MyMedR

Displaying all 2 publications

Abstract:

Sort:

Proteostasis disruption and senescence in Alzheimer's disease pathways to neurodegeneration

Thapa R, Ahmad Bhat A, Shahwan M, Ali H, PadmaPriya G, Bansal P, et al.

Brain Res, 2024 Dec 15;1845:149202.
PMID: 39216694 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149202

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a progressive neurological disease associated with behavioral abnormalities, memory loss, and cognitive impairment that cause major causes of dementia in the elderly. The pathogenetic processes cause complex effects on brain function and AD progression. The proper protein homeostasis, or proteostasis, is critical for cell health. AD causes the buildup of misfolded proteins, particularly tau and amyloid-beta, to break down proteostasis, such aggregates are toxic to neurons and play a critical role in AD pathogenesis. The rise of cellular senescence is accompanied by aging, marked by irreversible cell cycle arrest and the release of pro-inflammatory proteins. Senescent cell build-up in the brains of AD patients exacerbates neuroinflammation and neuronal degeneration. These cells senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) also disturbs the brain environment. When proteostasis failure and cellular senescence coalesce, a cycle is generated that compounds each other. While senescent cells contribute to proteostasis breakdown through inflammatory and degradative processes, misfolded proteins induce cellular stress and senescence. The principal aspects of the neurodegenerative processes in AD are the interaction of cellular senescence and proteostasis failure. This review explores the interconnected roles of proteostasis disruption and cellular senescence in the pathways leading to neurodegeneration in AD.
Prostate cancer burden in South Asia: A systematic analysis of global burden of disease data (1990-2021)

Kumar V, Jena D, Zahiruddin QS, Roopashree R, Kaur M, Srivastava M, et al.

Int J Urol, 2024 Dec 13.
PMID: 39670291 DOI: 10.1111/iju.15641

OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to analyze trends in prostate cancer incidence, incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) from 1990 to 2021 via data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study in South Asia. Additionally, the study projects future prostate cancer incidence rates up to 2031 to inform public health interventions in South Asia.
METHODS: Data covering South Asian countries such as Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, and Pakistan were obtained from the GBD 2021 portal. Age-standardized rates (ASRs) for prostate cancer metrics, including incidence (ASIR), prevalence (ASPR), mortality (ASMR), and DALYs (ASDR), were analyzed via joinpoint and ARIMA modeling techniques. Geographic variations in ASRs were mapped via QGIS software.
RESULTS: The prostate cancer ASIR, ASPR, and ASDR significantly increased from 1990 to 2021, particularly among individuals aged 60-65 years. The highest incidence and mortality rates were observed in Pakistan. The total percentage change in incidence in India was the highest at 61%. Projections indicate a continued rise in prostate cancer incidence, with South Asia's ASIR expected to reach 9.34 per 100 000 by 2031.
CONCLUSIONS: The growing burden of prostate cancer in South Asia highlights the need for enhanced screening programs, public awareness, and healthcare infrastructure improvements. Without intervention, the increasing incidence and mortality rates could strain healthcare resources, emphasizing the urgency of region-specific public health strategies.

Filters

Please provide feedback to Administrator (afdal@afpm.org.my)

External Links