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1. Fulltext Classification of neck/shoulder pain in epidemiological research: a comparison of personal and occupational characteristics, disability, and prognosis among 12,195 workers from 18 countries

   Sarquis LMM, Coggon D, Ntani G, Walker-Bone K, Palmer KT, Felli VE, et al.

   Pain, 2016 May;157(5):1028-1036.

   PMID: 26761390 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000000477

   Abstract

   To inform case definition for neck/shoulder pain in epidemiological research, we compared levels of disability, patterns of association, and prognosis for pain that was limited to the neck or shoulders (LNSP) and more generalised musculoskeletal pain that involved the neck or shoulder(s) (GPNS). Baseline data on musculoskeletal pain, disability, and potential correlates were collected by questionnaire from 12,195 workers in 47 occupational groups (mostly office workers, nurses, and manual workers) in 18 countries (response rate = 70%). Continuing pain after a mean interval of 14 months was ascertained through a follow-up questionnaire in 9150 workers from 45 occupational groups. Associations with personal and occupational factors were assessed by Poisson regression and summarised by prevalence rate ratios (PRRs). The 1-month prevalence of GPNS at baseline was much greater than that of LNSP (35.1% vs 5.6%), and it tended to be more troublesome and disabling. Unlike LNSP, the prevalence of GPNS increased with age. Moreover, it showed significantly stronger associations with somatising tendency (PRR 1.6 vs 1.3) and poor mental health (PRR 1.3 vs 1.1); greater variation between the occupational groups studied (prevalence ranging from 0% to 67.6%) that correlated poorly with the variation in LNSP; and was more persistent at follow-up (72.1% vs 61.7%). Our findings highlight important epidemiological distinctions between subcategories of neck/shoulder pain. In future epidemiological research that bases case definitions on symptoms, it would be useful to distinguish pain that is localised to the neck or shoulder from more generalised pain that happens to involve the neck/shoulder region.

   MeSH terms: Adult; Age Factors; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Disabled Persons*; Humans; International Cooperation; Male; Mental Health; Middle Aged; Occupational Diseases/epidemiology*; Surveys and Questionnaires; Risk Factors; Prevalence; Epidemiologic Studies; Age Distribution; Young Adult
2. Fulltext Challenges of Health Technology Assessment in Pluralistic Healthcare Systems: An ISPOR Council Report

   Drummond MF, Augustovski F, Bhattacharyya D, Campbell J, Chaiyakunapruk N, Chen Y, et al.

   Value Health, 2022 Aug;25(8):1257-1267.

   PMID: 35931428 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2022.02.006

   Abstract

   Health technology assessment (HTA) has been growing in use over the past 40 years, especially in its impact on decisions regarding the reimbursement, adoption, and use of new drugs, devices, and procedures. In countries or jurisdictions with "pluralistic" healthcare systems, there are multiple payers or sectors, each of which could potentially benefit from HTA. Nevertheless, a single HTA, conducted centrally, may not meet the needs of these different actors, who may have different budgets, current standards of care, populations to serve, or decision-making processes. This article reports on the research conducted by an ISPOR Health Technology Assessment Council Working Group established to examine the specific challenges of conducting and using HTA in countries with pluralistic healthcare systems. The Group used its own knowledge and expertise, supplemented by a narrative literature review and survey of US payers, to identify existing challenges and any initiatives taken to address them. We recommend that countries with pluralistic healthcare systems establish a national focus for HTA, develop a uniform set of HTA methods guidelines, ensure that HTAs are produced in a timely fashion, facilitate the use of HTA in the local setting, and develop a framework to encourage transparency in HTA. These efforts can be enhanced by the development of good practice guidance from ISPOR or similar groups and increased training to facilitate local use of HTA.

   MeSH terms: Budgets*; Delivery of Health Care; Humans
3. A comparison of Barkley's behavioral inhibition model (1997) with Barkley's updated executive functioning model in predicting adult ADHD symptoms: A preliminary report using structural equation modeling

   Panah MT, Taremian F, Dolatshahi B, Seddigh SH, Raeisian FS, Panah E

   Appl Neuropsychol Adult, 2025;32(1):140-152.

   PMID: 36576870 DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2022.2158441

   Abstract

   One of the most comprehensive approaches to explaining attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms is Barkley's behavioral inhibition model (BBIM) (1997), in which behavioral inhibition (BI) plays a primary role. Due to the substantial role of working memory (WM) in explaining ADHD symptoms, Barkley recently updated his model and elevated WM from a mediator variable (in BBIM) to a primary position as an exogenous variable alongside BI, and titled his new model as Barkley's updated executive functioning model (BUEFM). However, since the information about the explanatory power of the new model is sparse, this study aims to investigate the impact of this change in WM role by comparing these two models to explain ADHD symptoms. The study involved a sample of 184 (96 females and 88 males) undergraduate students with high ADHD symptoms who were selected using the purposive sampling method. For assessing models, we have utilized four tools that include: CNS-Vital Sign Test Battery; Barkley Deficit in Executive Functioning Scale; self-verbalization questionnaire (SVQ); and trail making test. We analyzed the data by running structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis using IBM AMOS software version 22. The results show that Model Comparison Measurement (e.g. AIC was 197.583 and 144.614 for BBIM and BUEFM, respectively) and Model Fit Indices (e.g. root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) obtained 0.076 and 0.067 for BBIM and BUEFM, respectively) representing that BUEFM had a better value than BBIM, which means that the BUEFM was considered better fitting to the data. The findings of this study show that BUEFM has more Predictive power than BBIM to predict symptoms of ADHD through the motor control fluency (MOT) variable.

   MeSH terms: Adolescent; Adult; Female; Humans; Inhibition (Psychology)*; Male; Models, Psychological; Neuropsychological Tests/standards; Young Adult
4. Giant Tuberculous Broncho-nodal Fistula

   Kho SS, Chai CS, Ho RL, Yong MC, Chan SK, Tie ST

   J Bronchology Interv Pulmonol, 2024 Jan 01;31(1):90-92.

   PMID: 37735753 DOI: 10.1097/LBR.0000000000000946

   MeSH terms: Esophageal Fistula*; Fistula*; Humans; Tuberculosis*
5. Advances in Therapeutic Cancer Vaccines, Their Obstacles, and Prospects Toward Tumor Immunotherapy

   Eskandari A, Leow TC, Rahman MBA, Oslan SN

   Mol Biotechnol, 2025 Apr;67(4):1336-1366.

   PMID: 38625508 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-024-01144-3

   Abstract

   Over the past few decades, cancer immunotherapy has experienced a significant revolution due to the advancements in immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and adoptive cell therapies (ACTs), along with their regulatory approvals. In recent times, there has been hope in the effectiveness of cancer vaccines for therapy as they have been able to stimulate de novo T-cell reactions against tumor antigens. These tumor antigens include both tumor-associated antigen (TAA) and tumor-specific antigen (TSA). Nevertheless, the constant quest to fully achieve these abilities persists. Therefore, this review offers a broad perspective on the existing status of cancer immunizations. Cancer vaccine design has been revolutionized due to the advancements made in antigen selection, the development of antigen delivery systems, and a deeper understanding of the strategic intricacies involved in effective antigen presentation. In addition, this review addresses the present condition of clinical tests and deliberates on their approaches, with a particular emphasis on the immunogenicity specific to tumors and the evaluation of effectiveness against tumors. Nevertheless, the ongoing clinical endeavors to create cancer vaccines have failed to produce remarkable clinical results as a result of substantial obstacles, such as the suppression of the tumor immune microenvironment, the identification of suitable candidates, the assessment of immune responses, and the acceleration of vaccine production. Hence, there are possibilities for the industry to overcome challenges and enhance patient results in the coming years. This can be achieved by recognizing the intricate nature of clinical issues and continuously working toward surpassing existing limitations.

   MeSH terms: Animals; Humans
6. Conservation of Endangered Cordyceps sinensis Through Artificial Cultivation Strategies of C. militaris, an Alternate

   Krishna KV, Balasubramanian B, Park S, Bhattacharya S, Kadanthottu Sebastian J, Liu WC, et al.

   Mol Biotechnol, 2025 Apr;67(4):1382-1397.

   PMID: 38658470 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-024-01154-1

   Abstract

   Cordyceps, an entomopathogenic fungus belonging to the Ascomycota phylum, is a familiar remedial mushroom that is extensively used in the traditional medicinal system, especially in South Asian nations. The significance of this genus' members in a range of therapeutic and biotechnological applications has long been acknowledged. The exceedingly valuable fungus Ophiocordyceps sinensis (Cordyceps sinensis) is found in the alpine meadows of Bhutan, Nepal, Tibet, and India, where it is severely harvested. Driven by market demand and ecological concerns, the study highlights challenges in natural C. sinensis collection and emphasizes the shift towards sustainable artificial cultivation methods. This in-depth review navigates Cordyceps cultivation strategies, focusing on C. sinensis and the viable alternative, C. militaris. The escalating demand for Cordyceps fruiting bodies and bioactive compounds prompts a shift toward sustainable artificial cultivation. While solid-state fermentation on brown rice remains a traditional method, liquid culture, especially submerged and surface/static techniques, emerges as a key industrial approach, offering shorter cultivation periods and enhanced cordycepin production. The review accentuates the adaptability and scalability of liquid culture, providing valuable insights for large-scale Cordyceps production. The future prospects of Cordyceps cultivation require a holistic approach, combining scientific understanding, technological innovation, and sustainable practices to meet the demand for bioactive metabolites while ensuring the conservation of natural Cordyceps populations.

   MeSH terms: Biotechnology/methods; Deoxyadenosines/metabolism; Fermentation; Fruiting Bodies, Fungal/growth & development; Endangered Species
7. Fulltext The Effects of Physical Activity Interventions on Children's Perception: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

   Zhao J, Xiang C, Tengku Fadilah TK, Luo H

   J Sports Sci Med, 2024 Jun;23(2):289-304.

   PMID: 38841637 DOI: 10.52082/jssm.2024.289

   Abstract

   Perception is an essential component of children's psychological development, which is foundational to children's ability to understand and adapt to their external environment. Perception is also a crucial tool for understand and navigating one's surroundings, enabling children to identify objects and react appropriately to settings or situations. Substantial evidence indicates that engaging in physical activity is beneficial for the development of children's perceptual abilities, as the two are closely intertwined. Still, more research is necessary to gain a full understanding of the impact of physical activity on children's perception. To further identify and quantify the effects of physical activity on a number of specific perceptions in children. Systematic review and meta-analysis. Searches were performed using five online databases (i.e., PubMed, SPORTDiscus, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library) for articles published up to and including June 2023 to identify eligible citations. A total of 12 randomized controlled trials, encompassing 1,761 children under the age of 12, were analyzed. Overall, physical activity as an intervention showed a notable effect on the development of children's perceptions. The meta-analysis indicated that participating in physical activity for 30 minutes around, daily, had a greater impact on children's visual perception and executive functioning than on their motor perception, body perception, and global self-worth (SMD = 1.33, 95% CI: 0.75, 1.91, p < 0.001). The effects of physical activity on children's perception performance varied by participant characteristics, with physical activity having better effects on body perception and overall self-worth in children who were obese or overweight. Furthermore, physical activity can also enhance executive function and attention in children with developmental coordination disorders. The effects of physical activity on children's perception performance varied according to the intervention time, with different activity durations resulting in different perception performances. Therefore, parents and educators must prioritize an appropriate length of physical activity time for children to ensure their optimal growth and development. Registration and protocol CRD42023441119.

   MeSH terms: Body Image; Child; Child Development; Humans; Visual Perception; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
8. Fulltext Combined Aerobic and Resistance Training Improves Body Composition, Alters Cardiometabolic Risk, and Ameliorates Cancer-Related Indicators in Breast Cancer Patients and Survivors with Overweight/Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

   Al-Mhanna SB, Batrakoulis A, Norhayati MN, Mohamed M, Drenowatz C, Irekeola AA, et al.

   J Sports Sci Med, 2024 Jun;23(2):366-395.

   PMID: 38841642 DOI: 10.52082/jssm.2024.366

   Abstract

   Breast cancer survivors with obesity are at a high risk of cancer recurrence, comorbidity, and mortality. This review aims to systematically evaluate the effects of combined aerobic and resistance training (CART) on body composition, lipid homeostasis, inflammation, adipokines, cancer-related fatigue, sleep, and quality of life in breast cancer patients and survivors with overweight/obesity. An electronic search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, Cochrane, and Google Scholar databases from inception up to January 8, 2024. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) meeting the inclusion criteria were selected for the analysis. The Cochrane risk of bias tool was used to assess eligible studies, and the GRADE method to evaluate the quality of evidence. A random-effects model was used, and data were analyzed using mean (MD) and standardized mean differences (SMD) for continuous variables with 95% confidence intervals (CI). We assessed the data for risk of bias, heterogeneity, sensitivity, reporting bias, and quality of evidence. A total of 17 randomized controlled trials were included in the systematic review involving 1,148 female patients and survivors (mean age: 54.0 ± 3.4 years). The primary outcomes showed significant improvements in body mass index (SMD -0.57 kg/m2, p = 0.04), body fat (SMD -0.50%, p = 0.02), fat mass (SMD -0.63 kg, p = 0.04), hip circumference (MD -3.14 cm, p = 0.02), and fat-free mass (SMD 1.03 kg, p < 0.001). The secondary outcomes indicated significant increases in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (MD -0.05 mmol/L, p = 0.008), natural killer cells (SMD 0.42%, p = 0.04), reductions in triglycerides (MD -81.90 mg/dL, p < 0.01), total cholesterol (SMD -0.95 mmol/L, p < 0.01), tumor necrosis factor α (SMD -0.89 pg/mL, p = 0.03), and leptin (SMD -0.63 ng/mL, p = 0.03). Also, beneficial alterations were found in cancer-related fatigue (SMD -0.98, p = 0.03), sleep (SMD -1.17, p < 0.001), and quality of life (SMD 2.94, p = 0.02) scores. There was very low to low confidence in the estimated effect of most of the outcomes. The present findings reveal that CART could be considered an adjunct therapy in supporting the conventional clinical approach observed following exercise. However, further high-quality research is needed to evaluate whether CART would be a valuable intervention to lower aggressive pharmacologic use in breast cancer patients with overweight/obesity.

   MeSH terms: Body Composition*; Breast Neoplasms*; Fatigue/etiology; Female; Humans; Quality of Life*; Sleep/physiology; Exercise; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic*; Overweight/therapy; Adipokines/blood
9. In-vitro and in-vivo evaluation of angiogenic potential of a novel lithium chloride loaded silk fibroin / alginate 3D porous scaffold with antibacterial activity, for promoting diabetic wound healing

   Bashiri Z, Sharifi AM, Ghafari M, Hosseini SJ, Shahmahmoodi Z, Moeinzadeh A, et al.

   Int J Biol Macromol, 2024 Oct;277(Pt 4):134362.

   PMID: 39089552 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134362

   Abstract

   Healing diabetic ulcers with chronic inflammation is a major challenge for researchers and professionals, necessitating new strategies. To rapidly treat diabetic wounds in rat models, we have fabricated a composite scaffold composed of alginate (Alg) and silk fibroin (SF) as a wound dressing that is laden with molecules of lithium chloride (LC). The physicochemical, bioactivity, and biocompatibility properties of Alg-SF-LC scaffolds were investigated in contrast to those of Alg, SF, and Alg-SF ones. Afterward, full-thickness wounds were ulcerated in diabetic rats in order to evaluate the capacity of LC-laden scaffolds to regenerate skin. The characterization findings demonstrated that the composite scaffolds possessed favorable antibacterial properties, cell compatibility, high swelling, controlled degradability, and good uniformity in the interconnected pore microstructure. Additionally, in terms of wound contraction, re-epithelialization, and angiogenesis improvement, LC-laden scaffolds revealed better performance in diabetic wound healing than the other groups. This research indicates that utilizing lithium chloride molecules loaded in biological materials supports the best diabetic ulcer regeneration in vivo, and produces a skin replacement with a cellular structure comparable to native skin.

   MeSH terms: Animals; Biocompatible Materials/pharmacology; Biocompatible Materials/chemistry; Male; Porosity; Neovascularization, Physiologic/drug effects; Rats
10. Direct and Indirect Mapping of Assessment of Quality of Life - 6 Dimensions (AQoL-6D) Onto EQ-5D-5L Utilities Using Data From a Multicenter, Cross-Sectional Study of Malaysians With Chronic Heart Failure

    Tan YJ, Ong SC

    Value Health, 2024 Dec;27(12):1762-1770.

    PMID: 39127252 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2024.07.016

    Abstract

    OBJECTIVES: The Assessment of Quality of Life - 6 Dimensions (AQoL-6D), a generic preference-based measure, is an appealing alternative to EQ-5D-5L for assessing health status in patients with chronic heart failure (HF), given its expanded scope. However, without a Malaysian value set, the AQoL-6D cannot generate health state utility values (HSUVs) to support local economic evaluations. This study intended to develop algorithms for predicting EQ-5D-5L HSUVs from AQoL-6D in an HF population.

    METHODS: Cross-sectional data from a multicenter cohort of 419 HF outpatients were used. Both direct and indirect mapping approaches were attempted using 5 sets of explanatory variables and 8 models (ordinary least squares, Tobit, censored least absolute deviations, generalized linear model, 2-part model [TPM], beta regression-based model, adjusted limited dependent variable mixture model, and multinomial ordinal regression [MLOGIT]). The models' predictive performance was assessed through 10-fold cross-validated mean absolute error [MAE] and root mean squared error [RMSE]). Potential prediction bias was also examined graphically. The best-performing models, with the lowest RMSE and no bias, were then identified.

    RESULTS: Among the models evaluated, TPM, which included age, sex, and 5 AQoL-6D dimension scores as predictors, appears to be the best-performing model for directly predicting EQ-5D-5L HSUVs from AQoL-6D. TPM yielded the lowest MAE (0.0802) and RMSE (0.1116), and demonstrated predictive accuracy for HSUVs >0.2 without significant bias. A MLOGIT model developed for response mapping had suboptimal predictive accuracy.

    CONCLUSIONS: This study developed potentially useful mapping algorithms for generating Malaysian EQ-5D-5L HSUVs from AQoL-6D responses among patients with HF when direct EQ-5D-5L data are unavailable.

    MeSH terms: Aged; Algorithms; Chronic Disease; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Health Status; Humans; Malaysia; Male; Middle Aged; Quality of Life*; Surveys and Questionnaires