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Mouse embryo co-culture with autologous cumulus cells and fetal development post-embryo transfer

Omar Farouk FN, Stott D, Vlad M

Anim Sci J, 2011 Jun;82(3):420-7.
PMID: 21615835 DOI: 10.1111/j.1740-0929.2010.00869.x

This study was conducted to examine the potential for implantation and sustainable fetal development of mouse embryos cultured from the pronuclear to blastocyst stage. Pronuclear embryos from ICR mice (Harlan Sprague-Dawley) were cultured in Sydney IVF sequential media (Cook) to the blastocyst stage in medium only or co-cultured with autologous cumulus cells. We also experimented with co-culture in 100 µL drops. Drop co-culture produced blastocyst formation rates with a mean of 47.0%, which was significantly higher (P < 0.05) compared to embryos cultured in identical culture conditions except without cumulus cells at 27.3%. Blastocysts obtained in vitro in Cook medium only and co-cultured in Cook medium with cumulus cells were transferred to pseudopregnant females of ICR strain. The day of blastocyst transfer into surrogate females was designated as post-transfer of blastocyst day 1 (PT 1). The implantation and fetal development was compared to embryo transfer of in vivo derived blastocysts, which served as controls. There were no statistical differences for implantation and fetal development rates for blastocysts cultured in vitro in either Cook medium only or co-culture in Cook medium with cumulus cells compared to in vivo-derived blastocysts. The advantage of the co-culture system is in generating more blastocysts available for transfer.

Matched MeSH terms: Fetal Development/physiology*
Fulltext Expression of survivin in fetal and adult normal tissues of rat

Iskandar ZA, Al-Joudi FS

Malays J Pathol, 2006 Dec;28(2):101-5.
PMID: 18376799 MyJurnal

Survivin is an inhibitor of apoptosis protein and regulates the cell cycle in the G2/M phase. Survivin is expressed during embryonic and fetal development, selectively over-expressed in common human cancers and completely down-regulated in normal adult tissue. This work was aimed at studying the expression of the survivin homologues and their subcellular distribution in fetal and normal adult tissues of rat. Survivin expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections of fetal and normal adult tissues of rat using the polyclonal serum SUR12A-CFI. This serum demonstrated intense positive survivin staining in adult kidney, ovary and oviduct, and a variable expression in different fetal organs, with particularly intense expression detected in the adrenal gland, liver, stomach, small intestine, colon, kidney and skin. In both fetal and adult tissues, the expression was predominantly cytoplasmic. It was concluded that survivin was abundantly and prominently expressed during fetal development in rat and that the polyclonal anti-human survivin antibody SUR12A-CFI is reactive with rat survivin.

Matched MeSH terms: Fetal Development/physiology*
Growth patterns of the humeral and femur length in a multiethnic population

Raman S, Teoh T, Nagaraj S

Int J Gynaecol Obstet, 1996 Aug;54(2):143-7.
PMID: 9236312

OBJECTIVES: To study whether there are any differences in growth of the femoral and humeral length between the three major ethnic groups in Malaysia viz Malays, Chinese and Indians. The effect on fetal growth by gender of the baby and parity of the mother was also studied.
METHODS: The setting was the University of Kuala Lumpur. Thirty-four Malay, 35 Chinese and 34 Indian normal pregnant middle-class women were studied longitudinally by monthly ultrasound scans for 18 to 38 weeks of gestation. The data were subjected to regression analysis; the quadratic curve was found to be the most adequate. Dummy variables were used to determine any effects by gender, parity as well as ethnicity on the length of limb growth. There was no difference in birth weights of the three ethnic groups studied, nor in gender or parity.
RESULTS: There were found to be significant differences in limb lengths of the Indians (longer) when compared with the Malays and Chinese. Parity seems to affect only Indians in whom the multiparous fetuses have shorter limb lengths than the primaparous. There appears to be no effect by gender.
CONCLUSION: There appear to be definite differences in growth of limb length between the different Malaysian ethnic groups and this should be taken into account when growth charts are used and when fetal weight formulas are calculated using limb lengths. The limitation of this study was that the numbers of subjects studied were small. Larger studies will be able to confirm or refute the findings.

Matched MeSH terms: Embryonic and Fetal Development/physiology*

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