DESIGN: A double-blind randomized controlled trial.
METHODS: This study comprised 295 patients who were randomized into the intracameral (ICM) mydriatic group or topical mydriatic group. Central corneal endothelial cell density (ECD), coefficient of variation (CV), and percentage of hexagonal cells were measured preoperatively and postoperatively at 1 week, 6 weeks, and 3 months with specular microscope.
RESULTS: There was no significant difference in endothelial cell density and endothelial cell loss between the topical and ICM mydriatic groups. At 3 months, the mean endothelial cell density in the ICM group was 2129.76 ± 423.53 cells/mm2 and 2100.54 ± 393.00 cells/mm2 in the topical group (P = 0.539). The endothelial cell loss was 18.60 ± 12.79% in the IC M group and 19.44 ± 11.24% in the topical group (P = 0.550). No significant difference was seen in the percentage of hexagonal cells and coefficient of variation of patients between the 2 groups.
CONCLUSIONS: Intracameral phenylephrine was not associated with increased risk of postoperative endothelial cell loss or morphological changes. It can be safely injected into the anterior chamber for pupil dilatation before phacoemulsification cataract surgery.