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A multicentre surveillance study on the characteristics, bacterial aetiologies and in vitro antibiotic susceptibilities in patients with acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis

Hui DS, Ip M, Ling T, Chang SC, Liao CH, Yoo CG, et al.

Respirology, 2011 Apr;16(3):532-9.
PMID: 21299688 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1843.2011.01943.x

Antimicrobial resistance is a global problem and the prevalence is high in many Asian countries.

Matched MeSH terms: Bronchitis, Chronic/drug therapy*; Bronchitis, Chronic/microbiology*; Bronchitis, Chronic/epidemiology
Fulltext Clinical phenotypes of COPD and health-related quality of life: a cross-sectional study

Chai CS, Liam CK, Pang YK, Ng DL, Tan SB, Wong TS, et al.

Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis, 2019 03 01;14:565-573.
PMID: 30880946 DOI: 10.2147/COPD.S196109

Introduction: The Spanish COPD guideline (GesEPOC) classifies COPD into four clinical phenotypes based on the exacerbation frequency and dominant clinical manifestations. In this study, we compared the disease-specific health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of patients with different clinical phenotypes.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of patients with COPD attending the respiratory medicine clinic of University of Malaya Medical Centre from 1 June 2017 to 31 May 2018. Disease-specific HRQoL was assessed by using the COPD Assessment Test (CAT) and St George's Respiratory Questionnaire for COPD (SGRQ-c).
Results: Of 189 patients, 28.6% were of non-exacerbator phenotype (NON-AE), 18.5% were of exacerbator with emphysema phenotype (AE NON-CB), 39.7% were of exacerbator with chronic bronchitis phenotype (AE CB), and 13.2% had asthma-COPD overlap syndrome phenotype (ACOS). The total CAT and SGRQ-c scores were significantly different between the clinical phenotypes (P<0.001). Patients who were AE CB had significantly higher total CAT score than those with ACOS (P=0.033), AE NON-CB (P=0.001), and NON-AE (P<0.001). Concerning SGRQ-c, patients who were AE CB also had a significantly higher total score than those with AE NON-CB (P=0.001) and NON-AE (P<0.001). However, the total SGRQ-c score of AE CB patients was only marginally higher than those who had ACOS (P=0.187). There was a significant difference in the score of each CAT item (except CAT 7) and SGRQ-c components between clinical phenotypes, with AE CB patients recording the highest score in each of them.
Conclusion: Patients who were AE CB had significantly poorer HRQoL than other clinical phenotypes and recorded the worst score in each of the CAT items and SGRQ-c components. Therefore, AE CB patients may warrant a different treatment approach that focuses on the exacerbation and chronic bronchitis components.

Matched MeSH terms: Bronchitis, Chronic/diagnosis*; Bronchitis, Chronic/physiopathology; Bronchitis, Chronic/psychology; Bronchitis, Chronic/therapy
Fulltext Clinical phenotypes and heath-related quality of life of COPD patients in a rural setting in Malaysia - a cross-sectional study

Chai CS, Mos SB, Ng DL, Goh GM, Su AT, Ibrahim MAB, et al.

BMC Pulm Med, 2020 Sep 29;20(1):254.
PMID: 32993591 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-020-01295-4

BACKGROUND: The Spanish chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) guideline phenotypes patients according to the exacerbation frequency and COPD subtypes. In this study, we compared the patients' health-related quality of life (HRQoL) according to their COPD phenotypes.
METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study of COPD patients who attended the outpatient clinic of the Serian Divisional Hospital and Bau District Hospital from 23th January 2018 to 22th January 2019. The HRQoL was assessed using modified Medical Research Council (mMRC), COPD Assessment Test (CAT), and St George's Respiratory Questionnaire for COPD (SGRQ-c).
RESULTS: Of 185 patients, 108 (58.4%) were non-exacerbators (NON-AE), 51 (27.6%) were frequent exacerbators (AE), and the remaining 26 (14.1%) had asthma-COPD overlap (ACO). Of AE patients, 42 (82.4%) had chronic bronchitis and only 9 (17.6%) had emphysema. Of the 185 COPD patients, 65.9% had exposure to biomass fuel and 69.1% were ex- or current smokers. The scores of mMRC, CAT, and SGRQ-c were significantly different between COPD phenotypes (p

Matched MeSH terms: Bronchitis, Chronic
Emergence of antibiotic resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae in malaysia

Farida Jamal

Malaysian Journal of Child Health, 1997;9(2):174-177.
MyJurnal

Streptococcus pneumoniae is an important cause of community acquired infections, particularly pneumonia, acute otitis media, sinusitis and exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. Together with Haemophilus influenzae, it is an important cause of childhood meningitis. It is also a major cause of bacterial meningitis among adults. The emergence of Streptococcus pneumoniae resistant to penicillin and other antibiotics in recent years has complicated the management of pneumococcal infections world-wide'. In some areas, penicillin resistant strains have become the predominant pneumococcal isolates2. Multiply resistant strains and those resistant to second and third generation cephalosporins are also increasingly reported'. Treatment of meningitis and acute otitis media caused by such strains is particularly problematic. (Copied from article).

Matched MeSH terms: Bronchitis, Chronic