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Uric acid diathesis as met with in Kuala Kangsar district hospital

Subramaniam RN

Med J Malaya, 1965 Dec;20(2):149-51.
PMID: 4221976
Matched MeSH terms: Gout/epidemiology*
Fulltext Geographical distribution of hyperuricemia in mainland China: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis

Huang J, Ma ZF, Zhang Y, Wan Z, Li Y, Zhou H, et al.

Glob Health Res Policy, 2020 11 30;5(1):52.
PMID: 33292806 DOI: 10.1186/s41256-020-00178-9

BACKGROUND: Fructose plays an important role in the complex metabolism of uric acid in the human body. However, high blood uric acid concentration, known as hyperuricemia, is the main risk factor for development of gout. Therefore, we conducted an updated meta-analysis on the prevalence and geographical distribution of hyperuricemia among the general population in mainland China using systematic literature search.
METHODS: Five electronic databases were used to search for relevant articles published until 2019. All calculations were conducted using the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA) software. We included 108 eligible articles (172 studies by sex, 95 studies by regions, and 107 studies by study type) and an overall sample size of > 808,505 participants.
RESULTS: The pooled prevalence of hyperuricemia among the general population in mainland China was 17.4% (95% CI: 15.8-19.1%). Our subgroup analysis indicated that the pooled prevalence by regions ranged from 15.5 to 24.6%. Those living Northeast region and being males had the highest prevalence (P 20%), particularly in males. An increasing prevalence was reported since 2005-2009 until 2015-2019. No publication of bias was observed as indicated by a symmetrical funnel plot and Begg and Mazumdar rank correlation (P = 0.392).
CONCLUSION: Prevalence of hyperuricemia is increasing in China, and future studies should investigate the association between the prevalence of hyperuricemia and its risk factors in order to tackle the issue, particularly among the vulnerable groups. Also, our study was the first comprehensive study to investigate the overall prevalence of hyperuricemia in mainland China covering the six different regions.

Matched MeSH terms: Gout/epidemiology
Clinical presentation and disease associations of gout: a hospital-based study of 100 patients in Singapore

Koh WH, Seah A, Chai P

Ann Acad Med Singap, 1998 Jan;27(1):7-10.
PMID: 9588267

The aim of this retrospective study was to characterise the clinical presentation and disease associations of Oriental patients with gout seen in our hospital over a six-month period. One hundred patients comprising of 77 males and 23 females [89% Chinese, 7% Malays, 2% Indians and 2% others; mean age was 50.9 years (range 18 to 82 years), mean age at onset of disease was 43.7 years (range 16 to 78 years)] were studied. The disease was familial in 18% and 44% of patients had a history of alcohol ingestion. Co-morbid conditions included hypertension (36%), hyperlipidaemia (25%), renal failure (17%), ischaemic heart disease (13%), diabetes mellitus (4%), systemic lupus erythematosus (3%), psoriasis (2%) and ankylosing spondylitis (1%). The majority of patients (68%) had at least one associated disease. At the onset of disease, the joints commonly involved were the ankles (39%) and knees (27%) whilst the first metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint was affected in only 26% of cases. Polyarticular onset was uncommon (n = 6). The precipitating factors reported by the patients included food (n = 23), alcohol (n = 12), drugs (n = 4), trauma (n = 3) and surgery (n = 2). Eleven patients had a history of renal calculi and 15% had tophaceous gout. Majority of patients (71%) had been treated with urate-lowering drugs (allopurinol). We concluded that gout in Singapore predominantly affects middle-aged men who often have an accompanying illness.

Matched MeSH terms: Gout/epidemiology*
Fulltext Pattern of rheumatoid arthritis in West Malaysia

Toh BH, Sengupta S, Ang AH, White JC, Lau KS

Ann Rheum Dis, 1973 Mar;32(2):151-6.
PMID: 4120913 DOI: 10.1136/ard.32.2.151

In West Malaysia RA appears to be less common than in temperate climates, but more common than in tropical Africa; furthermore, the incidence of gout and SLE is comparable. The clinical manifestations of RA are milder than those seen in more temperate climates. Subcutaneous rheumatoid nodules have not been observed. Positive serological tests for RF are significantly higher than in the general Malaysian population, but still lower than those reported for patients with RA in temperate climates. Of the three main ethnic groups, the highest incidence of positive results is found in the Chinese.
Study site: Arthritis Clinic, University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur (University Malaya Medical Centre, UMMC, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia)

Matched MeSH terms: Gout/epidemiology