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  1. Clinical utility of procalcitonin in implementation of procalcitonin-guided antibiotic stewardship in the South-East Asia and India: evidence and consensus-based recommendations
    Kwa AL, Aninda Sidharta BR, Son DN, Zirpe K, Periyasamy P, Plongla R, et al.
    Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther, 2024;22(1-3):45-58.
    PMID: 38112181 DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2023.2296066
    INTRODUCTION: The South-East Asian (SEA) region and India are highly susceptible to antibiotic resistance, which is caused due to lack of antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) knowledge, uncontrolled use of antibiotics, and poor infection control. Nonadherence to national/local guidelines, developed to combat antimicrobial resistance, is a major concern. A virtual advisory board was conducted to understand the current AMS standards and challenges in its implementation in these regions.

    AREAS COVERED: Procalcitonin (PCT)-guided antibiotic use was discussed in various clinical conditions across initiation, management, and discontinuation stages. Most experts strongly recommended using PCT-driven antibiotic therapy among patients with lower respiratory tract infections, sepsis, and COVID-19. However, additional research is required to understand the optimal use of PCT in patients with organ transplantation and cancer patients with febrile neutropenia. Implementation of the solutions discussed in this review can help improve PCT utilization in guiding AMS in these regions and reducing challenges.

    EXPERT OPINION: Experts strongly support the inclusion of PCT in AMS. They believe that PCT in combination with other clinical data to guide antibiotic therapy may result in more personalized and precise targeted antibiotic treatment. The future of PCT in antibiotic treatment is promising and may result in effective utilization of this biomarker.

  2. Fulltext Erratum to: Antimicrobials: a global alliance for optimizing their rational use in intra-abdominal infections (AGORA)
    Sartelli M, Weber DG, Ruppé E, Bassetti M, Wright BJ, Ansaloni L, et al.
    World J Emerg Surg, 2017;12:35.
    PMID: 28785301 DOI: 10.1186/s13017-017-0147-0
    [This corrects the article DOI: 10.1186/s13017-016-0089-y.].
  3. Fulltext Antimicrobials: a global alliance for optimizing their rational use in intra-abdominal infections (AGORA)
    Sartelli M, Weber DG, Ruppé E, Bassetti M, Wright BJ, Ansaloni L, et al.
    World J Emerg Surg, 2016;11:33.
    PMID: 27429642 DOI: 10.1186/s13017-016-0089-y
    Intra-abdominal infections (IAI) are an important cause of morbidity and are frequently associated with poor prognosis, particularly in high-risk patients. The cornerstones in the management of complicated IAIs are timely effective source control with appropriate antimicrobial therapy. Empiric antimicrobial therapy is important in the management of intra-abdominal infections and must be broad enough to cover all likely organisms because inappropriate initial antimicrobial therapy is associated with poor patient outcomes and the development of bacterial resistance. The overuse of antimicrobials is widely accepted as a major driver of some emerging infections (such as C. difficile), the selection of resistant pathogens in individual patients, and for the continued development of antimicrobial resistance globally. The growing emergence of multi-drug resistant organisms and the limited development of new agents available to counteract them have caused an impending crisis with alarming implications, especially with regards to Gram-negative bacteria. An international task force from 79 different countries has joined this project by sharing a document on the rational use of antimicrobials for patients with IAIs. The project has been termed AGORA (Antimicrobials: A Global Alliance for Optimizing their Rational Use in Intra-Abdominal Infections). The authors hope that AGORA, involving many of the world's leading experts, can actively raise awareness in health workers and can improve prescribing behavior in treating IAIs.
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