Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 189 in total

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  1. Thent ZC, Das S, Mahakkanukrauh P
    Surg Radiol Anat, 2016 07;38(5):635.
    PMID: 26875077 DOI: 10.1007/s00276-016-1641-x
    Matched MeSH terms: Mandible*
  2. Aljunid S, AlSiweedi S, Nambiar P, Chai WL, Ngeow WC
    J Oral Implantol, 2016 Aug;42(4):349-52.
    PMID: 27078072 DOI: 10.1563/aaid-joi-D-16-00011
    The mandibular canal is a conduit that allows the inferior alveolar neurovascular bundle to transverse the mandible to supply the dentition, jawbone, and soft tissue around the lower lip. It is now acknowledged that the mandibular canal is not a single canal but an anatomical structure with multiple branches and variations. Iatrogenic injury to branches of the mandibular canal that carry a neurovascular bundle has been reported to cause injury to the main canal as severe as if the main canal itself is traumatized. These injuries include bleeding, neurosensory disturbance, or the formation of traumatic neuroma, and so far, they have involved cases with the bifid mandibular canal. This current report presents a case of neurosensory disturbance that resulted from the impingement of a branch of a trifid mandibular canal during implant insertion. Its management included analgesics, reexamination, and reinserting a shorter implant.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mandible*
  3. Hiong ET
    Dent J Malaysia Singapore, 1972 May;12(1):53-5.
    PMID: 4507359
    Matched MeSH terms: Mandible/surgery
  4. Curnoe D, Datan I, Zhao JX, Leh Moi Ung C, Aubert M, Sauffi MS, et al.
    PLoS One, 2018;13(6):e0196633.
    PMID: 29874227 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196633
    The skeletal remains of Late Pleistocene-early Holocene humans are exceptionally rare in island Southeast Asia. As a result, the identity and physical adaptations of the early inhabitants of the region are poorly known. One archaeological locality that has historically been important for understanding the peopling of island Southeast Asia is the Niah Caves in the northeast of Borneo. Here we present the results of direct Uranium-series dating and the first published descriptions of three partial human mandibles from the West Mouth of the Niah Caves recovered during excavations by the Harrissons in 1957. One of them (mandible E/B1 100") is somewhat younger than the 'Deep Skull' with a best dating estimate of c30-28 ka (at 2σ), while the other two mandibles (D/N5 42-48" and E/W 33 24-36") are dated to a minimum of c11.0-10.5 ka (at 2σ) and c10.0-9.0 ka (at 2σ). Jaw E/B1 100" is unusually small and robust compared with other Late Pleistocene mandibles suggesting that it may have been ontogenetically altered through masticatory strain under a model of phenotypic plasticity. Possible dietary causes could include the consumption of tough or dried meats or palm plants, behaviours which have been documented previously in the archaeological record of the Niah Caves. Our work suggests a long history back to before the LGM of economic strategies involving the exploitation of raw plant foods or perhaps dried and stored meat resources. This offers new insights into the economic strategies of Late Pleistocene-early Holocene hunter-gatherers living in, or adjacent to, tropical rainforests.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mandible/anatomy & histology*
  5. Arora S, Urs AB, Choudhary Z
    Gulf J Oncolog, 2017 Jan;1(23):77-81.
    PMID: 28272008
    A 15-year-old Indian male patient presented with a history of pain and swelling in left mandible. Imaging studies revealed a well-defined unilocular radiolucency in the body of the mandible. Patient also gave the past history of the surgery of the jaws, which was histopathologically diagnosed as dentigerous cyst. Following this patient underwent incisional biopsy and later excisional biopsy. The histopathologic diagnosis for incisional biopsy was unicystic ameloblastoma but final diagnosis was dentinogenic ghost cell tumor for the excised tissue. To the best of our knowledge, this appears o be the first case of dentigerous cyst transforming into dentinogenic ghost cell tumor. The clinical presentation of the case, differential diagnosis and treatment modalities are being discussed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mandible*
  6. Usman JAM, Kesumo A, Shahari NSSBM
    Ann Afr Med, 2022;21(4):439-443.
    PMID: 36412348 DOI: 10.4103/aam.aam_174_21
    INTRODUCTION: The orientation of the occlusal plane forms the basis for the arrangement of teeth conducive to satisfactory esthetics and function, making it one of the most important clinical procedures in prosthodontic rehabilitation. This study aimed to analyze and compare the vertical distance between the anterior attachment of lingual frenum (AALF) and the incisal edge of mandibular central incisors among three races in Malaysia.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: The sample consisted of 63 dentate subjects (21 Malays, 21 Chinese, and 21 Indians) who were chosen based on the inclusion criteria. Two models were made using irreversible hydrocolloid impressions, and an average of the value was obtained. Lingual frenum was recorded in function. Casts were fabricated with dental stone. AALF was marked and the vertical distance was measured using a caliper.

    RESULTS: In Malays, the mean and standard deviation of the vertical distance were 14.2 ± 0.9 mm, with a range of 12.3-16.0 mm; in Chinese were 14.4 ± 0.9 mm, with a range of 12.0-16.9 mm; and in Indians were 15.1 ± 1.0 mm, with a range of 13.0-17.2 mm. The difference among the three races regarding the distance between AALF and the incisal edge of mandibular central incisors was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Among the three races, Malays and Indians have the greatest mean difference.

    CONCLUSION: According to the results of the current study, the distance between AALF and the incisal edge of mandibular central incisors might be a proper criterion for the initial adjustment of occlusal rims. The values obtained from three different races were significantly different from one another, hence a different range of values was used to establish occlusal height for different races.

    Matched MeSH terms: Mandible*
  7. Rajaran JR, Nazimi AJ
    BMJ Case Rep, 2021 Mar 17;14(3).
    PMID: 33731407 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2020-239542
    The mylohyoid ridges or lines are pairs of anatomical bony structures located on the internal or lingual surface of mandible. They are the origin for the mylohyoid muscle. These bony structures are distinct in the mandibular molar region, well protected and gradually become undiscernible towards anterior mandible. Bilateral, isolated fracture of the mylohyoid ridges without concomitant mandibular fracture is rare and, to the best of the authors knowledge, was never previously described. This case report describes an isolated bilateral mylohyoid groove fracture, where one side of a necrotic bone fragment at the fracture site progress to became a nidus of infection, which later caused submandibular space abscess requiring emergency surgical intervention. Diagnosis, possible theory to explain the occurrence of isolated mylohyoid groove fracture and management of these condition are explained in this report.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mandible*
  8. Ng KH, Siar CH, Loh HT
    Ann Dent, 1991;50(2):26-7.
    PMID: 1785910
    The clinical and histologic features of Kimura's disease are briefly outlined. A case presenting as a subcutaneous nodule in the region of the angle of the right mandible of a 20-year-old male is presented. The relationship of this disease to angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia is discussed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mandible/pathology
  9. Asif MK, Ibrahim N, Sivarajan S, Heng Khiang Teh N, Chek Wey M
    Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 2020 Oct;158(4):579-586.e1.
    PMID: 32826123 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2019.09.022
    INTRODUCTION: The study aimed to investigate the effects of micro-osteoperforations (MOPs) on the mandibular bone volume/tissue volume (BV/TV) ratio changes and the rate of orthodontic tooth movement using cone-beam computed tomography images. Another objective was to evaluate the effects of MOP frequency intervals (4 weeks, 8 weeks, and 12 weeks) on the BV/TV ratio and rate of tooth movement.

    METHODS: In 24 participants, 140-200 g of force was applied for mandibular canine retraction. Three MOPs were made according to the scheduled intervals of the 3 different groups: group 1 (MOP 4 weeks), group 2 (MOP 8 weeks), and group 3 (MOP 12 weeks) directly at the mandibular buccal cortical bone of extracted first premolars sites. Cone-beam computed tomography scans were obtained at the 12th week after MOP application. Computed tomography Analyzer software (version 1.11.0.0; Skyscan, Kontich, Belgium) was used to compute the trabecular alveolar BV/TV ratio.

    RESULTS: A significant difference was observed in the rate of canine movement between control and MOP. Paired t test analysis showed a significant difference (P = 0.001) in the mean BV/TV ratio between control and MOP sides in all the frequency intervals groups. However, the difference was significant only in group 1 (P = 0.014). A strong negative correlation (r = -0.86) was observed between the rate of canine tooth movement and the BV/TV ratio at the MOP side for group 1 and all frequency intervals together (r = -0.42).

    CONCLUSIONS: The rate of orthodontic tooth movement can be accelerated by the MOP technique with frequently repeated MOPs throughout the treatment.

    Matched MeSH terms: Mandible/surgery
  10. Majid H, Ramachandra SS, Kumar S, Wei M, Gundavarapu KC
    Compend Contin Educ Dent, 2022 Jan;43(1):e5-e8.
    PMID: 35019665
    This study evaluated the effect of alloplastic bone grafts in osseous defects following surgical removal of horizontally impacted third molars by comparing the periodontal measures distal to the second molar in grafted and nongrafted third molar extraction sites. Materials and Methods: A double-blind, randomized, controlled clinical trial was designed on subjects with bilateral horizontally impacted mandibular third molars. Grafting consisting of alloplasts at the third molar extraction sites was compared with nongrafted sites. This study assessed 54 randomized sites in 27 patients who were selected using a split-mouth design. The predictor variable included the change in pocket depth distal to the mandibular second molar and associated dentin hypersensitivity around the second molar, assessed preoperatively and at 3 and 6 months after third molar surgery. The data regarding pocket depth reduction was statistically analyzed using paired t-test. The data concerning reduction in dentin hypersensitivity was statistically analyzed using chi-square test. Results: Six months after third molar surgery, mean pocket depth distal to mandibular second molar decreased significantly at the grafted sites compared to the nongrafted sites. The reduction in dentin hypersensitivity of mandibular second molar was statistically significant for the grafted sites at 6 months, compared to the nongrafted sites.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mandible/surgery
  11. Farook TH, Rashid F, Alam MK, Dudley J
    Clin Oral Investig, 2023 Feb;27(2):489-504.
    PMID: 36577849 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-022-04835-w
    BACKGROUND: To explore the digitisation of jaw movement trajectories through devices and discuss the physiological factors and device-dependent variables with their subsequent effects on the jaw movement analyses.

    METHODS: Based on predefined eligibility criteria, the search was conducted following PRISMA-P 2015 guidelines on MEDLINE, EBSCO Host, Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science databases in 2022 by 2 reviewers. Articles then underwent Cochrane GRADE approach and JBI critical appraisal for certainty of evidence and bias evaluation.

    RESULTS: Thirty articles were included following eligibility screening. Both in vitro experiments (20%) and in vivo (80%) devices ranging from electronic axiography, electromyography, optoelectronic and ultrasonic, oral or extra-oral tracking, photogrammetry, sirognathography, digital pressure sensors, electrognathography, and computerised medical-image tracing were documented. 53.53% of the studies were rated below "moderate" certainty of evidence. Critical appraisal showed 80% case-control investigations failed to address confounding variables while 90% of the included non-randomised experimental studies failed to establish control reference.

    CONCLUSION: Mandibular and condylar growth, kinematic dysfunction of the neuromuscular system, shortened dental arches, previous orthodontic treatment, variations in habitual head posture, temporomandibular joint disorders, fricative phonetics, and to a limited extent parafunctional habits and unbalanced occlusal contact were identified confounding variables that shaped jaw movement trajectories but were not highly dependent on age, gender, or diet. Realistic variations in device accuracy were found between 50 and 330 µm across the digital systems with very low interrater reliability for motion tracing from photographs. Forensic and in vitro simulation devices could not accurately recreate variations in jaw motion and muscle contractions.

    Matched MeSH terms: Mandible*
  12. Awang Hasyim N, Ismail S, Ling XF, Tilakaratne WM
    Head Neck Pathol, 2023 Sep;17(3):731-738.
    PMID: 36997684 DOI: 10.1007/s12105-023-01545-x
    BACKGROUND: Odontogenic carcinosarcoma (OCS) is an exceptionally rare malignant mixed odontogenic neoplasm, which mostly arises from recurrent benign odontogenic tumour that undergoes malignant transformation.

    METHODS: A literature review was conducted using the keyword of "Odontogenic carcinosarcoma" and all relevant articles were screened. The data collected include demographic profile (age, gender), clinical information (symptoms, location, size), radiologic features, histopathological examination, management, recurrence, metastases, and survival status.

    RESULTS: A total of 17 OCS cases including a new case from our hospital. The incidence of OCS was highest in the third decades of life with predilection for male and posterior region of mandible. Clinically, patients may present with swelling and neurological symptoms. Radiographic examination often showed radiolucency with ill-defined border. This tumour demonstrates an aggressive behaviour with reported cases of distant metastases to the lung, lymph nodes, rib, and pelvis. Here, we report an interesting case of OCS in a 38-year-old man with a previous diagnosis of ameloblastoma. The patient was diagnosed with ameloblastoma but refused surgical intervention and returned after 10 years with rapidly enlarging mass on the right side of mandible. Microscopically, the lesion appears as biphasic odontogenic tumour with malignant cytological features seen in both epithelium and mesenchymal components. The spindle to round mesenchymal tumour cells were only positive for vimentin. Ki67 proliferation index was high in both epithelium and mesenchymal components.

    CONCLUSION: This case showed the tendency of untreated ameloblastoma to undergo malignant changes in the long term.

    Matched MeSH terms: Mandible/pathology
  13. Karobari MI, Batul R, Khan M, Patil SR, Basheer SN, Rezallah NNF, et al.
    BMC Oral Health, 2024 Jan 02;24(1):1.
    PMID: 38167114 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03624-5
    INTRODUCTION: Mandibular first premolars are familiar with their varied root canal morphology, causing difficulties and challenges for successful endodontic procedures. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to study the characterization of root and canal morphology of the first mandibular premolar using micro-computed tomography.

    METHODOLOGY: The literature search was conducted using electronic web databases like PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect and Cochrane with the chosen MeSH key words and data was retrieved until May 2023. Further to perform the statistical analysis, R v 4.3.1 software with "meta", 'metafor" "metaviz" " ggplot2" package was used, and results were represented by odds ratios (OR) and the percentage of forest plots along a 95 per cent confidence interval (CI).

    RESULTS: The total number of studies meeting the inclusion criteria was 13; these studies were conducted on mandibular first premolar using Micro-CT; the total sample size was 1817. To scan the sample, an X-ray micro-focus CT system (Siemens Inveon CT, Erlangen, Germany) was used in four studies and seven different machines were used in the respective studies. Mimics 10.01 software (Materialize, Leuven, Belgium) and NRecon v.1.6.9 software (Bruker, Kontich, Belgium) were commonly operated. The minimum and maximum voxel size ranges between 11.94 and 50 μm. Vertucci's classification was frequently used (9), while one study applied Ahmed et al. and Vertucci's classification.

    CONCLUSION: This systematic review provides essential information about the root and canal configurations, radicular grooves, accessory canals, and apical foramina through Micro-CT, aiming to improve the accuracy of endodontic treatment and help practitioners.

    Matched MeSH terms: Mandible/anatomy & histology
  14. Abdul Razak NH, Al-Salihi KA, Samsudin AR
    Med J Malaysia, 2004 May;59 Suppl B:119-20.
    PMID: 15468847
    Defects were created in the mandible of a rabbit model whereby the right side was implanted with hydroxyapatite (HA) while the left side was left empty to act as control. Both the implant and control sites were evaluated clinically and histologically at 4,12,20,22 weeks. Decalcified sections were studied under confocal laser scanning microscope. No reactive cells were evident microscopically in all sections. There was bone ingrowth as early as 4 weeks when viewed by the topographic method. Enhancement of osteoconduction was evident by the presence of abundant capillaries, perivascular tissue and osteoprogenitor cells of the host. At 22 weeks, the implanted defect showed mature bone formation filling almost the whole field. This study demonstrated that the dense HA exhibits excellent biocompatibility as noted by the complete absence of reactive cells. It also promotes osteoconduction.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mandible/pathology; Mandible/surgery*
  15. Neo J
    Anesth Prog, 1989 Nov-Dec;36(6):276-8.
    PMID: 2490061
    The position of the mental foramen of the local Malays and Indians in Singapore was determined from a series of orthopantomograms. The most frequent location does not conform to the position cited in many anatomy, surgery, and dental anesthesia texts as being below and between the apices of the lower premolars. This data has implications in the teaching and practice of dental anesthesia. In both these races, the median location is just below the second premolar.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mandible/anatomy & histology*; Mandible/radiography
  16. Ngeow WC, Yuzawati Y
    J Oral Sci, 2003 Sep;45(3):171-5.
    PMID: 14650583
    Knowledge of the position of the mental foramen is important both when administering regional anesthesia and performing periapical surgery in the mental region of the mandible. This study determines the position of the mental foramen in a selected Malay population. One hundred and sixty nine panoramic radiographs of Malay patients retrieved from a minor oral surgery waiting list were selected to identify the normal range for the position of the mental foramen. The foramen was not included in the study if there was any mandibular tooth missing between the lower left and right first molars (36-46). The findings indicated the most common position for the mental foramen was in line with the longitudinal axis of the second premolar (69.2%) followed by a location between the first and second premolar (19.6%). The right and left foramina were bilaterally symmetrical in three of six recorded positions in 67.7% patients. The mental foramen was most often in line with the second premolar.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mandible/anatomy & histology*; Mandible/radiography
  17. Kojima Y, Fukuyama I, Kurita T, Hossman MYB, Nishikawa K
    Sci Rep, 2020 07 29;10(1):12670.
    PMID: 32728121 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69436-7
    The jaws of vertebrates display a striking diversity in form and function, but they typically open and close like a trapdoor rather than sliding like a saw. Here, we report unique feeding behaviour in the blunt-headed snail-eating snake, Aplopeltura boa (family Pareidae), where the snake cuts off and circumvents the indigestible part (the operculum) of its prey in the mouth using long sliding excursions of one side of the mandible, while the upper jaws and the mandible on the other side maintain a stable grasp on the prey. This behaviour, which we call 'mandibular sawing', is made possible by extraordinarily independent movements of the jaw elements and is a surprising departure from usual feeding behaviour in vertebrates.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mandible/anatomy & histology*; Mandible/physiology
  18. Chaubal TV, Bapat R, Poonja K
    Am J Med, 2017 10;130(10):e451.
    PMID: 28528920 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2017.04.026
    Matched MeSH terms: Mandible/abnormalities*; Mandible/pathology
  19. Ngeow WC, Chai WL
    Clin Anat, 2020 Nov;33(8):1214-1227.
    PMID: 31943382 DOI: 10.1002/ca.23567
    The mandibular canal is a conduit that allows the inferior alveolar neurovascular bundle to transverse the mandible to supply the dentition, jawbone and soft tissue around the gingiva and the lower lip. It is not a single canal but an anatomical structure with multiple branches and variations. The branches are termed accessory, bifid or trifid canals depending on their number and configuration. A bifid mandibular canal is an anatomical variation reported more commonly than the trifid variant. Because of these variations, it is of the utmost importance to determine the exact location of the mandibular canal and to identify any branches arising from it prior to performing surgery in the mandible. This article reviews the prevalence, classification and morphometric measurements of these accessory mandibular canals, emphasizing their clinical significance.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mandible/anatomy & histology*
  20. Srii R, Koju S, Mahanta SK, Marla V, Niroula D, Upadhyaya C, et al.
    JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc, 2021 Apr 30;59(236):350-355.
    PMID: 34508539 DOI: 10.31729/jnma.5360
    INTRODUCTION: Gonial angle measurements serve as an important parameter of the craniofacial complex and are usually studied on lateral cephalograms, but recently panoramic radiographs have also been used. The aim of this study is to measure the gonial angle using orthopantomogram and lateral cephalogram based on age, gender, ethnicity, and skeletal malocclusion in a tertiary care hospital.

    METHODS: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study comprising 350 selected radiographs of apparently healthy individuals collected for a period of one year, from the Department of Oral Radiology of a tertiary care centre of Nepal. Gonial angle measurements were recorded from digital panoramic radiograph (both right and left side) and lateral cephalogram. Data was collected in terms of age, gender, ethnicity, and skeletal malocclusion and then statistically analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 20.

    RESULTS: The mean gonial angle for panoramic right, left and lateral cephalogram was 122.490±7.570, 123.620±7.060, and 124.150±6.910, respectively. There was a decrease in the mean values of the gonial angle observed as age advances seen in all the radiographs. The gonial angle measured in Class III malocclusion was higher in all the radiographs, followed by Class II and Class I. Gonial angles obtained in females were higher than the males in all the radiographs. Finally, the Aryan population showed a higher gonial angle compared to the Mongolian population in all the radiographs.

    CONCLUSIONS: Panoramic radiograph (left side), could be considered as a reliable tool to measure the gonial angle.

    Matched MeSH terms: Mandible*
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