MyMedR

The reaction of propionyl isothio-cyanate with valine was found to give the title compound, C(8)H(15)NO(3), instead of the expected thio-urea product. The whole mol-ecule is non-planar and the carbonyl group is cis to the methyl-butanoic acid group across the C-N bond. Inter-molecular O-H⋯O and N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds build up a two-dimensional network developing parallel to (100).

Fulltext N-Propionylthio-urea

Yamin BM, Othman EA

Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online, 2007;64(Pt 1):o313.

PMID: 21200875 DOI: 10.1107/S160053680706031X

The mol-ecule of the title compound, C(4)H(8)N(2)OS, is essentially planar; it adopts a trans configuration with respect to the position of the propionyl group relative to the thiono S atom about the C-N bond. The mol-ecular structure is stabilized by an intra-molecular N-H⋯O hydrogen bond between the propionyl O atom and the amide H atom. Mol-ecules are linked into a two-dimensional network parallel to the (10) plane by N-H⋯O and N-H⋯S inter-molecular hydrogen bonds.

Fulltext N-(3-Chloro-propion-yl)-N'-phenyl-thio-urea

Othman EA, Soh SK, Yamin BM

Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online, 2010;66(Pt 3):o628.

PMID: 21580385 DOI: 10.1107/S1600536810005271

The title compound, C(10)H(11)ClN(2)OS, adopts a cis-trans configuration with respect to the position of the phenyl and 3-chloro-propionyl groups relative to the thiono group across the C-N bonds. The benzene ring is perpendicular to the propionyl thio-urea fragment with a dihedral angle of 82.62 (10)°. An intra-molecular N-H⋯O inter-action occurs. The crystal structure is stabilized by inter-molecular N-H⋯S hydrogen bonds, which link pairs of mol-ecules, building up R(2) (2)(8) ring motifs, and C-H.. π inter-actions.

Hemispheric Lateralization of Auditory Working Memory Regions During Stochastic Resonance: An fMRI Study

Othman EA, Yusoff AN, Mohamad M, Abdul Manan H, Abd Hamid AI, Giampietro V

J Magn Reson Imaging, 2020 06;51(6):1821-1828.

PMID: 31794119 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.27016

BACKGROUND: The auditory and prefrontal cortex supports auditory working memory processing. Many neuroimaging studies have shown hemispheric lateralization of auditory working memory brain regions in the presence of background noise, but few studies have focused on the lateralization of these regions during stochastic resonance.

PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of stochastic resonance on lateralization of auditory working memory regions, and also to examine the brain-behavior relationship during stochastic resonance.

STUDY TYPE: Cross-sectional.

POPULATION/SUBJECTS: Forty healthy young adults (18-24 years old).

FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE: 3.0T, T1 , and T2 *-weighted imaging.

ASSESSMENT: The auditory working memory performance was assessed using a backward recall task. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to measure brain activity during task performance. Functional MRI data were analyzed using SPM12 and WFU PickAtlas.

STATISTICAL TESTS: One-way independent analyses of variance (ANOVA) were conducted on the behavioral and functional data to examine the main effect of noise level on performance (P

Drug addictions in Malaysia: a mini-review on drug types, rehabilitation centers and therapeutic programs

Mohd Nawawi NAA, Othman EA, Mohd Nasir F, Abdullah KA, Baharudin MN

J Ethn Subst Abuse, 2024 Apr 08.

PMID: 38588590 DOI: 10.1080/15332640.2024.2336495

Drug addiction remains one of the most complex social problems worldwide that has yet to be resolved. In Malaysia, abuse of various types of drugs has been reported which warrants the government to take immediate strategies in managing drug addicts. Despite implementing various strategies to treat drug addiction, statistics show the number of relapses continues to skyrocket over the years. This calls for urgent attention to improve the effectiveness of substance abuse treatment services in Malaysia. Moreover, emerging evidence shows a change in trend in the type of drug being abused. This factor could potentially contribute to the ineffectiveness of the strategies employed in the treatment of substance abuse. Therefore, this review provides an overview of the major types of drugs commonly abused in Malaysia. Additionally, in an effort to search for ways to improve the effectiveness of substance abuse treatment services, we identified the public institutions responsible for managing drug addicts in Malaysia and discussed the therapeutic programs offered at the institutions. Review findings support the need for future research on the effectiveness of these therapeutic programs and recommend the implementation of evidence-based programs to improve the effectiveness of substance abuse treatments in Malaysia.

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