METHOD: This study systematically reviewed articles from 2013 to 2024 across five prominent databases; PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Scopus, and Science Direct, EMBASE, Cochrane library and DOAJ. The study eligibility criteria include original studies assessing using gastric cancer cell lines and articles utilizing extracted andrographolide from Andrographis paniculata or standard andrographolide source treatment. The following exclusion criteria were articles written in a different language, review articles, book chapters, conference articles, scientific reports. Duplicated articles were removed using Mendeley software.
RESULT: Out of 93 articles, six were relevant, primarily focusing on in vitro analyses with gastric adenocarcinoma cell lines.
CONCLUSION: These studies indicate that andrographolide can hinder the cell cycle, suppress cell proliferation, alleviate oxidative stress, and induce apoptosis by prompting gastric cancer cells to undergo self-destruction, which is a crucial mechanism for controlling and eliminating cancerous growths.
METHODS: The broth microdilution method was used to assess antimicrobial efficacy by calculating the percentage of microbial inhibition. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined for A. paniculata and commercial intimate washes against the tested pathogens, except for L. crispatus, due to the inability to observe turbidity. Minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) was evaluated for the A. paniculata intimate wash against the same pathogens.
RESULTS: The A. paniculata intimate wash showed the highest percentage of microbial inhibition across all tested pathogens. It also recorded MIC and MBC values of 3.125 mg/ml against E. coli and C. albicans. Among commercial products, SebaMed® demonstrated the strongest antimicrobial effect against S. agalactiae at the same MIC concentration. The study concluded that the A. paniculata intimate wash is a potentially effective treatment for selected vaginal pathogens at higher concentrations and may promote the growth of L. crispatus. SebaMed®, a clinically established product, also exhibited notable antimicrobial properties. However, further in vivo and clinical trials are necessary to confirm efficacy and assess toxicity. The study highlights the need for continued research into the potential of herbal intimate washes for treating vaginal infections.