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  1. Khan MAB, BaHammam AS, Amanatullah A, Obaideen K, Arora T, Ali H, et al.
    Front Nutr, 2023;10:1040355.
    PMID: 36969823 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1040355
    BACKGROUND: Of around 2 billion Muslims worldwide, approximately 1.5 billion observe Ramadan fasting (RF) month. Those that observe RF have diverse cultural, ethnic, social, and economic backgrounds and are distributed over a wide geographical area. Sleep is known to be significantly altered during the month of Ramadan, which has a profound impact on human health. Moreover, sleep is closely connected to dietary and lifestyle behaviors.

    METHODS: This cross-sectional study collected data using a structured, self-administered electronic questionnaire that was translated into 13 languages and disseminated to Muslim populations across 27 countries. The questionnaire assessed dietary and lifestyle factors as independent variables, and three sleep parameters (quality, duration, and disturbance) as dependent variables. We performed structural equation modeling (SEM) to examine how dietary and lifestyle factors affected these sleep parameters.

    RESULTS: In total, 24,541 adults were enrolled in this study. SEM analysis revealed that during RF, optimum sleep duration (7-9 h) was significantly associated with sufficient physical activity (PA) and consuming plant-based proteins. In addition, smoking was significantly associated with greater sleep disturbance and lower sleep quality. Participants that consumed vegetables, fruits, dates, and plant-based proteins reported better sleep quality. Infrequent consumption of delivered food and infrequent screen time were also associated with better sleep quality. Conflicting results were found regarding the impact of dining at home versus dining out on the three sleep parameters.

    CONCLUSION: Increasing the intake of fruits, vegetables, and plant-based proteins are important factors that could help improve healthy sleep for those observing RF. In addition, regular PA and avoiding smoking may contribute to improving sleep during RF.

  2. BaHammam AS, Al-Abri MA, Al Oweidat K, Amra B, Chan JWY, Chirakalwasan N, et al.
    J Clin Sleep Med, 2024 Dec 03.
    PMID: 39625189 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.11484
    STUDY OBJECTIVES: To develop a comprehensive Asian adult sleep medicine fellowship training curriculum to address the significant disparities in sleep medicine training across Asia, guided by the principle of "One Curriculum, Many Contexts," providing a standardized yet adaptable framework for sleep medicine education across the diverse healthcare landscapes of Asian countries.

    METHODS: The curriculum development process involved a gap analysis, comprehensive literature review, and expert consensus through a modified RAND appropriateness method (RAM)/Delphi survey.

    RESULTS: The curriculum offers two flexible tracks: a one-year program (Track A) and a two-year program (Track B), accommodating varied educational pathways and healthcare system structures across Asia. Key features of the curriculum include detailed learning outcomes, competency-based educational content, and recommendations for teaching and learning activities. The assessment strategy incorporates summative and formative methods, with standard setting and program evaluation guidelines. The curriculum also provides recommendations for program accreditation, fellow-faculty ratios, and funding considerations.

    CONCLUSIONS: The Asian adult sleep medicine fellowship training curriculum provides a standardized yet adaptable framework for sleep medicine education across diverse Asian healthcare landscapes. By emphasizing flexibility and customization while maintaining high training standards, the curriculum aims to bridge the gap in sleep medicine training across Asia, ultimately improving the quality of sleep healthcare and patient outcomes throughout the region.

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