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Gamification in rehabilitation of metacarpal fracture using cost-effective end-user device: A randomized controlled trial

Then JW, Shivdas S, Tunku Ahmad Yahaya TS, Ab Razak NI, Choo PT

J Hand Ther, 2020 05 16;33(2):235-242.
PMID: 32430167 DOI: 10.1016/j.jht.2020.03.029

STUDY DESIGN: This is a two-group randomized controlled trial.
INTRODUCTION: Finger stiffness after treatment for metacarpal fractures often occurs due to poor compliance to the conventional rehabilitation programs. Gamification has shown success in improving adherence to and effectiveness of various therapies.
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether gamification, using cost-effective devices was comparable with conventional physiotherapy in improving hand functions and adherence to rehabilitation in metacarpal fractures.
METHODS: A 2-group randomized controlled trial involving 19 patients was conducted. Participants were randomized to a control (conventional physiotherapy, n = 10) or interventional group (gamification, n = 9). The grips strength and composite finger range of motion were measured at the baseline and each follow-up together with Patient-Rated Wrist and Hand Evaluation scores and compliance.
RESULTS: There were no significant differences on improvements of grip strength (means difference 24.38 vs 20.44, P = .289) and composite finger range of motion (means difference 50.50 vs 51.11, P = .886). However, the gamification group showed better results in Patient-Rated Wrist and Hand Evaluation (mean 0.44 vs 8.45, P = .038) and compliance (P
Fulltext Immunomodulating Phytochemicals: An Insight Into Their Potential Use in Cytokine Storm Situations

Alarabei AA, Abd Aziz NAL, Ab Razak NI, Abas R, Bahari H, Abdullah MA, et al.

Adv Pharm Bull, 2024 Mar;14(1):105-119.
PMID: 38585461 DOI: 10.34172/apb.2024.001

Phytochemicals are compounds found in plants that possess a variety of bioactive properties, including antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties. Recent studies have highlighted the potential of phytochemicals in targeting specific signalling pathways involved in cytokine storm, a life-threatening clinical condition resulting from excessive immune cell activation and oversupply of proinflammatory cytokines. Several studies have documented the immunomodulatory effects of phytochemicals on immune function, including their ability to regulate essential cellular and molecular interactions of immune system cells. This makes them a promising alternative for cytokine storm management, especially when combined with existing chemotherapies. Furthermore, phytochemicals have been found to target multiple signalling pathways, including the TNF-α/NF-κB, IL-1/NF-κB, IFN-γ/JAK/STAT, and IL-6/JAK-STAT. These pathways play critical roles in the development and progression of cytokine storm, and targeting them with phytochemicals represents a promising strategy for controlling cytokine release and the subsequent inflammation. Studies have also investigated certain families of plant-related constituents and their potential immunomodulatory actions. In vivo and in vitro studies have reported the immunomodulatory effects of phytochemicals, which provide viable alternatives in the management of cytokine storm syndrome. The collective data from previous studies suggest that phytochemicals represent a potentially functional source of cytokine storm treatment and promote further exploration of these compounds as immunomodulatory agents for suppressing specific signalling cascade responses. Overall, the previous research findings support the use of phytochemicals as a complementary approach in managing cytokine storm and improving patient outcomes.
Targeting 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase-1 (OGG1) as a therapeutic strategy in inflammatory-related diseases

Samaila A, Basir R, Gambo Lawal M, Abas R, Abdullah MA, Abd Majid R, et al.

Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol, 2024 Aug 20.
PMID: 39164801 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2024.2391471

OBJECTIVE: Inflammatory diseases are influenced by oxidative stress. Oxidatively damaged 8-oxoG in DNA is linked to inflammation. The enzyme OGG1 is responsible for repairing the damaged base in the DNA which is linked to pro-inflammatory signaling and severe inflammation. This study aims to explore the potential of targeting OGG1 as a therapeutic strategy in inflammatory disease conditions.
METHODS: A comprehensive search and review of literature were conducted using appropriate scientific databases such as Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and other references to obtain relevant information that suited the title and content of this article.
RESULTS: Compelling pieces of evidence from many previous studies have shown the crucial role of the OGG1/8oxoG pathway in inflammatory disease conditions, leading to severe inflammatory response and death. Therefore, based on these pieces of evidence, targeting this enzyme (OGG1) using specific pharmacological inhibitors or interventions might lead to downregulation and amelioration of severe inflammation to reduce the morbimortality related to several disease conditions.
CONCLUSION: This review highlighted the molecular mechanism of OGG1 activity via the 8-oxo/OGG1 pathway and its role in inflammation and inflammatory disease conditions. Due to the paucity of studies involving OGG1in inflammatory infectious diseases, further research projects are needed to explore the therapeutic potential of various OGG1 inhibitors to serve as novel therapeutic strategies in infectious inflammatory diseases of medical importance in developing countries such as malaria, meningitis, tuberculosis among others.

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