Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 56 in total

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  1. Shepherd ARH, Hoh IMY, Goh EH, Cohen PA, Steele D
    ANZ J Surg, 2017 Dec;87(12):1054-1056.
    PMID: 25962888 DOI: 10.1111/ans.13155
    Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Renal Cell/pathology*; Carcinoma, Renal Cell/surgery
  2. Cheng JY, Samudram H, Lee Lai Ling C, Nadarajan VS
    Transfus Med, 2022 Dec;32(6):484-491.
    PMID: 36239101 DOI: 10.1111/tme.12924
    OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the performance and utility of a time-temperature indicator (TTI) to determine the cumulative exposure time (CET) of red cell components (RCC) to temperatures above 10°C occurring within and outside the transfusion laboratory.

    BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Blood centres often use the '30 or 60-min rule' for accepting RCC exposed to room temperature (RT) back into inventory. Effective monitoring of these temperature deviations is however lacking.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: A Timestrip PLUS® TP153 10°C (TS + 10) TTI was attached to RCC units after preparation of the unit in the blood bank or on issue to the ward, to track the CET > 10°C during laboratory processing and outside the transfusion laboratory.

    RESULTS: The mean CET of 153 RCC tracked within the laboratory was 56 min. Sixty-four (41.8%) and 34 (22.2%) of RCC had core temperature (CT) >10°C for more than 30 and 60 min, respectively. Among the 69 RCC that were returned unused, 27 (39.1%), 17 (24.6%) and 5 (7.2%) RCC units had CT >10°C for more than 30, 60 and 120 min respectively.

    CONCLUSION: A large proportion of RCC have CT >10°C exceeding 30 min during handling within the transfusion laboratory, as well as when RCC are returned unused from transfusion locations. Corrective measures should be implemented to better manage the cold chain to avoid undesirable consequences to blood transfusion. A temperature sensitive device that can also indicate CET can be employed to objectively monitor the period that RCC remained at a CT that exceeds 10°C.

    Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Renal Cell*
  3. Ng KL, Morais C, Bernard A, Saunders N, Samaratunga H, Gobe G, et al.
    J Clin Pathol, 2016 Aug;69(8):661-71.
    PMID: 26951082 DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2015-203585
    Numerous immunohistochemical (IHC) biomarkers have been employed to aid in the difficult differentiation between chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (chRCC) and renal oncocytoma (RO). A systematic review and meta-analysis of the published literature was carried out to summarise and analyse the evidence for discriminatory IHC biomarkers to differentiate the two entities.
    Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Renal Cell/diagnosis*; Carcinoma, Renal Cell/metabolism; Carcinoma, Renal Cell/pathology
  4. Chan VW, Tan WS, Leow JJ, Tan WP, Ong WLK, Chiu PK, et al.
    World J Urol, 2021 Dec;39(12):4295-4303.
    PMID: 34031748 DOI: 10.1007/s00345-021-03734-1
    PURPOSE: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to the cancellation or deferment of many elective cancer surgeries. We performed a systematic review on the oncological effects of delayed surgery for patients with localised or metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in the targeted therapy (TT) era.

    METHOD: The protocol of this review is registered on PROSPERO(CRD42020190882). A comprehensive literature search was performed on Medline, Embase and Cochrane CENTRAL using MeSH terms and keywords for randomised controlled trials and observational studies on the topic. Risks of biases were assessed using the Cochrane RoB tool and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. For localised RCC, immediate surgery [including partial nephrectomy (PN) and radical nephrectomy (RN)] and delayed surgery [including active surveillance (AS) and delayed intervention (DI)] were compared. For metastatic RCC, upfront versus deferred cytoreductive nephrectomy (CN) were compared.

    RESULTS: Eleven studies were included for quantitative analysis. Delayed surgery was significantly associated with worse cancer-specific survival (HR 1.67, 95% CI 1.23-2.27, p 

    Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Renal Cell/mortality*; Carcinoma, Renal Cell/pathology; Carcinoma, Renal Cell/surgery*
  5. Ishak AI, Md Pauzi SH, Masir N, Goh BS
    Malays J Med Sci, 2010 Oct;17(4):71-4.
    PMID: 22135565 MyJurnal
    Metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) presenting with multiple deposits in the head and neck region is unusual. It is not uncommon for a RCC to metastasise to a distant site after years of a tumour-free period, but most of it would be expected to have a single site of deposit. We report a rare case of a patient who had a nephrectomy 10 years earlier for RCC and presented with tumours in the frontal sinus and posterior pharyngeal wall. Radiological imaging and histology confirmed metastatic RCC at both sites.
    Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Renal Cell
  6. Yap NY, Yap FN, Perumal K, Rajandram R
    Biomarkers, 2019 Sep;24(6):607-614.
    PMID: 31215811 DOI: 10.1080/1354750X.2019.1634763
    Context: Metabolic imbalance in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) can lead to abnormal adiponectin levels. Objective: To evaluate circulating adiponectin as a detection or predictive marker for RCC. Methods: A comprehensive literature search and meta-analysis was performed on studies reporting circulating adiponectin levels and RCC. The meta-analysis was performed using RevMan. Results: Seven studies compared the circulating adiponection levels between RCC cases and controls. Adiponectin level was significantly lower in RCC cases compared to controls at pre-diagnosis and pre-operative time-points. RCC stage, grade and subtype did not affect adiponectin levels. Conclusion: Low circulating adiponectin could be a predictive or risk factor for RCC.
    Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Renal Cell/blood; Carcinoma, Renal Cell/diagnosis*; Carcinoma, Renal Cell/genetics; Carcinoma, Renal Cell/pathology
  7. Lim CT
    Indian J Pharmacol, 2016 May-Jun;48(3):327-8.
    PMID: 27298508 DOI: 10.4103/0253-7613.182875
    Oral sodium phosphate (OSP), an effective bowel purgative, is available over the counter (OTC) and requires a substantially lower volume than polyethylene glycol-based preparative agents. Rarely, OSP consumption has been associated with acute hypocalcemia and hyperphosphatemia. We describe a case of chronic kidney disease patient developing symptomatic hypocalcemia following OTC OSP.
    Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Renal Cell/complications*
  8. Pailoor J, Rajandram R, Yap NY, Ng KL, Wang Z, Iyengar KR
    Indian J Pathol Microbiol, 2013 Apr-Jun;56(2):98-102.
    PMID: 24056643 DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.118688
    Chromosome 7 aberrations in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) have been reported in papillary renal cell carcinoma (pRCC) and clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). However, the implication of these anomalies on prognosis and survival is still unclear. RCC Chromosome 7 aberrations have commonly been detected by fluorescent in situ hybridization and chromogenic in situ hybridization but not silver in situ hybridization (SISH).
    Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Renal Cell/genetics*; Carcinoma, Renal Cell/mortality; Carcinoma, Renal Cell/pathology
  9. Nurul Syeha Abdull Rasid, Farah Wahida Abdul Manab, Nor Shahida Abdul Mutalib, Hamidah Mamat, Irfan Mohamad
    MyJurnal
    Renal cancer is a rare occurrence in all adult malignancies, and renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common type. Due to its aggressive behaviour and high tendency for metastasis, manifestation of RCC varies, often with non-urologic features or symptoms from metastatic sites. Metastatic RCC to the head and neck region is rare particularly to the tongue are extremely rare. We report an elderly lady who presented with recurrent tongue mass metastasis from RCC, a rare cancer with even rarer metastatic site.
    Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Renal Cell
  10. Ng, Christina
    JUMMEC, 2010;13(1):19-23.
    MyJurnal
    The clinical experience of the novel drug temsirolimus on eight patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma and who were refractory to other forms of treatment is reported. Although none of the patients showed complete or partial response, three patients had stable disease. One patient was prematurely withdrawn due to pneumonitis. Five patients died during the period of observation of twenty months and the median survival time from start of treatment was ten months. Three patients showed no evidence of adverse events (AE). Five patients showed dyslipidemia and two had pneumonitis for which, the drug had to be withdrawn in one of them. None had significant leucopenia. We conclude that temsirolimus has activity even in heavily pretreated patients in advanced renal cell carcinoma and in addition, has the benefits of ease of administration and good tolerability.
    Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Renal Cell
  11. Morais C, Rajandram R, Blakeney JS, Iyer A, Suen JY, Johnson DW, et al.
    PLoS One, 2021;16(3):e0248983.
    PMID: 33765016 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248983
    Expression of the protease sensing receptor, protease activated receptor-2 (PAR2), is elevated in a variety of cancers and has been promoted as a potential therapeutic target. With the development of potent antagonists for this receptor, we hypothesised that they could be used to treat renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The expression of PAR2 was, therefore, examined in human RCC tissues and selected RCC cell lines. Histologically confirmed cases of RCC, together with paired non-involved kidney tissue, were used to produce a tissue microarray (TMA) and to extract total tissue RNA. Immunohistochemistry and qPCR were then used to assess PAR2 expression. In culture, RCC cell lines versus primary human kidney tubular epithelial cells (HTEC) were used to assess PAR2 expression by qPCR, immunocytochemistry and an intracellular calcium mobilization assay. The TMA revealed an 85% decrease in PAR2 expression in tumour tissue compared with normal kidney tissue. Likewise, qPCR showed a striking reduction in PAR2 mRNA in RCC compared with normal kidney. All RCC cell lines showed lower levels of PAR2 expression than HTEC. In conclusion, we found that PAR2 was reduced in RCC compared with normal kidney and is unlikely to be a target of interest in the treatment of this type of cancer.
    Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Renal Cell/genetics; Carcinoma, Renal Cell/metabolism*; Carcinoma, Renal Cell/pathology*
  12. Mohtarrudin N, Ghazali R, Md Roduan MR
    Malays J Pathol, 2018 Dec;40(3):313-318.
    PMID: 30580362
    INTRODUCTION: Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) promotes carcinogenesis by inducing proliferation and angiogenesis while decreasing apoptosis and immunosuppressive activity. It is overexpressed in many malignancies including renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The aim of this study was to investigate COX-2 expression in clear cell RCC and its association with tumour grades and demographic parameters.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-six clear cell RCC cases were selected. There were 21 (58.3%) men and 15 (41.7%) women with median age of 56.6 years (range: 16-74 years). Chinese constituted 16 (44.4%) of the cases; Malays 14 (38.9%) cases and Indian 6 (16.7%) cases. There were 6 (16.7%) grade 1, 20 (55.6%) grade 2, 10 (27.8%) grade 3 and none was grade 4. The paraffin embedded tissues were cut at 4 μm thick and stained with COX-2 monoclonal antibody.

    RESULTS: Eighteen (50%) of the RCC cases were immunopositive, of which all showed strong positivity. The immunopositive cases showed cytoplasmic membrane positivity.

    CONCLUSION: There was no significant association between COX-2 expression with grade, age, sex and ethnicity (p=0.457, p=0.054, p=0.389 and p=0.568 respectively). Strong positivity of COX-2 suggest that COX-2 may play a role in cell proliferation and in carcinogenesis.

    Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Renal Cell/metabolism*; Carcinoma, Renal Cell/pathology
  13. Yap NY, Ong TA, Morais C, Pailoor J, Gobe GC, Rajandram R
    Cell Biol Int, 2019 Jun;43(6):715-725.
    PMID: 31062478 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11150
    Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the most lethal urogenital cancers and effective treatment of metastatic RCC remains an elusive target. Cell lines enable the in vitro investigation of molecular and genetic changes leading to renal carcinogenesis and are important for evaluating cellular drug response or toxicity. This study details a fast and easy protocol of establishing epithelial and fibroblast cell cultures or cell lines concurrently from renal cancer nephrectomy tissue. The protocol involves mechanical disaggregation, collagenase digestion and cell sieving for establishing epithelial cells while fibroblast cells were grown from explants. This protocol has been modified from previous published reports with additional antibiotics and washing steps added to eliminate microbial contamination from the surgical source. Cell characterisation was carried out using immunofluorescence and quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Eleven stable epithelial renal tumour cell lines of various subtypes, including rare subtypes, were established with a spontaneous immortalisation rate of 21.6% using this protocol. Eight fibroblast cell cultures grew successfully but did not achieve spontaneous immortalisation. Cells of epithelial origin expressed higher expressions of epithelial markers such as pan-cytokeratin, cytokeratin 8 and E-cadherin whereas fibroblast cells expressed high α-smooth muscle actin. Further mutational analysis is needed to evaluate the genetic or molecular characteristics of the cell lines.
    Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Renal Cell/metabolism; Carcinoma, Renal Cell/pathology*
  14. Son HJ, Lee H, Kim JH, Yu IK, Han HY
    Malays J Pathol, 2018 Apr;40(1):73-78.
    PMID: 29704388
    Progressively transformed germinal centers (PTGC) is a benign process characterised by a morphological variant of reactive follicular hyperplasia in lymph nodes. It was recently shown that some cases of PTGC are associated with IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) or increased IgG4 plasma cells. Five years ago, a 57-year-old woman presented with enlargement of multiple lymph nodes in the left parotid, submandibular, and neck areas, pathologically diagnosed as PTGC after excisional biopsy. Since then, she has experienced numbness in her extremities, especially the left shoulder and arm, pruritus on the left side of the face and intermittent facial palsy, for which she has been receiving regular symptomatic treatment. Recently the patient developed diabetes mellitus (approximately seven months ago). In routine follow-up scans, a mass was detected in left kidney and magnetic resonance imaging of the abdomen prior to surgery revealed a slightly enhanced bulky mass replacing the pancreatic tail and uncinate process. The mass in left kidney was diagnosed as clear cell renal cell carcinoma, and the pathological features of the pancreatic lesion were those of IgG4-related chronic fibrosing pancreatitis. Retrograde examination of the neck lymph node diagnosed as PTGC showed increased deposition of IgG4-positive plasma cells.
    Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Renal Cell/complications; Carcinoma, Renal Cell/pathology
  15. Samberkar S, Rajandram R, Mun KS, Samberkar P, Danaee M, Zulkafli IS
    Malays J Pathol, 2019 Dec;41(3):233-242.
    PMID: 31901907
    INTRODUCTION: Tissue biomarker carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) is purported to have prognostic value for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) but contradicting findings from previous studies have also been documented. This study aims to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis on the role of CAIX in RCC disease progression.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: Following the preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines, online searches of multiple databases were performed to retrieve articles from their inception until December 2017. Inclusion criteria included all English-based original articles of immunohistochemistry (IHC) studies investigating CAIX expression in human RCC tissue. Four articles were finally selected for meta-analysis with a total of 1964 patients. Standard meta-analysis methods were applied to evaluate the role of CAIX in RCC prognosis. The relative risk (RR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) were recorded for the association between biomarker and prognosis, and data were analysed using MedCalc statistical software.

    RESULTS: The meta-analysis showed that high CAIX expression was associated with low tumour stage (RR 0.90%, 95% CI 0.849-0.969, p= 0.004), low tumour grade (RR 0.835%, 95% CI 0.732-0.983, p= 0.028), absence of nodal involvement (RR 0.814%, 95% CI 0.712-0.931, p= 0.003) and better ECOS-PS index (RR 0.888%, 95% CI 0.818-0.969, p= 0.007). The high tissue CAIX expression in RCC is hence an indication of an early malignancy with a potential to predict favourable disease progression and outcome.

    CONCLUSION: The measurement of this marker may be beneficial to determine the course of the illness. It is hoped that CAIX can be developed as a specific tissue biomarker for RCC in the near future.

    Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Renal Cell/diagnosis; Carcinoma, Renal Cell/pathology*
  16. Nyanti L, Samsudin A, Tiong IK
    J Med Case Rep, 2019 Jun 21;13(1):188.
    PMID: 31221202 DOI: 10.1186/s13256-019-2122-8
    BACKGROUND: Leser-Trélat syndrome, which manifests as eruptive multiple seborrheic keratoses, is a rare paraneoplastic sign. Hyponatremia in the elderly population is an often overlooked but potentially sinister biochemical abnormality. Cancer-related causes of hyponatremia include syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion, cerebral or renal salt wasting, and adrenal dysfunction. We report a case of an elderly man who presented with both syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion and Leser-Trélat syndrome, and was eventually found to have renal malignancy.

    CASE PRESENTATION: A 74-year-old indigenous Malaysian man with underlying chronic kidney disease presented with recurrent admissions for hyponatremia with parameters indicative of syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion, constitutional symptoms, and diffuse skin lesions suggestive of multiple seborrheic keratoses. A radiological workup revealed metastatic renal cell carcinoma with evidence of metastasis to the brain, adrenal glands, bone, and lungs.

    CONCLUSIONS: To the best of our knowledge, renal malignancy presenting as syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion and Leser-Trélat concurrently is rare. The causes of hyponatremia in the elderly, approach to investigation, and value as a poor prognostic marker in malignancy are highlighted. We also discuss Leser-Trélat syndrome, its pathophysiology, and its possible implications on clinical practice.

    Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Renal Cell/complications*; Carcinoma, Renal Cell/secondary
  17. Wong YP, Affandi KA, Tan GC, Muhammad R
    Indian J Pathol Microbiol, 2017 9 25;60(3):430-432.
    PMID: 28937391 DOI: 10.4103/IJPM.IJPM_287_16
    Metastatic disease involving the thyroid gland is uncommon. Solitary thyroid metastases from various primary sites particularly kidney, lung, and breast had been previously described. To the best of our knowledge, metastases from two topographically separate primary malignancies to the thyroid have never been documented hitherto. This is the first reported case of cancer-to-cancer metastasis involving an invasive breast carcinoma metastasized within a metastatic renal cell carcinoma in the nonneoplastic thyroid in a 58-year-old woman. Distinguishing a secondary thyroid metastases from a primary thyroid malignancy is utmost crucial as treatment differs. The possibility of tumor metastases from two separated primaries should always be considered in a tumor exhibiting malignant cell populations with two distinctive histomorphological appearances. The role of immunohistochemistry stains in equivocal cases cannot be overemphasized.
    Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Renal Cell/diagnosis*; Carcinoma, Renal Cell/pathology*
  18. Azarisman SM, Nor Azmi K
    Singapore Med J, 2007 Aug;48(8):779-82.
    PMID: 17657389
    A 39-year-old man was diagnosed with von Hippel-Lindau syndrome, which was associated with retinal haemangioblastoma, cervical cord haemangioblastoma and bilateral renal cell carcinoma. He subsequently underwent an arterial embolisation and cervical laminectomy, following a spinal angiogram of the cervical lesion. He also had a right radical nephrectomy, with no perioperative complications. However, on admission for the left radical nephrectomy, he was noted to have preoperative hypertension. Further investigation revealed an enlarged left adrenal gland on abdominal computed tomography scan and raised urinary catecholamines. We discuss the risk of renal cell carcinoma and phaeochromocytoma arising concomitantly in von Hippel-Lindau syndrome, and how best to investigate and manage them.
    Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Renal Cell/complications*; Carcinoma, Renal Cell/surgery
  19. Ho CC, Krishna KK, Praveen S, Goh EH, Lee BC, Zulkifli MZ
    Med J Malaysia, 2010 Sep;65(3):229-30.
    PMID: 21939176
    We present a case of a middle-aged man who was incidentally found to have right renal solid mass while investigating for his left eye proptosis. Computerised tomography (CT) scan confirmed the diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma and the tumour was successfully excised via open surgery. The histopathology examination revealed the 10x7x8 cm mass to be a clear cell type renal cell carcinoma. The rare presentation of this metastatic renal cell carcinoma, its diagnosis and management will be discussed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Renal Cell/complications; Carcinoma, Renal Cell/diagnosis*; Carcinoma, Renal Cell/secondary; Carcinoma, Renal Cell/surgery
  20. Wong KW
    BMJ Case Rep, 2015 Jan 16;2015.
    PMID: 25596289 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2014-208060
    We report a case of renal cell carcinoma diagnosed after a patient was treated successfully with intravenous cyclophosphamide for her active proliferative lupus nephritis (classes III and V). After the intravenous cyclophosphamide regimen, the patient was asymptomatic with persistent microscopic haematuria, and no proteinuria. The renal cell carcinoma was located on the left kidney; incidentally, this was where the initial renal biopsy was done to diagnose lupus nephritis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Renal Cell/complications*; Carcinoma, Renal Cell/diagnosis
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