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Fulltext Managing unexpected iatrogenic opening of anterior bite during active orthodontic treatment: A case report

Abdul,Ghani,S,H,, Mohd,Ali,N,D,

Compendium of Oral Science, 2020;7(1):44-50.
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Abstract
Introduction: Orthodontic treatment even though managed and properly controlled , on some remote occasion
may lead to presence of unwanted movement. Anterior open bite is one such example of an iatrogenic
outcome. This article describes the management of an iatrogenic anterior open bite case that occurred in active
orthodontic treatment in the early stage of leveling and aligning. A few modalities had been employed to
manage the open bite through some artistic bends followed by the use of modified low transpalatal arch with
extended looped arms with loops as well as orthodontic mini implants for distalisation and some intrusion
mechanics. This case report is aimed to share authors’ anecdotal experience on overcoming the open bite.

Matched MeSH terms: Open Bite
Fulltext n investigation of inter-e xaminer reproducibility in recording malocclusion parameters during orthodontic epidemiologic studies

Ang, Grace, Jacqueline Maryam Kamaluddin, Wizziyiane Ahmad, Uday Kumar Umesan, Siti Waznah Wahab, Naing, Lin

Archives of Orofacial Sciences, 2014;9(1):1-9.
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his study assesses inter-examiner reproducibility in recording various malocclusion parameters and Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN) grade during patient examination by utilising the kappa statistic. Five previously calibrated orthodontists clinically examined 233 non-orthodontically treated schoolchildren aged 14-17 years for recording various malocclusion parameters. The examination was repeated twice, thirty days apart and precluded the use of study-models or radiographs. Although good inter-examiner reproducibility was observed in recording incisor class, IOTN dental health grade, type of posterior crossbite, and excellent for parameters with absolute criteria like
erupted supernumeraries, etc, substantial examiner variation resulted in only fair reproducibility for recording IOTN esthetic category, canine class, overbite category, traumatic overbite and upper centre-line shift of two millimetres or more from the facial midline. Reproducibility for detecting occlusal displacement in the presence of crossbite was poor, and kappa statistic was incalculable for recording openbite and number of upper incisors rotated 30° or more. Kappa was also incalculable for recording IOTN dental health subcategory due to the creation of asymmetric tables caused by rarely chosen subcategory options. Despite prior agreement between previously calibrated examiners on evaluation criteria, detection of certain malocclusion parameters during an epidemiological examination can prove to be challenging. Epidemiological studies that report on prevalence of malocclusion in the population should always report on the kappa reproducibility, especially if the study is carried out by multiple examiners.

Matched MeSH terms: Open Bite
Fulltext Global distribution of malocclusion traits: A systematic review

Alhammadi MS, Halboub E, Fayed MS, Labib A, El-Saaidi C

Dental Press J Orthod, 2019 1 24;23(6):40.e1-40.e10.
PMID: 30672991 DOI: 10.1590/2177-6709.23.6.40.e1-10.onl

OBJECTIVE: Considering that the available studies on prevalence of malocclusions are local or national-based, this study aimed to pool data to determine the distribution of malocclusion traits worldwide in mixed and permanent dentitions.
METHODS: An electronic search was conducted using PubMed, Embase and Google Scholar search engines, to retrieve data on malocclusion prevalence for both mixed and permanent dentitions, up to December 2016.
RESULTS: Out of 2,977 retrieved studies, 53 were included. In permanent dentition, the global distributions of Class I, Class II, and Class III malocclusion were 74.7% [31 - 97%], 19.56% [2 - 63%] and 5.93% [1 - 20%], respectively. In mixed dentition, the distributions of these malocclusions were 73% [40 - 96%], 23% [2 - 58%] and 4% [0.7 - 13%]. Regarding vertical malocclusions, the observed deep overbite and open bite were 21.98% and 4.93%, respectively. Posterior crossbite affected 9.39% of the sample. Africans showed the highest prevalence of Class I and open bite in permanent dentition (89% and 8%, respectively), and in mixed dentition (93% and 10%, respectively), while Caucasians showed the highest prevalence of Class II in permanent dentition (23%) and mixed dentition (26%). Class III malocclusion in mixed dentition was highly prevalent among Mongoloids.
CONCLUSION: Worldwide, in mixed and permanent dentitions, Angle Class I malocclusion is more prevalent than Class II, specifically among Africans; the least prevalent was Class III, although higher among Mongoloids in mixed dentition. In vertical dimension, open bite was highest among Mongoloids in mixed dentition. Posterior crossbite was more prevalent in permanent dentition in Europe.

Matched MeSH terms: Open Bite/epidemiology
Fulltext Malocclusion and orthodontic treatment need evaluated among subjects with Down syndrome using the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI)

Abdul Rahim FS, Mohamed AM, Nor MM, Saub R

Angle Orthod, 2014 Jul;84(4):600-6.
PMID: 24417495 DOI: 10.2319/062813-480.1

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of malocclusion and need for orthodontic treatment among persons with Down Syndrome (DS).
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Study participants were 113 persons with DS from the selected community-based rehabilitation center who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Ten occlusal characteristics of the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) were measured on study models to determine the degree of malocclusion. A single score represented the dentofacial anomalies, determined the level of severity, and determined the need for orthodontic treatment.
RESULTS: Crowding in the anterior maxillary and mandibular arch was the main malocclusion problems among the subjects with DS. Comparison between age group and genders revealed no significant differences in four categories of orthodontic treatment need (P > .05).
CONCLUSION: Most of the subjects with DS (94; 83.2%) had severe and very severe malocclusion, which indicated a desirable and mandatory need for orthodontic treatment.

Matched MeSH terms: Open Bite/epidemiology