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  1. Comparative efficacy and safety of energy coagulation in radiation-induced hemorrhagic cystitis: A narrative review
    Khern WC, Rajandram R, Raja Ram NK, Kuppusamy S
    Investig Clin Urol, 2025 Mar;66(2):97-105.
    PMID: 40047122 DOI: 10.4111/icu.20240288
    To assess the efficacy and safety of using energy devices as treatment for radiation-induced hemorrhagic cystitis (RHC) and to determine the most suitable energy source, settings and techniques based on laser-tissue interaction. A search of Google Scholar, PubMed, and Web of Science databases was conducted uptil February 2024 to identify studies on use of energy devices for RHC. Additionally, ClinicalTrials.gov and the World Health Organization's ICTRP (International Clinical Trials Registry Platform) were searched for ongoing studies. We identified 10 studies fulfilling the search criteria using modalities including Nd:YAG laser, argon plasma coagulation, 980-nm diode laser, and potassium-titanyl-phosphate (KTP) laser. Across studies (n=137), majority (n=116, 84.7%) of RHC patients achieved hematuria resolution after one treatment session, with mean/median hematuria-free intervals of 11 to 16 months. Six patients (4.4%) were unresponsive and underwent cystectomy/urinary diversion. Total adverse events occurred in patients (30/139, 21.6%), including storage symptoms, recurrent hematuria, bladder stones and urinary retention, among others. Typical laser settings involved low power (<40 W), with either a pulse duration of 2-3 seconds or 10-40 milliseconds; some used continuous wave mode. Other standard practises include selective coagulation employed in a "painting" fashion and non-contact mode (3-5 mm). The treatment endpoints were hemostasis, involution of telangiectatic vessels and formation of pale well-circumscribed mucosal ulcer. Energy devices have considerable efficacy and safety to treat RHC patients and can be considered for refractory RHC and as an adjunct after initial management. The various properties of KTP laser confers an advantage over other energy devices.
    Matched MeSH terms: Lasers, Solid-State/therapeutic use
  2. Influence of gold nanoparticles on wound healing treatment in rat model: Photobiomodulation therapy
    Lau P, Bidin N, Islam S, Shukri WNBWM, Zakaria N, Musa N, et al.
    Lasers Surg Med, 2017 04;49(4):380-386.
    PMID: 27859389 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.22614
    BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) on wound healing process.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: AuNPs are synthesized by Q-switched Nd:YAG laser ablation technique. Cutaneous wound are induced on 45 Sprague Dawley rats on its dorsal part and then randomly divided into three groups. One group serves as non-treatment group (GC) and another two groups are subjected to AuNPs with and without PBMT. About 808 nm diode laser with output power of 100 mW is used as a light source for PBMT. The treatment was carried out daily with exposure duration of 50 seconds and total fluence of 5 J/cm2 . Wound area is monitored for 9 consecutive days using a digital camera, and histological examination is performed at 3rd, 6th, and 9th day through hematoxylin and eosin stain as well as Masson's trichrome stain.

    RESULTS: The group of rats subjected to AuNPs with PBMT shows significantly accelerated wound closure compared to other groups. Histological results indicate that AuNPs and PBMT group is more effective in stimulating angiogenesis and triggers inflammatory response at early stage.

    CONCLUSION: The application of AuNPs in PBMT has potential to accelerate wound healing due to enhanced epithelialization, collagen deposition and fast vascularization. Lasers Surg. Med. 49:380-386, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

    Matched MeSH terms: Lasers, Solid-State/therapeutic use
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