METHODOLOGY: A total of 52 dengue patients (26 dengue with warning signs and 26 dengue without warning signs) were enrolled. Microarray analysis was utilised to profile miRNA derived from plasma extracellular vesicles to identify potential biomarkers associated with disease progression. Target genes were predicted bioinformatically to construct a miRNA-mRNA interaction network and identify key hub genes. The expression levels of miRNAs were validated through quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), and their diagnostic efficacy was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Additional functional enrichment analysis, gene ontology, and co-expression studies were conducted. An in vitro experiment using THP-1 cells investigated how hsa-miR-107 regulates P2RY12 expression, with further validation of P2RY12 levels through RT-qPCR using GAPDH as a reference.

RESULTS: Microarray profiling identified 24 upregulated miRNAs in dengue patients with warning signs, notably hsa-miR-107 and hsa-miR-6879-5p, which were selected as potential biomarkers. Correlation analysis revealed that platelet count exhibited a statistically significant, moderate positive correlation with the hsa-miR-107 expression value. ROC analysis demonstrated strong diagnostic performance, linking these miRNAs to the platelet dysfunction and altered vascular permeability associated with disease severity. Furthermore, functional analysis supported the involvement of these pathways in dengue pathogenesis, and in vitro transfection confirmed that hsa-miR-107 actively decreases P2RY12 expression.