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  1. Multiple umbilical cord strictures in a case of intrauterine foetal demise
    Chew MX, Teoh PY, Wong YP, Tan GC
    Malays J Pathol, 2019 Dec;41(3):365-368.
    PMID: 31901924
    INTRODUCTION: Umbilical cord abnormalities include short cord, long cord, knots, hyper-coiling, hypo-coiling, stricture, single umbilical artery, supernumerary umbilical vessels, cystic and vascular malformation, and abnormal insertion of cord like velamentous and furcate insertions. We report a case of intrauterine death in a fetus with multiple umbilical cord strictures and vascular thrombosis.

    CASE REPORT: A 35-year-old woman delivered a stillborn female fetus at 33 weeks of gestation. No fetal anomaly was detected. Examination of the umbilical cord showed multiple strictures, located 4.5 cm and 20 cm from the placental insertion site. Microscopically, the stricture site showed Wharton's jelly being replaced by fibrosis with presence of vascular thrombosis.

    DISCUSSION: Umbilical cord stricture is uncommon and has been described to be associated with intrauterine fetal death and a possibility of recurrent. There is a need to counsel the parents and close fetal surveillance in subsequent pregnancy is advise since the risk of recurrent remains uncertain.

    Matched MeSH terms: Constriction, Pathologic/pathology*
  2. Stereotactic neuroendoscopic management of hydrocephalus: a three-year follow-up and analysis of Malaysian children with aqueduct stenosis
    Abdullah J, Ariff AR, Ghazaime G, Naing NN
    Stereotact Funct Neurosurg, 2001;76(3-4):175-80.
    PMID: 12378096
    The beneficial effects of stereotactic third ventriculostomy versus ventriculoperitoneal shunt were evaluated in 62 paediatric patients and analysed in relation to age, sex, clinical history, presence of meningomyelocele, magnetic resonance imaging measurements of hydrocephalus and third ventricle floor size. The third ventriculostomy were done on 50 patients using the Richard-Wolf Caemaert Endoscope and the Leksell Stereotactic Frame Model G. These patients were operated using the 4-French Fogarty catheter to open the base of the third ventricle. During the same period of study 12 paediatric patients with aqueduct stenosis who were managed by ventriculoperitoneal shunt were included. Both surgical procedures were compared. Statistically univariate analysis revealed that those patient with an age group of more than six months undergoing ventriculostomy had good outcome. Multivariate analysis revealed that past history of haemorrhage and/or meningitis were predictors of poor outcome. Sex, size of lumbar meningocele at birth, abnormal ventricular anatomy or narrow third ventricular floor size were non predictors of bad outcome in these patients. There was no difference in outcome in both the shunt or ventriculostomy group.
    Matched MeSH terms: Constriction, Pathologic/pathology
  3. Internal auditory canal stenosis in congenital sensorineural hearing loss
    Sakina MS, Goh BS, Abdullah A, Zulfiqar MA, Saim L
    Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol, 2006 Dec;70(12):2093-7.
    PMID: 16996619
    Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) due to internal auditory canal (IAC) stenosis with hypoplasia of the cochleovestibular nerve is a rare disorder. The diagnosis of the IAC stenosis requires both high resolution computed tomography scan (HRCT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
    Matched MeSH terms: Constriction, Pathologic/pathology
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