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  1. Fulltext The Role of Heme Oxygenase-1 Promoter Polymorphisms in Perinatal Disease
    Nakasone R, Ashina M, Abe S, Tanimura K, Van Rostenberghe H, Fujioka K
    Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2021 03 29;18(7).
    PMID: 33805292 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18073520
    Heme oxygenase (HO) is the rate-limiting enzyme in the heme catabolic pathway, which degrades heme into equimolar amounts of carbon monoxide, free iron, and biliverdin. Its inducible isoform, HO-1, has multiple protective functions, including immune modulation and pregnancy maintenance, showing dynamic alteration during perinatal periods. As its contribution to the development of perinatal complications is speculated, two functional polymorphisms of the HMOX1 gene, (GT)n repeat polymorphism (rs3074372) and A(-413)T single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (rs2071746), were studied for their association with perinatal diseases. We systematically reviewed published evidence on HMOX1 polymorphisms in perinatal diseases and clarified their possible significant contribution to neonatal jaundice development, presumably due to their direct effect of inducing HO enzymatic activity in the bilirubin-producing pathway. However, the role of these polymorphisms seems limited for other perinatal complications such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia. We speculate that this is because the antioxidant or anti-inflammatory effect is not directly mediated by HO but by its byproducts, resulting in a milder effect. For better understanding, subtyping each morbidity by the level of exposure to causative environmental factors, simultaneous analysis of both polymorphisms, and the unified definition of short and long alleles in (GT)n repeats based on transcriptional capacity should be further investigated.
  2. Fulltext Exploring Awareness, Usage, Motivations, and Barriers of Question Prompt Lists Among Asian National Cancer Centers Alliance (ANCCA) Members
    O'Brien E, Nishimata N, Obama K, Okamura M, Shimazu T, Kobayashi N, et al.
    Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2026 Oct 01;27(10):3599-3609.
    PMID: 42935050 DOI: 10.31557/APJCP.2026.27.10.3599
    OBJECTIVES: Effective communication between cancer patients and healthcare providers is essential for patient-centered care and often depends on patients asking questions during consultations. The Question Prompt List (QPL) is a structured communication tool designed to encourage patients to ask questions and support informed decision-making. Most studies on QPL implementation have been conducted in Western countries, where communication practices differ from those in Asia. This study aimed to assess awareness of and willingness to use QPLs among cancer care providers affiliated with the Asian National Cancer Centers Alliance (ANCCA).

    STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional, semi-structured online survey.

    METHODS: An anonymized, self-administered, semi-structured online survey was conducted via Google Forms between July and October 2024. Survey invitations were distributed via email, professional networks, and social media where appropriate. The survey assessed respondents' demographics, respondents' prior use of QPLs (Yes/No), prior awareness of the existence of QPLs (Yes/No), preferred communication style (single-response, multiple-choice), and perceived barriers and facilitators to implementation (open-ended response). All questions excluding the two open-ended questions were required for submission. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze quantitative data, and thematic analysis following Braun and Clarke's framework was used for open-ended responses.

    RESULTS: Among 85 respondents, 84.7% reported being unaware of QPLs, and 22.4% reported having implemented QPLs in their clinical practice. Among respondents who had not implemented QPLs, 68.2% indicated that they were "Somewhat" or "Very" willing to implement them.  Most respondents favored communication styles that emphasize sharing information (16.4%), open and inclusive communication (15.6%), and supportive counseling (15.6%). QPLs are aligned with current attitudes toward patient-provider communication in ANCCA countries.

    CONCLUSION: There is substantial opportunity to introduce QPLs across ANCCA countries. This study provides foundational evidence to guide their effective implementation, promoting patient-centered care in Asia.

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