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  1. Zulkifli Ahmad, Mohd Najeb Jamaludin, Abdul Hafidz Omar
    Movement Health & Exercise, 2018;7(1):15-25.
    MyJurnal
    Physical fatigue or muscle fatigue is a common problem that affects people
    who are vigorously involved in activities that require endurance movements.
    It becomes more complicated to measure the fatigue level when the dynamic
    motion of the activity is included. Therefore, this paper aims to develop a
    wearable device that can be used for monitoring physical fatigue condition
    during aerobic exercise. A 10-bit analog to digital converter (ADC) microcontroller
    board was used to process the data sensed by Ag/AgCl electrodes
    and real-time transmitted to the computer through Bluetooth's technology.
    The wearable was attached to the knee and connected to the biopotential
    electrodes for sensing the muscle movement and convert it into the electrical
    signal. The signal then processed by using the fourth-order Butterworth filter
    to filter the low-pass filter frequency and eliminate the noise signal. The
    results reveal that the fatigue level increased gradually based on the rating of
    perceived exertion (RPE), using 10-point Borg's scale, which is rated by the
    subject’s feeling. Both muscle's activities in lower limb rise as speed is
    increased, and it was also observed that the rectus femoris is functioning
    more than gastrocnemius due to the size of muscle fiber. Furthermore, it
    was established that the maximum volumetric contraction (MVC) could be
    used as a reference and indicator for measuring the percentage of contraction
    in pre-fatigue but not to fatigue induced experiment. However, this wearable
    device for EMG is promising to measure the muscle signal in the dynamic
    motion of movement. Consequently, this device is beneficial for a coach to
    monitor their athlete's level of exhaustion to be not over-exercise, which also
    can prevent severe injury.
  2. Nurul Farha Zainuddin, Mohd Najeb Jamaludin, Izwyn Zulkapri, Abdul Hafidz Omar
    Movement Health & Exercise, 2019;8(2):31-44.
    MyJurnal
    Neuroscience is a discipline in cycling performance that has become increasingly significant as its methodologies have developed and progressed. The methodological approach incorporated with technological advancements such as electroencephalogram (EEG) contributes to vast novelty in the area of sports neuroscience. As the nature of cycling performance works much with human and mechanical components associated with cardiovascular function and muscular force production, it directly involves the elements of neurophysiology and neuromechanics in applying sports science towards cycling performances. The integration of these two sub-disciplines of neuroscience is connected with brain activity function. Therefore, the authors aimed to develop a conceptual framework integrating brain activity into a physiological and biomechanical function primarily for cycling performance. This conceptual framework will offer a direction for future studies related to brain activity, neurophysiology and neuromechanics.
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