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  1. Fulltext Behavioral Pathways Linking Hypocritical Leadership to Knowledge Hiding in Healthcare: A Three-Wave Study of Nurses
    Ullah MA, Abdelwahab MM, Hassan MM, Ameeq M
    Behav Sci (Basel), 2026 Oct 20;16(10).
    PMID: 42938670 DOI: 10.3390/bs16101952
    Knowledge hiding is a counterproductive workplace behavior that can undermine collaboration, organizational effectiveness, and healthcare quality. This study examined the behavioral mechanisms linking hypocritical leadership to knowledge hiding among nurses by investigating the sequential mediating roles of workplace incivility and workplace cheating behavior. Guided by social learning theory and behavioral integrity theory, a three-wave time-lagged survey was conducted among 299 registered nurses working in a tertiary healthcare hospital in Southern Punjab, Pakistan. Data were analyzed using Hayes' PROCESS Model 6 to evaluate direct and sequential mediation effects. The findings showed that hypocritical leadership was positively associated with workplace incivility and workplace cheating behavior. The direct association between leaders' hypocrisy and knowledge hiding was not statistically significant, whereas the indirect effects through workplace incivility and workplace cheating behavior were significant, indicating an indirect-only mediation. This suggests that the association between hypocritical leadership and knowledge hiding is established through intermediate behavioral mechanisms, while the direct effect is not statistically distinguishable from zero in this sample. Furthermore, the sequential mediation pathway from hypocritical leadership through workplace incivility and workplace cheating behavior to knowledge hiding was supported. These findings suggest that leadership hypocrisy is associated with a behavioral environment characterized by incivility and unethical workplace conduct, which in turn is related to employees' tendency to conceal knowledge. Promoting ethical leadership and respectful workplace interactions may be associated with a lower level of counterproductive workplace behaviors and may support a collaborative knowledge-sharing culture in healthcare organizations.
  2. Spatiotemporal analysis of acute respiratory infection burden among adults aged 15-79 years: A cross-sectional study
    Hassan MM, Abdelwahab MM, Ameeq M, Kargbo A
    Heart Lung, 2026 Nov;80:102966.
    PMID: 42843111 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrtlng.2026.102966
    BACKGROUND: Acute respiratory infections (ARIs) remain a major cause of morbidity in low- and middle-income countries, yet evidence among working-age adults is limited. This study investigated the prevalence, spatiotemporal distribution, and clinical determinants of ARIs among adults in South Punjab, Pakistan, to inform strategies for improving respiratory health and patient outcomes.

    METHODS: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted between November 2025 and February 2026 among 1150 adults aged 15-79 years attending hospitals in Multan, Bahawalpur, and Muzaffargarh. Participants were selected using multistage systematic sampling. Structured interviews collected demographic, environmental, and clinical data. Spatial analyses were performed using GeoDa, while multivariable binary and multinomial logistic regression identified factors associated with ARI occurrence and symptom severity.

    RESULTS: Overall, 38.6% of participants reported ARI symptoms. Spatial analyses demonstrated geographic clustering, with the highest burden observed in Multan. Independent predictors of ARIs included biomass fuel use (AOR 4.56, 95% CI 3.12-6.67), indoor smoking (AOR 3.45, 95% CI 2.48-4.80), visible household mould or dampness (AOR 5.67, 95% CI 3.89-8.26), low educational attainment (AOR 1.95, 95% CI 1.42-2.68), and residence in Muzaffargarh (AOR 1.82, 95% CI 1.32-2.51). Symptom severity increased significantly with biomass fuel exposure, indoor smoking, damp housing, and winter months.

    CONCLUSIONS: Household environmental exposures and geographic variation were associated with the burden and severity of ARIs among hospital-attending adults. Targeted interventions to reduce household air pollution, improve housing conditions, strengthen seasonal surveillance, and prioritize high-risk communities may improve respiratory outcomes and support evidence-based cardiopulmonary care in resource-limited settings.

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