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  1. Atarhim MA, Manap J, Mastor KA, Mokhtar MK, Yusof A, Zabidi AFM
    J Nurs Meas, 2023 Jun 01;31(2):202-218.
    PMID: 37277156 DOI: 10.1891/JNM-2021-0012
    Background & Purpose: This study aims to consolidate expert views and validated 371 items for developing spiritual intelligence instrument for Muslim nurses guided by the Spiritual Intelligence Model for Human Excellence (SIMHE). Methods: A Fuzzy Delphi Method (FDM) was used to validate these items and analyzed with Triangular Fuzzy Numbers and Defuzzification process. Views from 20 experts from three different backgrounds, namely, theology/Sufism, psychology and Islamic counseling, and evaluation and measurement, were also included in the validation process. Results: All items fulfilled the prerequisite of a threshold level of (d) ≤ 0.2, which obtained more than 75% of expert consensus and α-cut value ≥ of 0.5. Conclusion: The FDM analysis results indicated that all items could further validate the instrument using Rasch measurement analysis.
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