH 7.4. The nanodelivery formulation was highly biocompatible compared to free isoniazid against human normal lung and 3T3 mouse fibroblast cells. The formulation was active against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and gram-positive bacteria and gram-negative bacteria. Thus results show significant promise for the further study of these nanocomposites for the treatment of TB.
    Matched MeSH terms: Aluminum Hydroxide/toxicity; Aluminum Hydroxide/chemistry*
  10. Fulltext A randomized controlled phase 2 trial of the blood stage AMA1-C1/Alhydrogel malaria vaccine in children in Mali
    Sagara I, Dicko A, Ellis RD, Fay MP, Diawara SI, Assadou MH, et al.
    Vaccine, 2009 May 18;27(23):3090-8.
    PMID: 19428923 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.03.014
    A double blind, randomized, controlled Phase 2 clinical trial was conducted to assess the safety, immunogenicity, and biologic impact of the vaccine candidate Apical Membrane Antigen 1-Combination 1 (AMA1-C1), adjuvanted with Alhydrogel. Participants were healthy children 2-3 years old living in or near the village of Bancoumana, Mali. A total of 300 children received either the study vaccine or the comparator. No impact of vaccination was seen on the primary endpoint, the frequency of parasitemia measured as episodes >3000/microL/day at risk. There was a negative impact of vaccination on the hemoglobin level during clinical malaria, and mean incidence of hemoglobin <8.5 g/dL, in the direction of lower hemoglobin in the children who received AMA1-C1, although these differences were not significant after correction for multiple tests. These differences were not seen in the second year of transmission.
    Matched MeSH terms: Aluminum Hydroxide/immunology; Aluminum Hydroxide/therapeutic use
  11. Fulltext Comparative study of Mg/Al- and Zn/Al-layered double hydroxide-perindopril erbumine nanocomposites for inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme
    Hussein Al Ali SH, Al-Qubaisi M, Hussein MZ, Ismail M, Zainal Z, Hakim MN
    Int J Nanomedicine, 2012;7:4251-62.
    PMID: 22904631 DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S32267
    The intercalation of a drug active, perindopril, into Mg/Al-layered double hydroxide for the formation of a new nanocomposite, PMAE, was accomplished using a simple ion exchange technique. A relatively high loading percentage of perindopril of about 36.5% (w/w) indicates that intercalation of the active took place in the Mg/Al inorganic interlayer. Intercalation was further supported by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and thermal analysis shows markedly enhanced thermal stability of the active. The release of perindopril from the nanocomposite occurred in a controlled manner governed by pseudo-second order kinetics. MTT assay showed no cytotoxicity effects from either Mg/Al-layered double hydroxide or its nanocomposite, PMAE. Mg/Al-layered double hydroxide showed angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory activity, with 5.6% inhibition after 90 minutes of incubation. On incubation of angiotensin-converting enzyme with 0.5 μg/mL of the PMAE nanocomposite, inhibition of the enzyme increased from 56.6% to 70.6% at 30 and 90 minutes, respectively. These results are comparable with data reported in the literature for Zn/Al-perindopril.
    Matched MeSH terms: Aluminum Hydroxide/pharmacokinetics; Aluminum Hydroxide/pharmacology*; Aluminum Hydroxide/chemistry
  12. Fulltext Editorial: simultaneous, prolonged monitoring of the acid pocket and oesophageal reflux. Authors' reply
    Ma ZF, Deraman MA, Coyle C, Lee YY
    Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 2020 07;52(2):398-399.
    PMID: 32592257 DOI: 10.1111/apt.15835
    Matched MeSH terms: Aluminum Hydroxide
  13. Fulltext Effect of protocatechuic acid-layered double hydroxide nanoparticles on diethylnitrosamine/phenobarbital-induced hepatocellular carcinoma in mice
    Gani SA, Muhammad SA, Kura AU, Barahuie F, Hussein MZ, Fakurazi S
    PLoS One, 2019;14(5):e0217009.
    PMID: 31141523 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0217009
    Researchers investigating cancer chemotherapy and management continue to search for agents that selectively kill malignant cells and leave healthy neighboring cells intact. Natural products provide relevant resources for anti-cancer drug discovery. However, the physicochemical properties of these compounds limit their efficient uptake and bioavailability. We introduced a nanocarrier system, namely, zinc-aluminum-layered double hydroxide (ZnAl-LDH) intercalated with protocatechuic acid. In this study, the efficacy and toxicity of protocatechuic acid intercalated in zinc aluminum-layered double hydroxide nanoparticles (PCA-ZnAl) against diethylnitrosamine/phenobarbital (DEN/PB)-induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in BALB/c mice was evaluated. HCC in male mice was induced by a single-dose intraperitoneal administration of DEN and was promoted by the introduction of PB via drinking water for 12 weeks. HCC induction was confirmed after the DEN/PB introduction period by measurement of the elevated level of serum α-feto protein (AFP). The results showed that the level of α-fetoprotein was significantly reduced in PCA-ZnAl (350±43.90 ng/mL), doxorubicin (DOX) (290±20.52 ng/mL) and ZnAl-LDH (390±19.65 ng/mL) treated animals compared to HCC mice treated with normal saline (580.4± 52.04 ng/mL). Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione (GSH) levels were significantly increased, whereas the level of lipid peroxidation was significantly decreased in HCC mice treated with DOX, PCA-ZnAl and ZnAl-LDH compared with those in HCC mice treated with saline. Restoration of hepatocyte morphology was observed following treatment that was comparable to that in the normal control group. Deterioration of hepatic cells and a significant increase of aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were observed in the cancer-induced untreated group compared with that in the groups treated with nanoparticles. The histopathological features of the liver obtained from PCA-ZnAl-treated mice showed a uniform size with a similar distribution of the nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio and nucleus centrally located in the cytoplasm, similar to the normal liver cells. The results underscored the potential of PCA-ZnAl for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.
    Matched MeSH terms: Aluminum Hydroxide
  14. Controlled release of a plant growth regulator, alpha-naphthaleneacetate from the lamella of Zn-Al-layered double hydroxide nanocomposite
    bin Hussein MZ, Zainal Z, Yahaya AH, Foo DW
    J Control Release, 2002 Aug 21;82(2-3):417-27.
    PMID: 12175754
    Formation of the so-called organic-inorganic nanohybrid material was exploited for the preparation of a controlled release formulation. The inorganic Zn-Al-layered double hydroxide (LDH) was used as a matrix, hosting an active agent or a guest, alpha-naphthaleneacetate (NAA), a plant growth regulator by self-assembly technique. The reverse process, i.e., the deintercalation or release of the guest, NAA was found to be rapid initially, followed by a more sustained release thereafter and this behavior was dependent on the pH of the release medium, the aqueous solution. The mechanism of release has been interpreted on the basis of the ion-exchange process between the NAA anion intercalated in the lamella host and nitrate or hydroxyl anions in the aqueous solution.
    Matched MeSH terms: Aluminum Hydroxide/chemistry*
  15. Mesoporous silica from batik sludge impregnated with aluminum hydroxide for the removal of bisphenol A and ibuprofen
    Choong CE, Ibrahim S, Basirun WJ
    J Colloid Interface Sci, 2019 Apr 01;541:12-17.
    PMID: 30682589 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.01.071
    The present study reports the removal of Bisphenol A (BPA) and Ibuprofen (IBP) using adsorbents prepared from batik sludge. The calcite sludge-aluminum hydroxide (CAl) adsorbent was prepared by calcination and followed by aluminum hydroxide impregnation. The batik sludge and prepared adsorbents were characterized by FESEM, TGA, XRD, FTIR and BET techniques. The maximum adsorption capacity, adsorption time, different initial solution pH, ionic strength and regeneration study of the adsorbents were also investigated. Furthermore, the sorption behavior of the pollutants were studied by the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. The deposition of Al(OH)3 enhanced the BPA and IBP adsorption capacity on the CAl surface. The maximum removal capacity of BPA and Ibuprofen were 83.53 mg g-1 and 34.96 mg g-1 for the CAl adsorbent. In addition, the kinetic data for BPA and IBP were fitted to the pseudo first order, pseudo second order, Elovich, parabolic diffusion and power function equations to understand the sorption behavior. The adsorption behavior of BPA and IBP was mainly chemisorption. This study shows that CAl is a promising adsorbent for the removal of BPA and IBP.
    Matched MeSH terms: Aluminum Hydroxide/chemistry*
  16. Uranium in well drinking water of Kabul, Afghanistan and its effective, low-cost depuration using Mg-Fe based hydrotalcite-like compounds
    Kato M, Azimi MD, Fayaz SH, Shah MD, Hoque MZ, Hamajima N, et al.
    Chemosphere, 2016 Dec;165:27-32.
    PMID: 27619645 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.08.124
    Toxic elements in drinking water have great effects on human health. However, there is very limited information about toxic elements in drinking water in Afghanistan. In this study, levels of 10 elements (chromium, nickel, copper, arsenic, cadmium, antimony, barium, mercury, lead and uranium) in 227 well drinking water samples in Kabul, Afghanistan were examined for the first time. Chromium (in 0.9% of the 227 samples), arsenic (7.0%) and uranium (19.4%) exceeded the values in WHO health-based guidelines for drinking-water quality. Maximum chromium, arsenic and uranium levels in the water samples were 1.3-, 10.4- and 17.2-fold higher than the values in the guidelines, respectively. We next focused on uranium, which is the most seriously polluted element among the 10 elements. Mean ± SD (138.0 ± 1.4) of the (238)U/(235)U isotopic ratio in the water samples was in the range of previously reported ratios for natural source uranium. We then examined the effect of our originally developed magnesium (Mg)-iron (Fe)-based hydrotalcite-like compounds (MF-HT) on adsorption for uranium. All of the uranium-polluted well water samples from Kabul (mean ± SD = 190.4 ± 113.9 μg/L; n = 11) could be remediated up to 1.2 ± 1.7 μg/L by 1% weight of our MF-HT within 60 s at very low cost (<0.001 cents/day/family) in theory. Thus, we demonstrated not only elevated levels of some toxic elements including natural source uranium but also an effective depurative for uranium in well drinking water from Kabul. Since our depurative is effective for remediation of arsenic as shown in our previous studies, its practical use in Kabul may be encouraged.
    Matched MeSH terms: Aluminum Hydroxide/pharmacology; Aluminum Hydroxide/chemistry*
  17. Fulltext The Impact of Magnesium-Aluminum-Layered Double Hydroxide-Based Polyvinyl Alcohol Coated on Magnetite on the Preparation of Core-Shell Nanoparticles as a Drug Delivery Agent
    Ebadi M, Buskaran K, Saifullah B, Fakurazi S, Hussein MZ
    Int J Mol Sci, 2019 Aug 01;20(15).
    PMID: 31374834 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20153764
    One of the current developments in drug research is the controlled release formulation of drugs, which can be released in a controlled manner at a specific target in the body. Due to the diverse physical and chemical properties of various drugs, a smart drug delivery system is highly sought after. The present study aimed to develop a novel drug delivery system using magnetite nanoparticles as the core and coated with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), a drug 5-fluorouracil (5FU) and Mg-Al-layered double hydroxide (MLDH) for the formation of FPVA-FU-MLDH nanoparticles. The existence of the coated nanoparticles was supported by various physico-chemical analyses. In addition, the drug content, kinetics, and mechanism of drug release also were studied. 5-fluorouracil (5FU) was found to be released in a controlled manner from the nanoparticles at pH = 4.8 (representing the cancerous cellular environment) and pH = 7.4 (representing the blood environment), governed by pseudo-second-order kinetics. The cytotoxicity study revealed that the anticancer delivery system of FPVA-FU-MLDH nanoparticles showed much better anticancer activity than the free drug, 5FU, against liver cancer and HepG2 cells, and at the same time, it was found to be less toxic to the normal fibroblast 3T3 cells.
    Matched MeSH terms: Aluminum Hydroxide/chemistry*
  18. Self-assembled nanocomposite of organic-inorganic hybrid: 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetate in Zn-Al hydrotalcite-like layers
    Hussein MZ, Mohd Amin JB, Zainal Z, Yahaya AH
    J Nanosci Nanotechnol, 2002 Apr;2(2):143-6.
    PMID: 12908300
    Hydrotalcite-like inorganic layers of Zn-Al, a host containing an organic moiety, 2,4-dichlorophenoxy-acetate, as a guest, was prepared by the spontaneous self-assembly method from an aqueous solution for the formation of a new layered organic-inorganic hybrid nanocomposite material. In this synthesis, the host- and guest-forming species were simultaneously included in the mother liquor, aged, and separated. Various Zn/Al ratios (R = 2, 3, and 4), concentrations of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (0.03-0.1 M), and pH (7 and 10) were studied to optimize the formation of the layered nancomposite. It was found that the optimum conditions for the formation of the nanocomposite were R = 4, pH 7, and concentration of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid = 0.08 M. X-ray diffraction shows that this sample affords a nanolayered structure with a basal spacing of 24.6 A.
    Matched MeSH terms: Aluminum Hydroxide/chemistry*
  19. Fulltext Randomised clinical trial: the effectiveness of Gaviscon Advance vs non-alginate antacid in suppression of acid pocket and post-prandial reflux in obese individuals after late-night supper
    Deraman MA, Abdul Hafidz MI, Lawenko RM, Ma ZF, Wong MS, Coyle C, et al.
    Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 2020 06;51(11):1014-1021.
    PMID: 32343001 DOI: 10.1111/apt.15746
    BACKGROUND: Late-night supper increases the risk of postprandial reflux from the acid pocket especially in obesity. An alginate-based, raft-forming medication may be useful for obese patients with GERD.

    AIMS: To compare the efficacy of Gaviscon Advance (Reckitt Benckiser, UK) and a non-alginate antacid in post-supper suppression of the acid pocket and post-prandial reflux among obese participants.

    METHODS: Participants underwent 48 h wireless and probe-based pH-metry recording of the acid pocket and lower oesophagus, respectively, and were randomised to single post-supper (10 pm) dose of either Gaviscon Advance or a non-alginate antacid on the second night. Primary outcomes were suppression of median pH of acid pocket and lower oesophagus, measured every 10-minutes post-supper for 1 h. Secondary outcomes were suppression of % time pH 

    Matched MeSH terms: Aluminum Hydroxide/therapeutic use*
  20. Fulltext Immunogenicity and Safety of the AS04-adjuvanted Human Papillomavirus-16/18 Cervical Cancer Vaccine in Malaysian Women Aged 18-35 years: A Randomized Controlled Trial
    Lim BK, Ng KY, Omar J, Omar SZ, Gunapalaiah B, Teoh YL, et al.
    Med J Malaysia, 2014 Feb;69(1):2-8.
    PMID: 24814620
    INTRODUCTION: Cervical cancer is the third most common cancer in women worldwide. The HPV-16/18 AS04- adjuvanted vaccine (Cervarix©) has previously been shown to be highly immunogenic with a clinically acceptable safety profile. This phase IIIb, double-blind, randomized (1:1) and placebo controlled trial (NCT00345878) was designed to evaluate the vaccine immunogenicity against HPV-16 and HPV-18 as well as its safety and reactogenicity in Malaysian women.

    METHODS: Healthy women aged 18-35 years received intramuscularly three doses of either the vaccine (HPV group) or aluminium hydroxide (ALU group) at 0, 1, and 6 months. Antibody titers were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

    RESULTS: A total of 271 eligible subjects were enrolled and 266 subjects completed the study. Initially seronegative subjects in the HPV group showed 100% seroconversion one month post-dose-3 for anti HPV-16 and anti-HPV-18 antibodies with geometric mean titers of 11107.5 (95% CI: 9727.3-12683.4) EL.U/mL and 4273.5 (95% CI: 3771.8-4841.9) EL.U/mL, respectively. Over 96% of subjects in both groups received all three vaccine doses. Solicited local (pain) and general symptoms (myalgia, fatigue, arthralgia and headache) were commonly reported in both HPV and ALU groups. Eight serious adverse events were reported throughout the study (five in the HPV group; three in the ALU group), all considered by investigators to be unrelated to vaccination.

    CONCLUSION: The HPV-16/18 AS04-adjuvanted vaccine was immunogenic and generally well tolerated in Malaysian women aged 18-35 years.
    Matched MeSH terms: Aluminum Hydroxide
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