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  1. Saedon NI, Pin Tan M, Frith J
    J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 2020 01 01;75(1):117-122.
    PMID: 30169579 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/gly188
    BACKGROUND: Orthostatic hypotension (OH) is associated with increased risk of falls, cognitive impairment and death, as well as a reduced quality of life. Although it is presumed to be common in older people, estimates of its prevalence vary widely. This study aims to address this by pooling the results of epidemiological studies.

    METHODS: MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science, and ProQuest were searched. Studies were included if participants were more than 60 years, were set within the community or within long-term care and diagnosis was based on a postural drop in systolic blood pressure (BP) ≥20 mmHg or diastolic BP ≥10 mmHg. Data were extracted independently by two reviewers. Random and quality effects models were used for pooled analysis.

    RESULTS: Of 23,090 identified records, 20 studies were included for community-dwelling older people (n = 24,967) and six were included for older people in long-term settings (n = 2,694). There was substantial variation in methods used to identify OH with differing supine rest duration, frequency and timing of standing BP, measurement device, use of standing and tilt-tables and interpretation of the diagnostic drop in BP. The pooled prevalence of OH in community-dwelling older people was 22.2% (95% CI = 17, 28) and 23.9% (95% CI = 18.2, 30.1) in long-term settings. There was significant heterogeneity in both pooled results (I2 > 90%).

    CONCLUSIONS: OH is very common, affecting one in five community-dwelling older people and almost one in four older people in long-term care. There is great variability in methods used to identify OH.

  2. Salwana Kamsan S, Kaur Ajit Singh D, Pin Tan M, Kumar S
    Australas J Ageing, 2021 Mar;40(1):e1-e12.
    PMID: 32881241 DOI: 10.1111/ajag.12844
    OBJECTIVE: The aim of this review was to determine the contents and parameters of self-management education programs (SMEPs) for older adults with knee osteoarthritis (KOA).

    METHODS: A systematic electronic literature search (Scopus, MEDLINE, ProQuest, CINAHL, Cochrane and a grey literature specific site through Google Scholar) was undertaken between March and May 2018 (search updated in June 2019). Studies were selected based on predetermined criteria. Data relating to the contents and parameters of the SMEP were extracted and collated.

    RESULTS: A total of 11 experimental studies met the inclusion criteria. Overall quality of the selected studies was good. The contents used for SMEP in older adults with KOA were information and management of KOA, healthy lifestyle and additional management strategies for KOA. The parameters used were face-to-face sessions led by health professionals and were chiefly group-based.

    CONCLUSION: This review comprehensively summarises the structure of multifaceted SMEP for people with KOA, which could be used to inform clinical practice and future research.

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