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  1. Knowledge, Decision-Making and Acceptance of Human Papilloma Virus Vaccination among Parents of Primary School Students in Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
    Mohd Sopian M, Shaaban J, Mohd Yusoff SS, Wan Mohamad WMZ
    Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2018 Jun 25;19(6):1509-1514.
    PMID: 29936724
    Background: The incidence of cervical cancer in younger women remains high. This is worrisome as it affects
    future generations. Therefore Malaysia implements human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccination as a national vaccination
    program. Parents play an important role in determining the success of this HPV vaccination program among schoolaged
    girls by their compliance. Objective: To assess parental knowledge, decision-making and acceptance of HPV
    vaccination. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted among 280 randomly selected parents of primary
    school students aged 11 in Kota Bharu using a pre-validated self-administered questionnaire to assess knowledge and
    decision-making with regard to HPV vaccination. Results: Most parents (62%) were shown to have poor knowledge
    while most decision-making was shared. Age of respondents (adjusted odds ratio ‘AOR’= 1.09; 95% confidence interval
    ‘CI’= 1.04-1.14; p <0.001) and good knowledge of HPV vaccination (AOR= 16.32; 95% CI= 7.32-36.4; p <0.001) were
    significantly associated with HPV vaccine acceptance. Conclusion: The majority of parents exhibited poor knowledge
    which may affect their decision-making and uptake of HPV vaccination among their children. This highlights the need
    to better educate parents on HPV vaccination.
  2. Fulltext Development and Validation of Rabies Health Education Module (RaHEM) for Dog Owners in Kelantan, Malaysia: An ADDIE Model
    Mohammad Basir MF, Mohd Hairon S, Ibrahim MI, Wan Mohamad WMZ, Mohd Fuzi NMH, Rosli AS, et al.
    J Epidemiol Glob Health, 2025 Jan 30;15(1):12.
    PMID: 39883314 DOI: 10.1007/s44197-025-00355-4
    BACKGROUND: Rabies is a preventable yet deadly public health threat. Despite the availability of effective vaccines for both humans and animals, the persistence of rabies-related fatalities underscores the need for enhanced public education strategies. This study aimed to develop and validate a Rabies Health Education Module delivered via a Massive Open Online Course, targeting adult dog owners in Kelantan, Malaysia.

    METHODS: The development of RaHEM followed the ADDIE framework. A comprehensive analysis was conducted through literature reviews, cross-sectional surveys, and stakeholder interviews. The module's content was designed and developed based on the Modified Health Belief Model and Mayer's Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning. Validation was performed by a panel of six experts and ten dog owners through content and face validity indices, respectively.

    RESULTS: The module was organized into five core topics, each addressing specific aspects of rabies prevention. Content validity indices for all topics exceeded the acceptable threshold of 0.83, with an overall module CVI of 0.91 for relevance and 0.88 for clarity. Face validity indices also surpassed the 0.83 threshold, with overall module FVI scores of 1.00 for understandability and 0.99 for clarity.

    CONCLUSION: The RaHEM MOOC was successfully developed and thoroughly validated, ensuring it met its intended objectives and was suitable for the target audience. This educational module offers a promising approach to enhancing rabies prevention through accessible and engaging online education, potentially contributing to reduced rabies transmission and fatalities. Further studies are recommended to evaluate the module's effectiveness in improving rabies knowledge and attitudes.

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