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  1. Ritchie GM, Keech AC, ASPAC Collaborative Group
    Heart Lung Circ, 2001;10(1):24-9.
    PMID: 16352021
    Age-adjusted death rates for coronary heart disease (CHD) have been decreasing in populations of developed countries. At the same time, CHD in the Asia-Pacific region appears to be increasing in parallel with the 'Westernisation' of diet and lifestyle. More epidemiological information is needed from the Asia-Pacific region in order to be able to predict trends in CHD and to plan resources for treatment. In this paper we outline the study design of a survey of coronary heart disease risk factors in Asia-Pacific countries.
  2. Keech AC, Oyama K, Sever PS, Tang M, Murphy SA, Hirayama A, et al.
    Circ J, 2021 Oct 25;85(11):2063-2070.
    PMID: 33980763 DOI: 10.1253/circj.CJ-20-1051
    BACKGROUND: There are concerns that Asian patients respond differently to some medications. This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of evolocumab among Asian vs. other subjects in the FOURIER trial, which randomized stable atherosclerosis patients to receive either evolocumab or placebo.Methods and Results:Effects of adding evolocumab vs. placebo to background statin therapy on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) reductions, cardiovascular outcomes, and adverse events were compared among 27,564 participants with atherosclerotic disease, according to self-reported Asian (n=2,723) vs. other (n=24,841) races followed for a median of 2.2 years in the FOURIER trial. The primary endpoint was a composite of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, stroke, hospitalization for unstable angina, or coronary revascularization. At randomization, Asians had slightly lower LDL-C (median 89 [IQR 78-104] mg/dL vs. 92 [80-109] mg/dL; P<0.001) and were much less likely to be on a high-intensity statin (33.3% vs. 73.3%; P<0.001). Evolocumab lowered LDL-C more in Asians than in others (66% vs. 58%; P<0.001). The effect of evolocumab on the primary endpoint was similar in Asians (HR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.61-1.03) and others (HR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.79-0.93; P interaction=0.55). There was no excess of serious adverse events with evolocumab among Asians over others.

    CONCLUSIONS: Use of evolocumab robustly lowers LDL-C and is equally efficacious in lowering the risk of cardiovascular events and safe in Asians as it is in others.

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