Strain MUSC 117(T) was isolated from mangrove soil of the Tanjung Lumpur forest in Pahang, Malaysia. This bacterium was yellowish-white pigmented, Gram-staining-positive, rod-coccus shaped and non-motile. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence, strain MUSC 117(T) exhibited highest sequence similarity to Sinomonas atrocyanea DSM 20127(T) (98.0 %), Sinomonas albida LC13(T) (97.9 %) and Sinomonas soli CW 59(T) (97.8 %), and lower (<97.6 %) sequence similarity to other species of the genus Sinomonas. DNA-DNA hybridization experiments revealed a low level of DNA-DNA relatedness (less than 27 %) between strain MUSC 117(T) and closely related species. Chemotaxonomically, the peptidoglycan type was A3α, containing the amino acids lysine, serine, glycine, alanine, glutamic acid and muramic acid. The whole-cell sugars detected were rhamnose, ribose, glucose, galactose and a smaller amount of mannose. The polar lipids consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol and five unidentified glycolipids. The major fatty acids (>10.0 %) of the cell membrane were anteiso-C15 : 0 (39.4 %), C18 : 1ω7c (17.7 %), anteiso-C17 : 0 (17.2 %) and iso-C16 : 0 (11.4 %). The predominant respiratory quinones detected were MK-9(H2) and MK-9. The DNA G+C content was 67.3 mol%. A comparison of BOX-PCR fingerprints indicated that strain MUSC 117(T) represented a unique DNA profile. Results based on a polyphasic approach showed that strain MUSC 117(T) represents a novel species of the genus Sinomonas, for which the name Sinomonas humi sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Sinomonas humi sp. nov. is MUSC 117(T) ( = DSM 29362(T) = MCCC 1K00410(T) = NBRC 110653(T)).
A Gram-staining-negative, aerobic, yellow-orange-pigmented, rod-shaped bacterium designated D-24T was isolated from seawater from sandy shoreline in Johor, Malaysia. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that strain D-24T is affiliated with the genus Vitellibacter. It shared more than 96 % sequence similarity with the types of some of the validly published species of the genus: Vitellibactervladivostokensis KMM 3516T (99.5 %), Vitellibactersoesokkakensis RSSK-12T (97.3 %), VitellibacterechinoideorumCC-CZW007T (96.9 %), VitellibacternionensisVBW088T (96.7 %) and Vitellibacteraestuarii JCM 15496T (96.3 %). DNA-DNA hybridization and genome-based analysis of average nucleotide identity (ANI) of strain D-24T versus V.vladivostokensisKMM 3516T exhibited values of 35.9±0.14 % and 89.26 %, respectively. Strain D-24T showed an even lower ANI value of 80.88 % with V. soesokkakensis RSSK-12T. The major menaquinone of strain D-24T was MK-6, and the predominant fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0 and iso-C17 : 0 3-OH. Strain D-24T contained major amounts of phosphatidylethanolamine, two lipids and two aminolipids, and a phosphoglycolipid that was different to that of other species of the genus Vitellibacter. The genomic DNA G+C content was 40.6 mol%. On the basis of phenotypic properties, DNA-DNA relatedness, ANI value and chemotaxonomic analyses, strain D-24T represents a novel species of the genus Vitellibacter, for which the name Vitellibacter aquimaris sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is D-24T (=KCTC 42708T=DSM 101732T).